First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid

First Aid
Review
77.1702
(a) Each operator of a surface coal mine shall make
arrangements with a licensed physician, medical service,
medical clinic, or hospital to provide 24-hour emergency
medical assistance for any person injured at the mine.
(b) Each operator shall make arrangements with an
ambulance service, or otherwise provide for 24-hour
emergency transportation for any person injured at the
mine.

Definition:
• The immediate care given to a person who is
injured or ill.
Principle goals:
• Ensure the safety of rescuer and patient.
• Identify the causes of injury.
• Stabilize the neck and care for life
threatening injuries.
• Arrange for transportation.
• Continue patient assessment
First Aid Review

First Aid
Scene Safety
• Make sure the area is safe
– What caused the injury or
accident?
• Ensure Personal Safety
– Protect yourself with gloves,
masks, before you act.
– You wouldn’t work with toxic
chemical without the proper
protection would you?

First Aid
Patient Assessment
• Primary Survey
– ABC’s and severe bleeding
– Life Threatening conditions
• Secondary Survey
– DE
– Thorough Head to toe “hands on” examination
for wounds, burns, musculoskeletal injuries and
anything else that will require treatment.

First Aid
Patient Assessment
• A (Airway)
– Assess for unresponsiveness
– Open the Airway (Head tilt-Chin lift)
• B (Breathing)
– Look, Listen and Feel for Breathing
– If not breathing, give two normal breaths
• C (Circulation)
– Check Pulse at Carotid Artery (5-10 seconds)
– If no pulse, start chest compressions

First Aid
Patient Assessment
• D
– Assess for Deformity
– Hands on; Head to toe Examination for all other
injuries and conditions that will require treatment
• E
– Expose
– If you can’t see it, you can’t treat it

First Aid
CPR and Rescue Breathing
• ABC’s
• Ratio
– 30 compressions to 2 breaths
– 1 breath every 5 seconds
• Rate
– Hard and Fast
– 12 breaths per minute

First Aid
Control of Bleeding
• Direct Pressure
– 95%
• Elevation
– 97%
• Pressure Points
– 99%
• Tourniquet
– Last resort 1%

First Aid
Burns
• Degree
– First (Superficial)
– Second (Partial Thickness)
– Third (Full Thickness)
• Treatment
– Remove heat
– Prevent contamination
– Over Bandage; loosely

First Aid
Musculoskeletal Injuries
• Splinting
– Immobilize the joint above and the
joint below
– When in doubt, SPLINT
• Elevate
• Apply cold compresses
• Do we ever want to attempt to "straighten
out a broken bone or fracture?

First Aid
Shock
• Treat for Shock on all patients
from the beginning.
• Shock can kill, even though the
injuries wouldn’t.
• Be calm and reassuring
• Keep the patient warm
• Elevate feet, if no back or head
injuries.

Definition:
• The immediate care given to
a person who is injured or ill.
Principle goals:
• Ensure the safety of rescuer
and patient.
• Identify the causes of injury.
• Stabilize the neck and care
for life threatening injuries.
• Arrange for transportation.
• Continue patient assessment
First Aid Review

First Aid
Patient Assessment
• Primary Survey
– ABC’s and severe bleeding
– Life Threatening conditions
• Secondary Survey
– DE
– Thorough Head to toe “hands
on” examination for wounds,
burns, musculoskeletal injuries
and anything else that will
require treatment.

First Aid
Patient Assessment
• A
– Assess for unresponsiveness
– Open the Airway (Head tilt-Chin lift)
• B
– Look, Listen and Feel for Breathing
– If not breathing, give two normal breaths
• C
– Check Pulse at Carotid Artery (5-10 seconds)
– If no pulse, start chest compressions

First Aid
Control of Bleeding
• Direct Pressure
– 95%
• Elevation
– 97%
• Pressure Points
– 99%
• Tourniquet
– Last resort

First Aid
Musculoskeletal Injuries
• Splint
– Immobilize the joint above
and the joint below
– When in doubt, SPLINT
• Elevate
• Apply cold compresses

First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid First Aid

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