fire prevention technique

2. 12/02/2024 2
We can look at things differently

3. “We will risk a life to save a life; we will use considerable caution to protect
savable property; we will not risk a life to save what is already lost.”
– Gingoog City Fire Station, Bureau of Fire Protection

4. The BFP was created by
virtue of Republic Act No.
6975, otherwise known as the
DILG Act of 1990.
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION

5. (1) Be responsible for the prevention &
suppression of all destructive fires on
Buildings, houses & other structures;
Forest; Land transportation vehicle &
equipment; Ship or vessel docked at piers
or wharves anchored in major ports;
Petroleum industry installations; Plane
crashes; Other similar activities
( R A 6 9 7 5 . C H A P T E R 4 . S E C T I O N 5 4 )
legal mandate

6. (2) Be responsible for the enforcement of the FIRE
CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (PD 1185) [now RA
9514] and other related laws
(3) Shall have the power to investigate all causes
of fires & if necessary file the proper complaint
with the City or Provincial Prosecutor who has
jurisdiction over the case.
( R A 6 9 7 5 . C H A P T E R 4 . S E C T I O N 5 4 )
legal mandate

7. (4) In time of national emergency, all
elements of the BFP shall upon direction of
the President, assist the AFP in meeting the
national emergency.
( R A 6 9 7 5 . C H A P T E R 1 . S E C T I O N 1 2 )
legal mandate

8. (5) Shall established at least one (1) fire
station with adequate personnel, fire fighting
facilities & equipment in every provincial
capital city & municipality subject to
standard rules & regulations as maybe
promulgated by the DILG.
( R A 6 9 7 5 . C H A P T E R 4 . S E C T I O N 5 6 )
legal mandate

9. WE COMMIT TO PREVENT AND
SUPPRESS DESTRUCTIVE FIRES;
INVESTIGATE ITS CAUSES; ENFORCE
FIRE CODE AND OTHER RELATED
LAWS, RESPOND TO MAN-MADE AND
NATURAL DISASTERS AND OTHER
EMERGENCIES.
M I S S I O N

10. A MODERN FIRE SERVICE
FULLY CAPABLE OF INSURING
FIRE-SAFE NATION BY 2034
v I S I O N

11. 1.Preservation of human lives.
4.To avoid social disorder
3.To prevent the loss of revenue.
2.To sustain the economy of a nation.
FIRE SAFETY

12. Fire prevention includes all the activity of the BFP that decreases the
incidence of uncontrolled fires. It contents on enforcement of Fire Code of
the Philippines (RA 9514).
a. Securing of Building Permit through evaluation and review of
Building Plan submitted.
b. INSPECTION proper for securing of Occupancy Permit (for
issuance of Fire Safety Inspection Certificate).
c. EDUCATION, conduct of lectures, seminars, orientation,
dissemination of information to the populace on what to
do, evacuation and Fire Drill and any other related emergency
procedure, to include Brgy. Ugnayan.

13. How Fire Start?
98 %
of disastrous fires start small
2%
starts big

14. FIRE
The active principle of burning,
characterized by the heat and
light of combustion

15.  A fire will double every 30 seconds under normal conditions.
 In as little as 3 minutes, a small fire can erupt into
a “FLASHOVER”.
 Within minutes, air temperature in a burning room can
reach 300 degrees Celsius. This temperature is hot enough to
melt clothes, skin and scorch your lungs in one breathe.

16.  Most people who die in fires, die from breathing smoke
and toxic gases.
 Carbon Oxide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Ammonia and
hundreds of other irritants attack your eyes, nose, throat
and lungs.
 They numb your senses and leave you dazed.
 A small fire can produce enough smoke to fill a building
in minutes.
 Smoke results in:
 Teary eyes
 Choking sensation
 Impaired judgment due to Carbon Monoxide (CO)
 Loss of spatial recognition
 Sedation effect - Respiratory failure

17. The Fire Triangle
Fire Safety, at its most basic, is based upon the
principle of keeping fuel sources and ignition
sources separate.

18. FIRE TRIANGLE
HEAT
OXYGEN
FUEL
3 Ways to Fight Fire
COOLING
STARVING
BLANKETING

19. The Fire Triangle
1. Enough OXYGEN to sustain combustion
2. Enough HEAT to reach ignition temperature
3. Some FUEL or combustible material
Together, they produce the CHEMICAL
REACTION that is fire
Three things must be present at the same time to
produce fire:
Take away any of these things and
the fire will be extinguished

20. Fuel Classifications
Class A: Wood, paper, cloth, trash, plastics—
solids that are not metals.
Class B: Flammable liquids—gasoline, oil,
grease, acetone. Includes flammable gases.
Class C: Electrical—energized electrical
equipment. As long as it’s “plugged in.”
Class D: Metals—potassium, sodium, aluminum,
magnesium. Requires Metal-X, foam, and other
special extinguishing agents.

21. CLASS “A” FIRES - Ordinary combustibles such as wood ,
paper, cloth.
EXTINGUISHMENT - It can be extinguished with
water and multi-purpose dry chemicals.

22. CLASS “B” FIRES - Flammable liquids such as oil, grease
EXTINGUISHMENT - Use dry powder, foam, vaporizing liquid or carbon
dioxide extinguishers.
CAUTION : Don’t use water – It will only spread the fire.

23. CLASS “C” FIRES - Energized electrical equipment
EXTINGUISHMENT - The recommended method of fighting these fires is to
turn-off or disconnect electrical power and then use an appropriate extinguisher
depending on the remaining fuel source. Class “C” Fires call for non-conductive
dry powder, carbon dioxide or vaporizing liquid.
CAUTION : never use water to avoid shock or fatal electrocution.

24. CLASS “D” FIRES - Flammable Metals
EXTINGUISHMENT - Special dry powder or sand. Never use WATER as it
would produce hydrogen gas and an explosion

25. Extinguishing agents such as
some dry chemicals and halogenated
agents (halons) interrupt the
combustion reaction and stop flaming.
This method of extinguishment is
effective on gas and liquid fuels
because they must flame to burn.
CHEMICAL FLAME INHIBITION

26. PIN
RUBBER HOSE
NOZZLE
LEVER
HANDLE
LABEL
CYLINDER
GAUGE

27. DRY CHEMICAL LIQUIFIED

29. Activate the building alarm system or notify the fire
department by calling 112 or have someone else do this for
you.
Assist any persons in immediate danger, or those incapable
on their own, to exit the building, without risk to yourself.
Only after these two are completed, should you Attempt to
extinguish the fire.

30. If the fire is small and contained- the to use the extinguisher is in the early,
or incipient stage. Once the fire starts to grow or spread, it is best to
evacuate the building closing the doors and windows behind you.
If you are safe from toxic smoke – if the fire is producing large amounts of
thick, black smoke or chemical smoke, it may be best not to try to
extinguish the fire. Neither should you attempt to extinguish the fire in
confined space. Outdoors, approach the fire with the wind at your back.
Remember that all fires will produce carbon monoxide and many fire will
produce toxic gases that can be fatal, even in small amounts.
If you have means of escape. You should always fight a fire with an exit or
other means of escape at your back. If the fire is not quickly extinguished,
you need to be able to get out quickly and avoid becoming trapped.
If your instincts tell you its OK. If you do not feel comfortable attempting to
extinguish the fire don't try- get out and let the fire department do their job.

31. EXTINGUISHER INSPECTION
1. Is the extinguisher in the correct location
2. The extinguisher is not blocked by equipment, coats or other objects that
could interfere with access in an emergency.
3. Is it visible and accessible
 The pressure is at the recommended level. On extinguishers equipped with
a gauge (such as that shown on the right), the needle should be in the
green zone - not too high and not too low.
 The nozzle or other parts are not hindered in any way.
 The pin and tamper seal (if it has one) are intact.
 There are no dents, leaks, rust, chemical deposits and/or other signs of
abuse/wear. Wipe off any corrosive chemicals, oil, gunk etc. that may have
deposited on the extinguisher.

33. Never leave a warm or hot iron
unattended. An unattended
iron that is on will scorch
fabric and may cause a fire.

34. Never leave food on a stove or in an
oven unattended. Keep cooking
areas free of flammable objects such
as potholders, towels and curtains.

35. Never disable or remove the battery
from a smoke alarm. Frequently test
smoke alarms and make sure that you
replace batteries regularly.

36. Burning candles should never
be left unattended. Keep
flammable items like fabric and
paper away from candles.

37. Store gasoline,
newspapers and other
combustibles away
from sources of flame.

38. Keep air conditioning unit on a
level surface away from fabric
and other flammable items.

39. Unattended cooking equipment
Improper discarding of cigarette butts
Improper wiring system Octopus connection – overloading of circuit.
Unattended electric iron

40. Unattended children playing matches Mosquito coils near combustible rugs
Fire trapped window grills

41. PROCESS OF HEAT TRANSFER
1. CONDUCTION – The transmission of heat through a solid

42. PROCESS OF HEAT TRANSFER
2. CONVECTION – The transmission of heat by air currents or
circulation. A hot air furnace uses convection to heat a house

43. Smoke, Toxic Gases, Flame, and Heat
will rise in a high rise building. The
effects of Heat Transfer results in the
burning of the upper most part of the
building rather than the next floor
level.
Fire will never travel down
because that is natural law.

44. PROCESS OF HEAT TRANSFER
3. RADIATION – The heat rays transmitted in all direction by high
temperature source. Radiation is felt when one stands near a fire

45. Heat generates thermal energy and may travel in any
direction that will affect clusters of houses.

46. Extinguishing this kind of fire is usually misunderstood when
firefighters dose off water on the unburned houses.

47. PROCESS OF HEAT TRANSFER
4. DIRECT FLAME CONTACT – Flames ignite other
combustible products

49. March 19, 1996
160 persons killed
83 persons injured
P15M in damages

50. August 18, 2001
75 persons killed
19 persons injured
P12M in damages

51. MAY 13, 2012
72 People Killed

53. Thank you for listening
“We will risk a life to save a life; we will use considerable caution to protect
savable property; we will not risk a life to save what is already lost.”
– Gingoog City Fire Station, Bureau of Fire Protection
E M E R G E N C Y H O T L I N E ( S ) : 0 9 0 6 0 3 2 5 5 6 6 / 1 6 0 / 1 1 2 /
( 0 8 8 4 2 ) 7 3 3 9
R A D I O F R E Q U E N C Y : 1 5 3 . 4 5 0 M H Z
C A L L S I G N : “ K I L O ”