The document discusses different types of fires classified by the materials that are burning, terminology related to measuring combustion temperatures, components of the fire triangle, how to use a fire extinguisher properly, features of fire protection systems, guidelines for evacuation plans and fire drills, and steps to take in the event of a fire. It provides information on classification of fires, fire science terminology, fire safety equipment and procedures.

1. MAIN CAUSES OF FIRE

2. MAIN CAUSES OF FIRE

3. SPREAD OF FIRE

4. FIRE TERMINOLOGY
CLASSIFICATION OF TEMPARATURE FOR COMBUSTION
Minimum temperature at which the substance will give out
combustible vapor in such a manner that when out side flame is
brought near to it, it will give momentary flash (on removal of flash
burning stops)
FIRE POINT
Minimum temperature at which above reaction will continue, even
when the external flame is removed away. This temperature is usually is a
few degrees above flash point.
FLASH POINT

5. AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE
Minimum temperature at which it will burn without the application of out
side flame.
FIRE TERMINOLOGY

6. CLASS A(USA)

7. CLASS B(USA)
Butane, Propane,
Acetylene, Hydrogen,
Methane
CLASS B(USA)

8. CLASS C(USA)

9. COMBUSTIBLE
METALS
• magnesium
• sodium
• potassium
• titanium
• zirconium
• other
flammable
metals
CLASS D(USA)

10. • Kitchen fires
– Added in 1998
– Grandfathered if
installed before 1998
CLASS K(USA)

11. CLASS A(UK)

12. CLASS B(UK)

13. CLASS C(UK)
Butane, Propane,
Acetylene, Hydrogen,
Methane

14. COMBUSTIBLE
METALS
• magnesium
• sodium
• potassium
• titanium
• zirconium
• other
flammable
metals
CLASS D(UK)

15. CLASS E(UK)

16. • Kitchen fires
– Added in 1998
– Grandfathered if
installed before 1998
CLASS K(USA)

17. FIRE WILL CONTINUE UNTILL
 Fuel is removed
 Oxygen % is lowered below 11%.
 Heat is removed
 Flames are inhibited Chemically.
• Cooling
• Starvation/ isolation
• Limiting 0xygen in a fire/ Smothering
Interruption of chain reaction

18. FIRE TRIANGLE
FIRE
OXYGEN
FUEL
HEAT

19. FIRE TRIANGLE
OXYGEN
FUEL
HEAT
FIRE

20. FIRE TRIANGLE
OXYGEN
FUEL
HEAT
FIRE

21. FIRE TRIANGLE
OXYGEN
FUEL
HEAT
FIRE

22. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
DISCHARGE HOSE
DISCHARGE NOZZLE
DISCHARGE ORIFICE
BODY
DATA PLATE
CARRYING
HANDLE
PRESSURE GAUGE
(not found on CO2
extinguishers)
DISCHARGE LEVER
DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN
AND SEAL

23. PLACING FIRE EXTINGUISHER

24. How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
It’s easy to remember how to use a fire extinguisher if
you remember the acronym PASS:
 Pull
 Aim
 Squeeze
 Sweep

25. Types of Fire Extinguishers
1. Water (APW) Fire Extinguishers
Large silver fire extinguishers that
stand about 2 feet tall and weigh
about 25 pounds when full.
APW stands for
“Air-Pressurized Water.”
Filled with ordinary tap water and
pressurized air, they are essentially
large squirt guns.
Contains water and compressed gas

27. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
HOSE REEL

28. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
SPRINKLER SYSTEM

29. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
ALARMS

30. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
DETECTORS & STOBES

31. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
FIRE DOORS

32. OTHER FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION
SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS

34. EVACUATION PLAN
COMPONENTS OF AN EVACUATION
PLAN
• Emergency Control Committee - develops plan
• Emergency Crews - administer plan
• Escape routes -primary & secondary
• Maps - posted indicating escape routes, first aid kits and
extinguishers

35. EVACUATION PLAN
• Don’t panic
• Try to find a secondary exit
• Feel doors for heat with your hand
• If the door is hot, don’t open it!
• If you can’t find another exit, stay where you are
WHAT TO DO IF YOU SHOULD
BECOME TRAPPED IN A BUILDING
• Seal doors and vents to prevent smoke penetration.
• If possible call “997” and report your exact location.
• Stay low to avoid smoke and heat.

36. EVACUATION PLAN
• Fire officials (either State or Local officials)
• Office of State Buildings.
The plan should be reviewed and,
if possible, approved by
…are conducted at least once
each year, but some agencies
may require them more
frequently.
FIRE DRILLS…

37. EVACUATION PLAN
FIRE DRILLS… cont.
Remember to DOCUMENT:
• Date & time
• Employees & visitors present
• Outside meeting location
• Headcount
• Time of entire drill

38. What To Do in Case of Fire ??
• Follow the escape plan.
• Remove personnel to Muster Point.
• Leave the building or room.
1. GET Out

39. What To Do in Case of Fire ??
• Count attendance or possible casualties.
• Define class & size of fire.
• Check if it is safe to fight the fire or not.
2. GET Information

40. What To Do in Case of Fire ??
• Activate fire alarm.
• Call the fire service or let someone do it (assign standby
person).
• Give right information to the fire service.
3. GET Help

41. What To Do in Case of Fire ??
• Use the right type & size of equipment.
• Pull, Aim, Squeeze, & Sweep (PASS) the fire extinguisher.
• Keep a standby fire extinguisher with your standby person.
4. GET Fire Suppression Equipment

42. What To Do in Case of Fire ??
• GET Out
• GET Information
• GET Help
• GET Fire Suppression Equipment

43. • If the fire is on your sleeves, put your arms
at your sides and roll over and over until
the fire is out
• If you are with someone who catches on
fire, tell them not to run, and help them
put the fire out by rolling them on the
ground or using blankets or water to put
out the fire.