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Methamphetamine (meth) is a highly addictive stimulant that is prevalent among young people and men who have sex with men in the United States. It is made from toxic chemicals and often in illegal home labs. Meth use increases risky behaviors like unprotected sex and needle sharing, fueling the transmission of HIV. Users may feel invincible while high but experience severe depression and health issues after the effects wear off. Those with HIV who use meth face additional health challenges due to interactions between the drug and HIV medications. Treatment programs aim to address addiction as well as related diseases.
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Stimulants
Stimulants are a class of drugs that
elevate mood, increase feelings of well-being, and increase energy and
alertness.
Examples include cocaine, methamphetamine,
amphetamines, methylphenidate, nicotine, and MDMA
(3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), better known as “Ecstasy.”
Cocaine comes in two forms. Powder cocaine
is a hydrochloride salt, made from the leaf of the coca plant. “Crack” is a
smokeable form of cocaine that is processed with ammonia or baking soda and
water, and heated to remove the hydrochloride.
Methamphetamine is a powerful stimulant,
originally derived from amphetamine. It comes in clear crystals or powder and
easily dissolves in water or alcohol. Although most of the methamphetamine used
in the United States comes from “superlabs,” it is also made in small
laboratories using inexpensive over-the-counter and often toxic ingredients
(such as drain cleaner, battery acid, and antifreeze).
Amphetamines, such as Adderall, are
stimulants that often come in pill form and are sometimes prescribed by doctors
for medical problems, most commonly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). Amphetamines can also be abused—that is, used in a way other than as
prescribed (e.g., crushed and snorted) or used by someone without a
prescription.
Methylphenidate, such as Concerta or
Ritalin, is another medication prescribed for people with ADHD. As seen with
amphetamines, including Adderall, numerous studies have shown its effectiveness
when used as prescribed. When it is abused, however, methylphenidate can lead
to many of the same problems seen with other stimulants. Find out more about prescription
drug abuse.
Nicotine and MDMA also
are considered stimulants and are covered in separate sections on the NIDA Web
site.
Methamphetamine: updated Nov 2013
- What it is.
- How & Why people use it.
- Effects: (Physiological; Psychological; Behavioural).
- Short-term risks.
- Long-term consequences.
- Risk Reduction: (Strategies; Behaviours).
- Working with intoxication.
- Why now? Again!
- Community responses.
- Supports & Resources.
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Olfactory Mucosa:
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Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
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Finalproject
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