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Final rights theory
The document discusses different types of rights theory, including natural law, natural rights, and human rights. It notes that Cyrus the Great freed slaves in Babylon in 539 BC, establishing racial equality and freedom of religion. The document defines rights as entitlements to perform certain actions or be in certain states. It explains that human rights belong to all humans by virtue of their humanity, and are universal, inalienable, and indivisible. The document outlines different types of human rights and concepts of rights, including negative rights to noninterference and positive rights to well-being.
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Final rights theory
- 1. RIGHTS THEORY - BYSHAILESH TANWAR
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- 4. Background Cyrus theGreat, the first king of Persia, freed the slaves of Babylon, 539 B.C. “all people had the right to choose their own religion, and established racial equality”
- 5. Rights Rights areentitlements to perform certain actions, or to be in certain states; or entitlements that others perform certain actions or be in certain states.
- 6. Types Natural Law Natural Rights Human Rights
- 7. What are humanrights?
- 8. Who has humanrights? Me? You? Citizens? Non-citizens? Criminals? Minority groups? Companies? Human rights belong to all human beings by virtue of them being human
- 9. Human rights UNIVERSAL INALIENABLE INDIVISIBLE and INTERDEPENDENT
- 10. Types of humanrights 1. Absolute rights 2. Limited rights. 3. Qualified rights
- 11. Two Concept OfRights Negative Rights: Rights to Noninterference
- 12. Two Concept OfRights Positive Rights: Rights to Well-Being
- 13. Rights Based EthicsSystem: Examples The right to life The right to liberty The right to pursue happiness The right to a jury trial The right to a lawyer The right of a person to be treated with respect and dignity even after being found guilty of a crime
Editor's Notes
- #2 RT are the Moral Theories based on the concept that all people have human rights that form the justifying basis of obligations because they best express the purpose of morality
- #4 Justice scale Ethics is concerned with how we decide whether human actions are right or wrong. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that focuses on morality and the way in which moral principles are applied to everyday life. Ethics has to do with fundamental questions such as “What is fair?” “What is just?” “What is the right thing to do in this situation?”
- #5 In 539 B.C., the armies of Cyrus the Great, the first king of ancient Persia, conquered the city of Babylon. But it was his next actions that marked a major advance for Man. He freed the slaves, declared that all people had the right to choose their own religion, and established racial equality. These were recorded on a baked-clay cylinder in the Akkadian language. Known today as the Cyrus Cylinder, this ancient record has now been recognized as the world’s first charter of human rights. It is translated into all six official languages of the United Nations and its provisions parallel the first four Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- #7 natural law refers to the use of reason to analyze human nature and deduce binding rules of moral behavior. -Natural Rights: What you are born with his right to be a free man his right to own property his right to security “Natural rights” are the rights a person should get from the moment he is born. -Human Rights: Whose that the govt. decides or morals of the society give you.
- #8 background information about human rights in general Introduce / remind them of the concept of human rights ( relate to last two lessons). Ask them to translate the concept into their mother tongue Ask them to give examples of the rights that people have in our society. For example, the right to travel wherever they like, the right to live wherever they want, the right to buy whatever they want, the right to work, the right to have children, etc. Remind them that we accept these rights as normal, but that to many people in the world they are a dream
- #10 Human rights are UNIVERSAL – they belong to everybody in the world. Human rights are INALIENABLE – they cannot be taken away from people. Human rights are INDIVISIBLE and INTERDEPENDENT – all the different human rights are important for human beings to flourish and participate in society.
- #11 Absolute rights cannot be interfered with or limited in any way. Examples of absolute rights are the right not to be tortured or treated in an inhuman or degrading way and the right not to be enslaved. Limited rights can be limited in specific circumstances. An example of a limited right is the right to liberty, which can be limited, for example, where someone has been convicted of a crime by a court or is being detained because of mental health problems. Qualified rights can be interfered with in order to protect the rights of other individuals or the public interest. The majority of rights in the Human Rights Act 1998 are qualified rights. An example of a qualified right is the right to freedom of expression. For example, if a student was inciting racial hatred, their right to expression should be restricted.
- #12 force others not to interfere with your exercise of the right. (a negative right is a right not to be subjected to an action of another person or group—a government). Negative Rights examples: The right to life, construed as a negative right, obliges others not to kill you, but it does not obligate them to come to your aid if you are starving. The right to free speech, construed as a negative right, obliges others not to interfere with your free speech, but it does not obligate anyone to provide you with a microphone. Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples' physical integrity and safety; individual rights such as privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience, speech and expression, religion, the press, and movement. Politics rights: freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote. freedom of speech, private property, freedom of worship, freedom from slavery
- #13 Obligates others to provide you with positive assistance in the exercise of that right. A positive right is a right to be subjected to an action of another person or group Examples of positive rights are police protection of person and property ,economic, social and cultural rights such as food, housing, public education etc.