This document summarizes the impacts of climate change on Pakistan. It discusses how climate change is caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels which release greenhouse gases. It then outlines several ways climate change affects Pakistan, including impacts on agriculture, water scarcity, ecological fragility, and health. For agriculture, it notes increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more extreme weather events will threaten crops and small landholders. Water scarcity will increase due to changes in river flows from glacial melt and more variable rainfall. Coastal areas, mountains, and arid regions are ecologically fragile and vulnerable to climate impacts. Rising temperatures could also increase vector-borne diseases. The document concludes by suggesting some solutions like discussing climate change, volunteering

1. Impact of
GLOBAL
climate
change on
Pakistan
PRESENTATION made
BY:
Mujahid ali(46)
Explan by:
1. Dileep kumar(07)
2. Ashok malani (16)

2. INTRODUCTION
climate is the average weather in place over many years .
climate change is a shift in those average conditions.The
rapid climate change we are now seeing is caused by
humans using oil,gas and coal for their homes, factories
and transport.when these Fossil fuels burn,they release
greenhouse gases.Mistly CO2 , carbon dioxide these
gases traps the sun's heat and cause the planet 's
temperature to rise.

3. WHAT THINGS CHANGE CLIMATE IN PAKISTAN
Pakistan's climate change concerns
include increased variability of
monsoons, the likely impact of receding
Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalayan
(HKH) glaciers due to global warming
and carbon soot deposits from trans-
boundary pollution sources, threatening
water inflows into Indus River System
(IRS), severe water-stressed .
INTRODUCTION

4. Impact OF climate
change on pakistan
⮚Agriculture impact
⮚Water Scarcity
⮚Ecological Fragility
⮚Impact On Health

5. ❖ Agriculture Impact
Climate change is likely to exert adverse impacts on productive
resources and ultimately on agricultural productivity of the country. The
major climatic stresses that will exert pressure on agriculture are:
increasing temperatures in arable areas; changes in rainfall patterns
(becoming irregular and severe); increased variability of Monsoon;
changes in availability of irrigation water; severe water-stressed
conditions in Arid and Semi-arid areas; extreme events, such as floods,
droughts, heat waves, cold waves, cyclones, etc. Communities most
vulnerable to climate change in Pakistan are small land holders that form
more than 80% of the total farming community by about 6 -18%.
❖ water Scarcity
Climate Change will lead to irrigation water shortages due to
changes in river flows as a result of glacial melt. Erratic and uncertain
pattern of rainfall will affect arid and hyper-arid areas. Increased evapo-
transpiration as a result of high temperatures will increase water demand
of crops (by 10- 30%). Climate change will also affect glaciers. The
Glaciers all over the world are receding fast due to global warming.
Shrinking Glaciers have serious implications for sustainable water
supply. Glacial melt in the Himalayas is projected to increase flooding
within the next two to three decades. This will be followed by decreased
river flows as the glaciers recede. The formation of Glacial Lakes and
their outburst (GLOFs) has also been threatening the lives and livelihood
of local population.

6. particular risk from the ecological non-equilibrium are population in marginal zones, coastal,
mountain and arid areas. Communities dwelling in fragile mountainous ecosystems in the
active monsoon belt are at risk of increasing incidences of sheet erosion and landslides,
resulting in the destruction of uplands, farms and forests. These settlements are also at
danger of more frequent flooding from the accelerating rate of glacial melts and depleting
capacity of water reservoirs. Those living in coastal zones are even more vulnerable.
Swelling sea levels on the 1,130 km coastline coupled with rising sea surface temperatures
could potentially wreak havoc on many coastal towns and cities. Coastal Karachi, Pakistan’s
largest urban center, is increasingly subjected to floods and storms, resulting in the deaths
of hundreds of people. In 2007, the tropical cyclone Yemyin ravaged Sindh and Balochistan,
impacting the homes, crops and livelihoods of over a million people. The survival of
important coastal ecosystems like mangrove swamps is also under threat with the intrusion
of saline water and rising temperature. The loss of mangroves not only weakens the
protection from floods but also destroys the habitat of various species residing within the
swamps, some of which are sources of livelihood for poor communities engaged in
sustainable fishing. Rapid climate change effects can also include a possible displacement
of communities placed in the threatened ecological zones. Such effects would place greater
pressure on disaster relief agencies to reach out to growing numbers of disaster victims and
could very well suffer Pakistan with an internal crisis of uprooted millions.
Impact on Health
 In view of the forecasts for future food security, water quality, increasing heat stress and growing
frequency of natural disasters, the direct implications of Climate Change for human health are
daunting. Furthermore, vector borne Symposium on “Changing Environmental Pattern and its impact
with Special Focus on Pakistan” 111 diseases such as malaria, dengue, typhoid and cholera that are
already a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in Pakistan are climate sensitive and known to
thrive in warmer regions. An increase in epidemic potential of 12-27 percent for malaria and 31-47
percent for dengue is anticipated as a consequence of climate change scenarios. The cost of health in
Pakistan, which already exceeds a billion dollars, will keep escalating with the projected climatic

8. ❖ Deforestation
Plants are the main source of oxygen. They take in
carbon dioxide and release oxygen thereby maintaining
environmental balance. Forests are being depleted for
many domestic and commercial purposes. This has led
to an environmental imbalance, thereby giving rise to
global warming.
❖ Use of Vehicles
The use of vehicles, even for a very short distance results
in various gaseous emissions. Vehicles burn fossil fuels
which emit a large amount of carbon dioxide and other
toxins into the atmosphere resulting in a temperature
increase.
Man-made Causes of Climate Change in
Pakistan

9. ❖ Chlorofluorocarbon
With the excessive use of air conditioners and
refrigerators, humans have been adding CFCs into
the environment which affects the atmospheric
ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the earth
surface from the harmful ultraviolet rays emitted
by the sun. The CFCs has led to ozone layer
depletion making way for the ultraviolet rays,
thereby increasing the temperature of the earth.
❖ Industrial Development
With the advent of industrialization, the
temperature of the earth has been increasing
rapidly. The harmful emissions from the factories
add to the increasing temperature of the earth.

10. ❖ Agriculture
Various farming activities produce carbon dioxide and
methane gas. These add to the greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere and increase the temperature of the
earth.
❖ Overpopulation
Increase in population means more people breathing.
This leads to an increase in the level of carbon dioxide,
the primary gas causing global warming, in the
atmosphere.

11. Solution of problem and How can we
safe Pakistan?
What can we do?
We, each in our own capacity and community, have the power to take climate action. Here are some
starting ideas:
•Just talk about climate change. We don’t change what we never discuss. You can form local climate
discussion groups to start the conversation, reach out, help and support vulnerable people and take
collective action.
•We need activism, not pessimism. It takes courage to focus on a positive and action-oriented approach.
Go work for or volunteer with a local organisation working on climate change issues.
•Please reconsider piling your plates with excess food the next time you’re at a wedding or party.
Currently, 40% of the food in Pakistan goes to waste while 43% of our population is considered food
insecure. What most people don’t realise is that food waste is also a big contributor to climate change.
Methane (a powerful greenhouse gas) is emitted from rotting food in landfills. You can also help by
donating excess food to a charity or initiatives like the Robinhood Army and ‘Rizq that help redistribute it
to the needy.
•Reiterating a cliché here but it’s important: save energy. In a country like ours, where electricity supply is
intermittent and already a luxury, we must be extra mindful and turn off lights and appliances when not in
use. This can be as simple as unplugging your charger when your phone/laptop is fully charged. Plugged
devices still consume phantom power and add to your bill and the greenhouse gas emissions.
•Write about and share your ideas and work. Every climate story (whether of suffering or success)
matters. It gives other people permission to share theirs.

12. THANK
YOU
Madeby: Areeb vohra