Final PPT
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The document describes a proposed organ transport system called Heart On The Run that aims to develop an inexpensive and reliable way to transport organs over long distances globally. It discusses current organ transport limitations and proposes a portable system that uses a centrifugal pump, oxygenator, heat exchanger and other components to circulate and oxygenate donor blood outside the body to preserve organs for up to 12 hours of transport. The total proposed design cost is $3,749.98. Future plans include further development, testing and regulatory approval.
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Blood and blood products must be stored between 2-6°C to prevent bacterial growth or cell damage from freezing. They use anticoagulants like EDTA, sodium citrate, and heparin to prevent clotting during storage and transport. When transporting blood between locations in a large hospital, it must be kept in a insulated carrier to maintain the temperature below 10°C. Blood should be transfused within 30 minutes of removal from refrigerated storage.
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Arterial and venous cannulation
Oxygenator
Heat exchanger
Filter
How to conduct cpb and problems in cpb
Cardioplegia
Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass: A Brief Overview
1. Set up the circuit and prime it with electrolyte solution, colloid, and heparin.
2. Administer heparin to fully anticoagulate the patient and reach the target ACT.
3. Cannulate the arteries and veins to establish bypass between the pump oxygenator and heart-lung machine.
4. Slow the heart and commence cardiopulmonary bypass to oxygenate the blood and allow surgical intervention on the arrested heart.
Hemodialysis
The document describes the key components and functions of a hemodialysis machine. It discusses how the machine mixes dialysate, monitors blood and dialysate parameters like temperature and conductivity, pumps blood and administers anti-coagulants. It also describes how the machine controls dialysate temperature, measures blood and dialysate pressures, detects blood leaks and monitors ultrafiltration rate.
Sinz cpb
CPB provides cardiopulmonary support during cardiac surgery by diverting blood flow away from the heart and through an external circuit that oxygenates the blood and returns it. John Gibbon performed the first successful open heart surgery using CPB in 1953. The key components of a CPB circuit include a venous reservoir, oxygenator, heat exchanger, pump, and arterial filter. Membranous oxygenators are now most commonly used due to reduced blood trauma compared to bubble oxygenators. Proper priming of the circuit is also important for safe initiation of CPB.
cardioplegia delivery management, perfusion safety
This document discusses perfusion safety in cardioplegia delivery management. It covers:
1. The importance of safety in perfusion to protect patients' lives and avoid negative consequences.
2. Definitions of cardioplegia as the paralysis of the heart during cardiac surgery using chemicals or electricity.
3. Guidelines for safely managing cardioplegia delivery, including preparing accurate solutions, checking the cardioplegia circuit and roller pump calibration, and monitoring temperature, pressure, flow and volume during delivery.
EMBOLISM AND FILTERS USED IN CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
FILTERS USED IN CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
EMBOLISM
DEFINITION: obstruction of an artery, by a clot of blood or an air bubble.
This emboli is categorized to
Biological emboli
Foreign emboli
Gaseous emboli
There are current technologies to decrease this embolic event delivered to patient
Membrane oxygenators
FILTER
Blood surface coating
Bubble traps
Emboli detection system
Blood Filters
Depth filters
Consist of packed fibers of Dacron wool or
polyurethane foam .
No defined pore size
These filters have large wetted surface
areas to filter the blood by absorption , they are effective in
trapping gross bubbles.
Screen filters
composed of a woven
mesh of polyester fibers
defined pore sizes
From 20 -40 μm
(all of the arterial line filters used are the screen type)
Cardiopulmonary Bypass overview for beginners
This document provides an overview of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), including its history, components of the modern CPB machine, and the CPB procedure. Some key points:
- John Heysham Gibbon Jr. performed the first successful open heart surgery using total cardiopulmonary bypass in 1953.
- The main components of the modern CPB machine include the systemic pump, oxygenator, venous reservoir, and arterial filter.
- CPB allows for an open, bloodless field during cardiac surgery by taking over the functions of the heart and lungs. Various techniques like hypothermia, cardioplegia, and venting are used to protect the heart during bypass.
Basic Principle of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB).pptx
Rafiq Sumardi Omar, BSN, RN, G-CVTS, Malaysia-CCP, Level 5 Cardiovascular Perfusionist, MMed, PhD, is a distinguished expert in the field of cardiovascular perfusion. His lecture on the "Basic Principle of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB)" covers essential concepts and techniques critical to the effective management of CPB procedures. This topic is fundamental for understanding how blood circulation and oxygenation are maintained during heart surgery, ensuring patient safety and successful surgical outcomes.
oxygenators-copy-200308141605.pptx
The document discusses oxygenators and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). It describes the components of CPB including pumps (roller, centrifugal), oxygenators (bubble, membrane), and heat exchangers. Membrane oxygenators are now most commonly used. The circuits, cannulation sites, prime fluid composition, and goals of CPB to replace cardiac and pulmonary function during surgery are also summarized. CPB is used for cardiac surgery while extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used for longer term support and ventricular assist devices (VAD) support only cardiac function.
blood and blood products
Blood and blood products were presented. Key points included:
1. Blood functions to transport vital substances throughout the body.
2. Blood typing and cross-matching must be done correctly to avoid transfusion reactions.
3. Several blood products exist including packed red blood cells, platelets, and plasma derivatives that are used to treat different conditions.
4. Blood transfusions can have complications and must only be done when necessary following all safety protocols.
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cardioplegia delivery management, perfusion safety
cardioplegia delivery management, perfusion safety
EMBOLISM AND FILTERS USED IN CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
EMBOLISM AND FILTERS USED IN CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Basic Principle of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB).pptx
Basic Principle of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB).pptx
Final PPT
- 2. Stand Strong Medicals Heart On The Run
- 3. People die waiting for a heart transplant Donor and recipient are often geographically too far Current methods for organ transportation are insufficient Motivation Active options are too expensive to be viable
- 4. 1 in every 4 deaths 610,000 Deaths every year in the US Leading cause of death in North America Approximately 23% of all deaths 25% of Mortality rate for people waiting for a transplant . Patient Donor
- 6. Picnic Cooler Life Cradle OCS
- 7. OUR MISSION PRESENTATION TO DEVELOP AN INEXPENSIVE AND RELIABLE ORGAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM WITH GLOBAL REACH
- 8. System Requirements • Flow Rate: - 5 L/min • Low Hemolysis and Thrombosis • Priming Volume - <1.5 liters • Pressure @ Vena Cava – 150 mmHg • Biocompatible Materials Flow and Volume • Clean blood to safe specifications • Provide Nutrients required Filter • Maintain at – 34 ± 0.5 C • Keep a low temperature gradient in the heart muscle • Low Hemolysis and Thrombosis Temperature • Provide 6 mL/min of oxygen (arrested) • Low Hemolysis and Thrombosis Oxygenator
- 9. How it Works
- 10. Flow and Volume Medtronic Affinity Centrifugal Pump • 5 L/min (adjustable) • Adjustable RPM • Low priming volume (40mL) • Very low hemolysis and Thrombosis (1.6gHG in 12 hours) • Carmeda BioActive Surface Coating (enhanced compatibility) System Pressure • 400 mmHg at pump output • 150 mmHg at Vena Cava • 90 mmHg at left ventricle • Regulators to reduce pressures Tube Materials • PVC Tube • Average tube diameter – 2 cm • Tube priming – 405 mL Passive Blood Reservoir • System uses donor blood • Blood reservoir to accommodate for any loss in blood • Active valve allows addition of blood when needed • No reservoir receiving blood Input Coated Impeller Seal
- 11. Priming Volume Component Volume (mL) Pump 40 Tubing 405 Pipe Heater 0 Heat Exchanger 90 Fan 0 Oxygenator 150 TOTAL VOLUME 685 mL
- 12. Filter Waste Removal • In vivo waste production is an issue due to skeletal and smooth muscle waste Waste Production by the Heart • Ex vivo main waste produced by heart is only CO2 Disadvantages • Weight • Cost • Maintained • Priming volume
- 13. Temperature Temperature • Desired heart temperature – 34 C • Reduces metabolic consumptions • Lower oxidative stresses Blood Heating • ULTRAMIC ceramic heater • Small and efficient • No contact with blood – no sterilization needed • No priming volume • Maximum blood flow – depends on tube Air Heating • Initially, air is heated during system priming • Eliminates temperature gradient in heart muscle • Avoids dehydration of the surface of the heart • Initial air temp is maintained using a heat exchanger • Achieved by a common fan
- 14. Oxygenation Medtronic Fusion Affinity Oxygenator • Priming volume – 150 mL • Membrane surface area – 2.5 m 𝟐 • Flow rate – 1 to 7 L/min • Maximum Pressure – 750 mmHg • Membrane – Microporous Polypropylene Hollow Fiber • Carmeda biocompatible surface coating System Oxygen Exchange Rates • Maximum O2 Flowrate - 300 mL O2/min • Required O2 flowrate – 6 mL O2/min O2 O2
- 15. Sensors Temperature • Exor-6B for flow temperature • Ultra Electronics Thermocouple for air chamber monitoring Pressure • Introtek Pressure – Occlusion detector • Non invasive Flow • BioPro TT Flow Track • Measures flow rate and velocity • Ultrasonic (non invasive)
- 16. Component Cost Analysis Component Name Manufacturer Price Per Pump Affinity Centrifugal Pump Medtronic $206.00 Tubing - - $30..00 Pipe Heater Ceramic Pipe Heater Ultramic $490.00 Heat Exchanger Stainless Steel AS06 Lytron Direct $614.00 Fan Fan6X1 Deep Cool $9.99 Oxygenator Fusion Affinity Medtronic $900.00 Sensors Various Various $250.00 Casing - University of Ottawa $249.99 Miscellaneous Various Various $1000.00 GRAND TOTAL $ 3749.98
- 17. Future Endeavors CFD Analysis H.C/FDA Approval for Animal Trials Size and Energy Optimization H.C/FDA Approval For Human Trials Push to Global Market Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting.
- 18. Global Reach • Transports the heart up to 12 hours Maintains Heart Condition • Avoids thrombosis, hemolysis, and deterioration of the heart muscle by providing all required elements Inexpensive • Total design cost: $3749.98 Conclusion
- 19. Contact Us Address University of Ottawa 800 King Edward Ave., Ottawa, ON Phone & Fax Mobile : +1 613 33 HEART Social Media facebook.com/HeartOnTheRun twitter.com/HeartOnTheRun youtube.com/cHeartOnTheRun
- 20. Thanks for Your Time
Editor's Notes
- CHANGE ICON
- Talk about each a little design advantages disadvantages