The document discusses optical wavelength measurement fundamentals and techniques. It provides an overview of Yokogawa's optical spectrum analyzer product line and covers topics like wavelength theory, fiber handling guidelines, and measurement principles of techniques like spectrometers, optical spectrum analyzers, and optical wavelength meters. Key factors to consider when selecting an optical spectrum analyzer like wavelength range, resolution, accuracy, and dynamic range are also reviewed.
Aq7275 Hướng dẫn sử dụng máy đo sợi cáp quang Yokogawa otdrMr Calvin Pham
Máy đo sợi cáp quang OTDR model AQ7275 là dòng máy đo chuẩn và chính xác trên thị trường. Tuổi thọ Pin của máy đo cao, dễ dàng thay thế và sữa chữa
tham khảo chi tiết tại : www.phukienquang.net
This is a fiber optic cable testing device that injects a series of optical pulses into the fiber under test and extracts, from the same end of the fiber, light that is scattered The strength of the return pulses is measured and integrated as a function of time, and plotted as a function of fiber length. which is called TRACE
Submarine line termination equipment (SLTE) for open cablesADVA
Jörg-Peter Elbers’ NGON and DCI World presentation explored the specifics around open cables, technology developments and the implications for enhanced networking performance. The open cables concept for subsea transport was discussed as well as methods for the navigation and management of open cables and the key performance metrics for determining success.
OTDR(OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER)Shail Mishra
OTDR, OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER, How to calculate link budget, Basic of Wavelength, FTTH Network, Working Principle of OTDR, OTDR BASIC PARAMETER.
Aq7275 Hướng dẫn sử dụng máy đo sợi cáp quang Yokogawa otdrMr Calvin Pham
Máy đo sợi cáp quang OTDR model AQ7275 là dòng máy đo chuẩn và chính xác trên thị trường. Tuổi thọ Pin của máy đo cao, dễ dàng thay thế và sữa chữa
tham khảo chi tiết tại : www.phukienquang.net
This is a fiber optic cable testing device that injects a series of optical pulses into the fiber under test and extracts, from the same end of the fiber, light that is scattered The strength of the return pulses is measured and integrated as a function of time, and plotted as a function of fiber length. which is called TRACE
Submarine line termination equipment (SLTE) for open cablesADVA
Jörg-Peter Elbers’ NGON and DCI World presentation explored the specifics around open cables, technology developments and the implications for enhanced networking performance. The open cables concept for subsea transport was discussed as well as methods for the navigation and management of open cables and the key performance metrics for determining success.
OTDR(OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER)Shail Mishra
OTDR, OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER, How to calculate link budget, Basic of Wavelength, FTTH Network, Working Principle of OTDR, OTDR BASIC PARAMETER.
Construction of cables
Parts of a cable
Properties of cable insulators
Properties of conductors
Types of cables
Underground cables
Methods of laying underground cables
Types of cable faults
Comparison between overhead and underground cables
A case of intermittent exotropia by Krishna BanjadeKrishna Banjade
Intermittent exotropia is the most common type of strabismus in India, also known as "Intermittent divergent squint."
This PPT gives us the clear idea about different types of intermittent exotropia and the importance of patch test to differentiate basic X(T) from pseudodivergence X(T)
Optical coherence tomography angiography optovue a very basic lecture detailing the new advancement of dyeless angiography by spectral domain OCT system and SSADA and Motion correction algorithm
Improved Inspection of Composite Wind Turbine Blades with Accessible, Advanc...Olympus IMS
This presentation from ECNDT 2018 reviews the following topics:
Description of wind turbine blades
How ultrasonic phased array inspection works
The detection capabilities of ultrasonic phased array technology
The productivity of ultrasonic phased array technology
Conclusions
Construction of cables
Parts of a cable
Properties of cable insulators
Properties of conductors
Types of cables
Underground cables
Methods of laying underground cables
Types of cable faults
Comparison between overhead and underground cables
A case of intermittent exotropia by Krishna BanjadeKrishna Banjade
Intermittent exotropia is the most common type of strabismus in India, also known as "Intermittent divergent squint."
This PPT gives us the clear idea about different types of intermittent exotropia and the importance of patch test to differentiate basic X(T) from pseudodivergence X(T)
Optical coherence tomography angiography optovue a very basic lecture detailing the new advancement of dyeless angiography by spectral domain OCT system and SSADA and Motion correction algorithm
Improved Inspection of Composite Wind Turbine Blades with Accessible, Advanc...Olympus IMS
This presentation from ECNDT 2018 reviews the following topics:
Description of wind turbine blades
How ultrasonic phased array inspection works
The detection capabilities of ultrasonic phased array technology
The productivity of ultrasonic phased array technology
Conclusions
As the use of fiber in premise networks continues to grow, so do the requirements for testing and certifying it. An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an electronic-optical instrument used to characterize optical fibers. It locates defects and faults, and determines the amount of signal loss at any point in an optical fiber. This article describes how an OTDR works and the key specifications that should be considered when choosing an OTDR.
ADCMT Optical Power Meter 8230
The 8230 is a handheld optical power meter, which is most suitable for R&D and production of LDs, optical pickups, and drives for optical disks. Threre are nine kinds of optical sensors with different shapes (thin-type, cylindrical-type) are available. The three-wavelength optical sensors 82314B, 82324B and 82314BW are capable of measuring 405nm, 650nm, 780nm wavelength ranges. The blue-violet optical sensors 82312B and 82322B have realized a flat wavelength sensitivity characteristic and low dependency on an angle of incidence in the 405 nm range. The high-power optical sensors 82313B and 82323B enable high-power measurement of up to 200 mW. The main body that has 5½ digits and 0.001dB resolution display can obtain measurement data easily by using the USB interface installed as standard.
Three-wavelength optical sensors covering 405/650/780nm
https://www.n-denkei.com/singapore/inquiry/
Duma Optronics: Electro-Optical and Laser Instrumentation Technology DumaOptronicsLtd
Duma Optronics is a well established and rapidly growing company that specializes in Electro-Optical and laser instrumentation technology. This slideshow features: high power beam analysis, positioning and alignment, beam analysis and electronic autocollimator. Learn more at http://duma.co.il/.
Data, Data, Everywhere...GA10 Brings It All TogetherYokogawa1
Today, data is everywhere. Collected by a multitude of sensors and devices, most organizations have plenty of data. The question becomes, “What should you do with it all?” In steps Yokogawa’s GA10 Data Logging Software. GA10 acquires data from various instruments via communications, such as EtherNet, Modbus, and OPC-UA, and enables centralized monitoring and recording of data from a PC or remote location. With all your data in the same place, users can make real time decisions while monitoring standard or custom dashboards, receive automatic reports, send email or alarm notifications to maintenance personnel, and much more. Let’s put your data to work, when you bring it all together, with GA10!
In this webinar, we will:
• Share best practices for monitoring, recording, and transferring data
• Challenges in data acquisition and how Yokogawa can help
• Demonstrate GA10 Data Logging Software capabilities:
Seamlessly connect Yokogawa and 3rd party devices
Easily create projects and standard or custom dashboards
Generate automatic reports, notifications, alarms, and emails
Chromatography is introduced to us from a very young age; from marker and coffee filter art projects to the simple black ink separation. All of which the pigments wick from the papers are different speeds when dipped into water, showing the various types of pigments. Chromatography is based on this originally when it was first used for the synthetic dye industry in the early 1990s as Chromatography means color measurement.
This one-hour session covers chromatography basics and explains what makes up a process gas chromatograph that is used today.
We will dive into:
Different types of sample injection methods.
What and how a separation column works.
Basic rules of thumbs for best practice.
An Economic X-ray of Digital TransformationYokogawa1
Recent dynamic market changes and uncertain business environments have placed a sharp focus on digital transformation (DX). DX initiatives must clearly align with business strategies and have a clear vision of where, and how, they add value in terms of enhanced profitability, capital efficiency and license to operate. Focusing on enhanced profitability, we start with a simple refresh of the “Profit & Loss” or income statement and demonstrate how it is impacted by DX initiatives, thereby demonstrating how money is made and lost. These general concepts are reinforced with several real-life examples across the upstream, refining and bulk chemical sectors. Through this exercise, conclusions are drawn on where DX has the greatest immediate impact.
Using A Unique, Next Generation APC Solution To Address Common Problems In Th...Yokogawa1
Shell Chemical's Geismar plant is the largest alpha olefins producer in the world. Being ready, situationally aware and making the right decisions only guarantees success with efficient and effective operational execution. This presentation will profile a series of unique ways to solve common multi-variable process control challenges often encountered in chemical processing units. Several examples will be given that were used at Shell’s Geismar facility to drive superior efficiency and productivity savings.
Open Process Automation: Status of the O-PAS™ Standard, Conformance Certifica...Yokogawa1
Today, end users in the energy and chemical industries must work with and integrate multiple proprietary systems in almost every process plant or facility. These systems include manufacturing execution systems (MES), distributed control systems (DCS), human-machine interfaces (HMI), programmable logic controllers (PLC) and inputs/outputs (I/O). These multiple proprietary systems, and the integration thereof, result in elevated capital costs on new projects and high total cost of ownership through the asset lifecycle, especially in the operation and maintenance of such systems. The Open Process Automation™ Forum (OPAF) is an international forum of end users, system integrators, suppliers, academia, and standards organizations who are working together to develop the specifications for open process control systems. OPAF’s goal is to enable more open and modular systems that supports integration of best-in-class components. This architecture will provide both configuration and application portability across components from different suppliers, thereby reducing system capital cost and total cost of ownership. The vision is a standards-based, open, secure and interoperable process control architecture that reduces the cost of control system upgrades and replacements, as well as removes barriers to technology insertion, with adaptable cybersecurity designed in. This keynote presentation will outline the Open Process Automation initiative, standard and status of industry prototyping, as well as share evidence of commercialization.
The Value-driven Approach to Digitalizing Assets and their Supply ChainsYokogawa1
Facilities must pursue the agile optimization of feedstocks and other inputs with products and operations to reflect market demand and prices. This is how the demand-pull business model is achieved and a measurable change in profitability delivered. This presentation will showcase why a mindset shift to value chain optimization is needed, as well as the deliberate approach needed to digitally transform value chain optimization activities. The value chain digital twin combining traditional solutions and AI will be profiled, along with the first steps that need to be taken, now.
The Role And Evolution Of Advanced Analytics In The Process IndustriesYokogawa1
To improve a plant’s operation, it is important to understand it’s potential for improvement so that the right actions can be taken. Plant data and advanced analytics are the keys to maximizing plant performance. This keynote presentation will highlight the role of advanced analytics and its evolution in the years to come.”
The Digital Twin For Production OptimizationYokogawa1
Digitalization is fundamental to the development of Repsol’s strategy for the future. To meet emerging challenges, the business units have developed an ambitious program comprising multiple projects. Within Repsol’s Industrial Business, development of a refinery digital twin leads the digitalization program. The digital twin allows the business to maximize production while optimizing energy consumption. This session will explore the digital twin project objectives to improve the accuracy and scope of the Refinery LP model that the Programming and Planning departments use to make decisions regarding crude feedstock purchasing and refinery unit operations. It will also report on the context of the business goals achieved, the technology and architecture developed, and the connectivity deployed to communicate results. It will conclude with a description of how enhancements to existing technology work with new technologies to improve value.
Multi-Site Optimization To Drive Value Creation In ChevronYokogawa1
The vision should be one of an asset, or portfolio of assets, that exists in the context of, and is synchronized with, its supply chains and surrounding business environment. The asset(s) together with its supply chain should continuously respond in unison to market signals, disturbances, and optimize holistically. Since the early 1980s Chevron has developed and continued to enhance its proprietary linear programming (LP) technology, Petro, to select the most profitable raw materials, evaluate product options, optimize refinery processes, and promote efficient capital investments across its global refining network. Key to this has been the use of Petro, with its highly efficient multi-location modeling methodology, to optimize raw materials and product supplies between refinery sites. This presentation will showcase how Chevron drives transformational value through multi-site optimization, and how development of associated people and business processes have accompanied evolution of the technology.
Keeping PACE with Advanced Process ControlYokogawa1
The pace was set to start APC sustainability, the software was chosen and the initial implementation was validated. This presentation will focus on how the company is approaching the upgrades, the training of new engineers, the benefits and results from it and the next steps to improve controls and stakeholders reliability.
Yokogawa’s DX and Smart Manufacturing Vision for Building our FutureYokogawa1
DX is the novel use of digital technology to accelerate companies' business strategies and business goals, not technology for technology’s sake. Digitalization and digital transformation involve business and workflow changes, adjustment of enterprise operations and business transformation. But to decide what digital applications and capabilities are required, business value drivers and the various digital challenges that contribute to operational excellence must be mapped out. Once these are known and understood, a holistic approach can be undertaken to drive triple bottom line performance in terms of people, planet and profit. Partners who have domain knowledge and best practices in the industry, are one of our key success factors. This keynote presentation will outline Yokogawa's vision for digital transformation of the energy and chemical industry to achieve their smart manufacturing goals. In doing so demonstrating Yokogawa's commitment to achieving net-zero emissions, making a transition to a circular economy, and ensuring the well-being of all.
Business Model Disruption - The Step-wise Transition to Remote OperationsYokogawa1
Many assets have reached the “point of diminishing returns” in their pursuit of optimization benefits using conventional business models. To reach the next horizon of value, these assets must undergo digital process re-engineering, digital re-organization and digital business transformation. In many cases, the entire operations management system needs to be re-written and re-implemented. The first step in transitioning to a new operating model involves defining the end-state and achieving a step-wise approach toward it. That end state might be a centralized optimization center, remote integrated operations center, minimal manning facility, or a fully automated facility. The internal rate of return (IRR) associated with the transition to remote operations depends on the extent to which operating cost savings can be traded for capital investment. Through various case studies, this session will explore the key considerations in making a successful transition and the important factors driving IRR variability and operational risk.
A New Digital Maintenance Platform in a Large Petrochemical Facility to Ident...Yokogawa1
Every day, asset management teams must reliably deliver the highest predictable availability at the lowest cost. The focus should be on providing information and understanding directly to decision makers–human or machine–in a way that drives the business as a whole to make improvements. Braskem operates a very large petrochemical complex in Camacari, Bahia, Brazil that produces ethylene, polyethylene and PVC, and other chemicals. The site has recently embarked on a project to implement a digital maintenance platform to deliver enhanced situational awareness and decision support. The presentation will showcase the goals of the project and how the platform will gather data from a variety of sources in a secure manner. It will describe the automation tools, databases, manual inputs, event sorting, data modeling, and data science to deliver the intended outcomes.
Shift team effectiveness: Don't bother if you can't change "shop floor" shift...Yokogawa1
Overall shift team effectiveness is critical, but especially shift handover activities. Shift teams are at the point of manufacture and hold the keys to plant and equipment safety, reliability, production and product quality, as well as operational discipline. Shift handovers take just 5% of operational time, but account for around 40% of plant incidents. So if you want your digital transformation (DX) initiatives to succeed, you need to think like an operator–to empathize and gain credibility with those on the shop floor–and to translate the DX agenda into their language. Only through this can a true changing of ways occur. This session will showcase a proven shift team effectiveness model comprising four key areas and sub-components–organizational capability, work environment, information and technology, and operating practices–and how they all need to work in tandem with each other. A case study will demonstrate how these areas should be leveraged to ensure safety, reliability and production information effortlessly flow in, and out, of the shift team to the various support departments.
Adversity Drives Innovation and Enterprise Resilience to Best Leverage a Hist...Yokogawa1
In most plants, process data is generated by various OT systems such as the DCS or SCADA, blending systems, dosing systems, fault detection systems, smart instruments, etc. Enterprise process historians should be the system of record for all operating data and should support achieving a ‘single source of truth’ for the plant. The desire to have a single source of truth for all data types that can be consumed in decision making and execution is driving IT/OT convergence. How enterprise process historians are leveraged, both on-site and remotely, is crucial for business continuity and advancement toward increasingly autonomous operations. This presentation will showcase how new processes and techniques around remote monitoring, data extraction and advanced analytics enabled Kuraray to maintain situational awareness and visibility into key plant operations whilst social distancing during COVID-19.
Improved Upstream Production Efficiency with Remote Optimization Centers, Fie...Yokogawa1
To climb down the cost curve, upstream companies need to fundamentally change how they operate – technology, people and processes. The industry has reached close to the maximum threshold on the number of individual point solution applications (and associated processes and siloed departments) that are in use today. To remain relevant and thrive, upstream companies must firstly buy time, then digitalize and lastly, position more effectively for the energy transition. This means taking a “systems thinking” approach that focuses on the way that a production system’s constituent parts interrelate, how they work over time and within the context of larger systems. This presentation will outline the role of field-wide models, which when operationalized with real-time data, result in a digital twin that is highly effective in achieving production system optimization. These models when run in the Cloud, then enable the remote optimization center and generate synthetic data able to train AI algorithms for machine learning with limitless potential.
Transforming Decision Making in Scheduling of Terminal OperationsYokogawa1
Terminals are mission critical assets for effecting mass transfers, exploiting arbitrage opportunities, blending, mopping up errors and inaccuracies in supply chain planning, amongst others, across the hydrocarbon processing value chain. Effective scheduling of terminal operations is required to handle timing, sizing, allocation and sequencing decisions involved in connecting the "ideal" (production plan) to the "real-world" (the operation), with its various subtleties, nuances and non-linearities. Complex decision-making is required to make money. It involves the development of a detailed (executable) plan that is able to implement the operations strategy from the planning process, running the asset(s) up against physical and logistical constraints. As a result, schedulers must deal with a large number of inter-related alternatives with high implications in business performance. Wrong moves in the decision chain can set the execution path towards costly disruptions. Only through combinatorial optimization algorithms can this complexity be simplified. This presentation will show how these algorithms can be incorporated into practical business applications and made available to extend the capabilities of scheduling personnel way beyond what can be achieved with current methods. The value captured and how it is achieved will be demonstrated using actual applications in LNG Regasification, Crude Oil Supply and Primary Distribution operations.
Contributing to the Development and Application of Cybersecurity StandardsYokogawa1
As security threats evolve and adapt, so too must organizations’ responses to them. The development and application of cybersecurity standards in support of current and new generation industrial automation and control systems (IACS) are of fundamental importance. This presentation will provide practical and useful information on how cybersecurity standards are progressing and how they are applied. The initial focus will be on current activities in the development of the IEC 62443 IACS cybersecurity standards, and implications to the various stakeholders. An illustration will describe how to use the standards to frame the development of secure-by-design products and services, both current and future. Thereafter, the focus will shift to how IEC 62443 standards are used by other industry standards and securing IIoT and associated cloud systems. This is of particular importance in the context of the Open Process Automation Standard (O-PAS).
Asia NOC Bridges Business-wide Performance Objectives and KPIs through an Adv...Yokogawa1
Misalignment and conflicting performance objectives between management and front line operators is the root cause of a lot of profit erosion. Businesses need systematic ways to align senior management objectives and operating KPIs. This presentation will demonstrate how a National Oil Company in Asia utilized data analytics and KPI trees with drill-down capabilities to systematically align performance objectives and KPIs in its gas processing division to achieve profit driven operations. The presentation will also highlight how first principles digital twins can be incorporated to serve as a soft sensor to deliver further accuracy and rigour.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
17. 17
Precision Making
17
Basic fiber handling
§ Always remember to Clean Connector Ends
Normal Dusty Oil Covered Scratched
Why is this important?
Dirty/Damaged connectors o3en results in false readings and could easily be
transferred to the ma9ng connector or test instrument.
18. 18
Precision Making
Fiber Connectors and Polishes
§ Fiber Connector Types:
§ FC: (AKA Frank Charlie) Most popular (>90%) for Lab use
for reliable “Threaded On” connection
§ SC: (AKA Sam Charlie) Most popular (>90%) for Field Use
for easy “Click On/Off” feature
§ Others include: ST, LC, and Multi-Fiber (Ribbon)
§ Connector Polishes determine Back Reflection
§ Flat: FC/PC , SC/PC
§ Angled: FC/APC, SC/APC (Denoted by Green)
Why is this important?
Connec9ng an Angle connector to a Flat connector, could damage the ma9ng
connector…poten9ally disastrous if that connector is inside the test instrument.
19. 19
Precision Making
Fiber Types
§ Singlemode: 9/125um (um = “micron” =10E-6 meters)
Single mode Cables usually have a YELLOW jacket
§ Multi-mode: 50/125um, 62.5/125um
50/125 = 50um Core, 125um Cladding Diameter
§ Multi-mode Cables usually have an ORANGE jacket
§ Others core sizes may be much larger for visible light
§ 100um, 200um, 800um etc.
19
Why is this important?
Matching the wrong fiber type to the device under test or test equipment will
almost always provide false readings.
44. 44
Precision Making
Key Factors to consider for an OSA
TOP TEN CHECK LIST
1. Wavelength Range
2. Resolution
3. Accuracy
4. Level Sensitivity
5. Dynamic Range
6. Sweep Speed
7. Cost/Value
8. Optical Interface
9. Operational Interface
10. Long-term Reliability/Support
44
Performance
Considera/ons
Addi/onal
Considera/ons
46. 46
Precision Making
Wavelength resolution is defined as the FWHM of a line spectrum
Wavelength resolution controlled by the width of the slit opening
Narrower slit width
= Smaller resolu9on value
Line spectrum
Input
Slit
Wider slit width
= Greater resolu9on value
3dB (FWHM)
Wavelength
Power
Resolu9on width
Defini9on of wavelength
resolu9on
2: Wavelength Resolution
48. 48
Precision Making
Internal Calibra<on Source
CAL point
1530.3714nm
• The light from an EE-LED source is passed through a gas
absorp9on cell (the acetylene gas cell), the resul9ng light
is collated and passed onto the OSA.
• Calibra9on with gas absorp9on lines has the advantage
that such lines are natural constants and have an accuracy
of ± 0.6pm.
• The OSA can then be accurately calibrated to the
wavelength of one of the lines.
Acetylene Gas
Absorption Cell
Broadband
Source
(EE-LED)
Calibration
output
Block Diagram of Calibration output
Spectrum of calibration output
3: Wavelength Accuracy
50. 50
Precision Making
Wavelength
Level
[dB]
Actual Spectrum
Spectrum on OSA
Higher
D/R
Lower
D/R
Point
The waveform changes
due to the Close-in
dynamic range.
Resolution
When the Close-in D/R is high.D/R:Dynamic Range
When the
close-in D/R
is low
Why should you care about Dynamic Range?
Important to see “true shape” of actual spectrum
5: Dynamic Range5: Dynamic Range
53. 53
Precision Making
7: Cost/Value
§ Carefully weigh the true cost vs. performance factors
§ Some manufacturers practice “creative specmanship” to create a false
impression of equivalent performance thus buyer beware!
§ We have tools, detailed comparison info to help various individual cases
53
Sensi&vity Condi&ons
AQ6370D: -90dBm Average: 1
Compe&tor: -90dBm Average: 10
Truth: Compe&tor provides only -85dBm without averaging and may take 40x longer to achieve -90dBm
Yokogawa Compe<tor
54. 54
Precision Making
54
8 Optical Interface
§ Recall the 3 concerns from FO Basics earlier
1) Cleaning Fibers
Dirty/Damaged connectors o3en results in false readings and
could easily be transferred to the ma9ng connector or test
instrument.
2) Correct Fiber Type
Matching the wrong fiber type to the device under test or test
equipment will almost always provide false readings.
3) Never Connect Angle Polish to Flat Polish
Connec9ng an Angle connector to a Flat connector, could
damage the ma9ng connector…poten9ally disastrous if that
connector is inside the test instrument.
57. 57
Precision Making
57
Designed specifically for Yokogawa Free Space input to
improve
n Dynamic range (SNR) for passive component tes<ng
n Level stability for ac<ve device tes<ng
Principle of NA Adapter
Inside of the monochromator
Most of the beam can pass the input slit.
The outer por9on of the bean is rejected
by the input silt of monochromator.
Direct output
Through the adapter
Op9cal fiber
(GI50/125um)
Op9cal fiber
(GI50/125um)
735383-A001
NA conversion adapter
NA: 0.2
NA: 0.1
58. 58
Precision Making
Numerical Aperture Vs Level error
ISSUE:
Standard 9UM Singlemode fiber has ~.105 NA, but MM fiber is about double that value
60. 60
Precision Making
60
Bener level stability in ac9ve device test
Benefits of NA Adapter
With Adapter
With Adapter
Direct output
DFB-LD Spectrum (GI 50/125 µm)
Direct output
With the direct output of mul9mode fiber, there are cases where a measured level becomes
unstable by change of fiber form because of the speckle effect by modal interference.
The NA conversion adapter can resolve the above issue and improves the level measurement
stability by efficiently coupling the output beam with the monochromator.
EE-LED Spectrum (GI 50/125 µm)
u Level fluctua9on by change of fiber form u Ripple on LED spectrum
Fluctuates
about 2 dB
61. 61
Precision Making
§ User Control
§ Mouse Driven GUI (Point and click screen bunons and trace zoom)
§ Same bunon menu as previous gen. Ando OSAs
§ Remote Control
§ Ethernet, GPIB, Serial ports
§ Mul9ple command compa9bility: SCPI + Ando
§ Labview Drivers (Free online)
§ Remote Viewer applica9on so3ware
9: Operational Interface
61
63. 63
Precision Making
63
Yokogawa founded in 1915
● First products were Electric Voltmeters
● Focused on Test Equipment for over 100 yrs
● 18,000+ employees worldwide
● Grown to over $4 Billion USD revenue
● Global operations in 50+ countries
Ando Electric acquisition in 2004
● Leader in Optical Test Equipment Innovation
AQ6317B
OSA
1930s
Voltmeter
Century Old Establishment = Stability & Longevity
10: Long term Reliability & Support
