The trailer summarizes the documentary's exploration of the still unsolved murders of rappers Tupac Shakur and Biggie Smalls. It shows archive footage of the two rappers as well as those connected to them like Suge Knight. Several people interviewed claim Suge Knight and corrupt police were behind the killings, suggesting an organized criminal conspiracy. The documentary aims to uncover the truth of who orchestrated the drive-by shootings and why, providing closure to the victims' families.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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2. • Trailer opens straight up to footage of the city skyline
(Presumably Brooklyn, New York, as Biggie Smalls was
born there and an influential rapper from the area)
before showing people holding signs of the Notorious
B.I.G’s face saying ‘Big Poppa’ – Most likely, in support of
him and the ‘West Coast’ as the voice speaking says “…
East Coast, West Coast. East Coast was Puffy, West Coast
was Suge Knight. East Coast was Biggie, West Coast was
Tupac”. This immediately reinforces the idea that this
feud between the East and West Coasts was very
distinctive and everybody knew which side they were on
and who they supported.
• Shows various archive footage to reinforce the voice, i.e.
Tupac at an awards ceremony, Suge Knight (below, the
owner of Death Row Records and the alleged planner
behind both rappers’ deaths) and people rapping in the
streets.
• Then cuts to Biggie Smalls’ mother, Voletta Wallace,
surrounded by artwork of her son and saying “… Come
on, you’re messing with people’s lives here.”
• This broad statement could mean anything in the
context of this documentary, however, the way that it is
delivered in contrast to all the archive footage is done in
a way that is attention-grabbing.
3. • Shot of cameraman, possibly Nick Broomfield,
knocking on a door. When answered, the man inside
says “… You was just knockin’ like you was scared,
man.” and then laughs. This shows that the man is
obviously nervous about being here, suggesting it is a
dangerous subject for him to be looking into.
• Follows up with more archive/home-made footage
of Tupac joking and laughing with friends, possibly to
show Tupac in a good light, as many people do see
him.
• Possibly to also reinforce the idea that his death was
especially tragic or happened too soon.
• Tupac’s joke also references a well-known fictional
figure, Scarface, and his infamous line “Say hello to
my little friend!”. Scarface is arguably one of Al
Pacino’s most famous roles.
• Additionally, an
aspect of rap was
the emphasis on
being a ‘gangster’
and rising from the
bottom, so
Scarface would
serve as an
inspiration to those
in this mind-set.
4. • A lot of the scene changes are punctuated by a
gunshot to symbolise how both rappers died (in drive-by
shootings) and the sound of DJ Turntable scratching,
which was a common instrumental sound in 90s rap, is
heard periodically throughout.
• Shows Biggie Smalls’ stating “… Even though we had our
drama I would never wish death on nobody. Know what
I’m sayin’? ‘Cause there ain’t no comin’ back from that.”
showing that, possibly, he thought of the feud as just
within the music even though he didn’t particularly dislike
Tupac or any West Coast rapper.
• Scenes could be put together in this way to show that
both of these people were actually good people
despite the negative assumptions that come with
people involved in rap and gang crime.
• More archived footage of Tupac laughing and joking,
again possibly used to show how light-hearted or fun he
was.
• Goes on to show Tupac at an awards ceremony stating
“… I make music to bring us together, not separate us,
and all this ‘East’ and ‘West’ needs to stop” linking slightly
with Biggie Smalls’ statement, that they did not
particularly dislike each other and didn’t particularly
want to continue the ‘East vs. West’ feud.
5. • Also shows many other influential rappers, such as Snoop
Dogg and Jay-Z (West and East Coast, respectively)
nodding. This indicates that everyone felt the same but
nobody would really stop.
• Shows the whole audience applauding to further reinforce
this idea.
• Then contrasts it with footage of Biggie shouting
“…Representin’!” to show that, as the person speaking right
at the beginning of the trailer said, Biggie quite literally
represents the East Coast.
• This contrast shows that even though nobody really seemed
to want to continue the feud, they did anyway.
• This is shown in the way that the title for Biggie actually
identifies him as “Bad Boy Records (East Coast)” just in case
people didn’t know whether to support him, or not.
• Shows a man talking over scenes of police officers
marching, police cars, crime scene tape etc.
• States “… There was an East/West rivalry. Let’s make it seem
as if Bad Boy Records had something to do with the shooting
of Tupac Shakur.”
• Then shows footage of Tupac spitting at somebody off
camera, showing that, despite his good reputation shown
before of a light-hearted, fun joker, he was still involved in
violent/hostile situations.
• The statement is a quick introduction to the theme of the
whole documentary, as it explores one theory of who
‘masterminded’ the murders.
• Also contradicts with Biggie’s statement moments before
where he said he would never wish death on anybody.
6. • Furthers these suspicions as Biggie’s mother,
Voletta, asks “… If the FBI was following my
son… Where were they that night my son was
shot?” over footage of music videos and
other footage of police officers marching.
• These suspicions are reinforced further by the
statement from the man pictured below “…
Y’know, I was thinking like, that there was
something fishy goin’ on.”
• This coincides with the posters of the film
claiming it is controversial as this is a rather
significant theory surrounding both rapper’s
deaths.
• This sudden change in tone from light-
hearted/fun musicians to fairly sinister
‘behind-the-camera’ style revelation of ‘all is
not as it seems’ is a good way to promote the
idea of the documentary – To reveal the
truths about this event, good and bad.
7. • Again shows Suge Knight, this time walking around what
looks like a prison.
• Suge Knight had a history of violence so it may be
suggested that he would be capable of committing or
ordering a murder.
• The person below claims that somebody told him “…
Yes, Death Row Records wants you dead.” which
coincides with the images of Suge Knight and the
allegations that he (i.e. Death Row Records) were again
capable of manufacturing something like that.
• Scenes are now punctuated by multiple, rapid gunshots,
rather than single gunshots as it was before.
• Continued use is obviously there to reinforce the theme
of these two rappers being murdered in drive-by
shootings and by linking it to scenes/images of Suge
Knight the association is that he was directly or indirectly
responsible.
• Also has a man stating that “… Law enforcement officers
were working for gangsters, known felons, basically
organised crime.” to support this conspiracy theory and
would explain how it was covered up.
• Along with these are images of two police officers’
‘mugshots’ with possible written charges over the top of
them.
8. • Shows the cameramen walking through a prison,
possibly to interview Suge Knight or the police
officers who were arrested.
• This suggests the information in his documentary
will be reliable as he is directly interviewing his
sources.
• Also suggests that he has some influence as he
has actually been allowed to film an interview
within a prison environment.
• Has audio of a man claiming that “There are
certain people within the DA’s office that knew
about this thing all along.” to reinforce this idea of
organised crime and corruption.
• Shows a picture of Tupac and Suge Knight sat
together to keep reinforcing this idea of the
connection between them and Tupac’s death.
• Plays audio (presumably genuine, archived audio)
of what sounds like somebody involved in an
investigation/radio report asking “Y’know, had it
been your ordinary drive-by shooting we would
have solved it a long time ago. You gotta think
‘Who could do this and get away with it?’”
9. • Then cuts to a woman who is visibly upset saying
“Please stop rolling ‘cause this is nothing to do with
the interview.” indicating that they have
uncovered something sensitive or upsetting (again
supporting it’s “controversial” content).
• Reveals one person they interviewed in prison,
claiming that they came forward because of
“Guilt.” as they begin to cry.
• Shows footage of what appears to be a televised
interview of Suge Knight.
• When the interviewer asks if he would tell the
police who killed Tupac, if he knew, he replies
“Absolutely… Not.” which could be suggested
that he either would not want to turn himself in to
the police or would not want to have any of the
investigation link back in.
• Could also suggest that he actually wanted Tupac
dead and would not want to help any process in
finding out who killed him.
• Cuts back to show archive footage of Tupac and
other people in the streets as somebody else films
them.
10. • Cuts back to show the man who claimed he felt
guilt admitting that he “… Transported moneys to
arrange the hit on Biggie Smalls.”
• This proves that it was definitely a pre-meditated
attack that somebody had ordered (at least, in
the case of Biggie Smalls).
• Tupac’s shooting was allegedly revenge from a
fight between Tupac and a member of the street
gang, the Crips.
• Man in the below picture appears in the trailer
again admitting that he believed the same person
was responsible for both killings and that the LAPD
has know “… All along.”
• Biggie Smalls’ mother then states that she “…
Would like to know why. Ms. Wallace would like to
know why.” this suggests that the documentary
would not only help from a legal standpoint but
would also benefit Biggie Smalls’ mother and other
people close to him emotionally.
• Ends with the repetition of a single gunshot.