AG Bioteck Producing the Tissue culture Plants of Fig in its Plant Propagation laboratory at Hyderabad, India and supplying to the growers in India. This particular Variety is suitable for drying process.
cauliflower - Cultivation- production technology varieties pest and disease jagathesan krishnasamy
1. Cauliflower is a cool season crop that has different varieties suited for different temperature ranges, from tropical types that form curds at 20-27°C to snowball types requiring 10-16°C.
2. Popular cauliflower varieties include Pusa Deepali, Pusa Himjyoti, Arka Kanti, and Pusa Snowfall K-1. Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control, and pest management are needed for optimal growth and yield.
3. Major pests of cauliflower include the mustard sawfly, which damages leaves, and aphids, which suck plant juices and secrete honeydew allowing so
Cucumber can be grown in greenhouses with suitable temperatures between 15-35°C and soil that is well-drained, loamy and rich in lime. Seedlings are planted at a spacing of 1.5m between furrows and 50cm between rows. Cucumbers are harvested after 70-80 days, with a total yield of 40,000-45,000kg per acre. Production costs are around Rs. 6.60 per kg and income from selling the harvest at Rs. 25 per kg results in a profit of Rs. 18,39,988 in the first year without considering capital investments.
The document outlines procedures for seed sampling and analysis in India. It specifies minimum sampling intensities for seeds stored in bulk or bags. For bulk seeds, a minimum of 5 samples are required up to 500 kg, increasing to 10 samples for lots over 20,000 kg. For bagged seeds, every container must be sampled for lots up to 5 bags, every 3 containers for 6-30 bags, and every 5 containers for lots over 30 bags. Samples must be properly sealed, labeled with details, and sent to notified seed testing laboratories within 60 days.
Advanced production technology of kiwi fruitPawan Nagar
Kiwi fruit is native to China and is now commercially grown in several countries including New Zealand, Italy, and India. It is a rich source of vitamin C and antioxidants. There are several varieties grown including Hayward, which is most popular. Kiwi requires winter chilling and grows best in well-drained soils at elevations of 800-1500 meters. Propagation is through hardwood cuttings, softwood cuttings, or grafting. Plants are trained to an overhead trellis system and pruned to encourage fruiting wood. Pests include boxelder bugs and armored scales.
This document provides information about Amaranthus tricolor, a leafy vegetable commonly grown in India. It has the following key points:
1. Amaranthus tricolor is an annual herb that is widely cultivated for its tender leaves and stems. It is high yielding and nutrient dense, containing vitamins, minerals, and protein.
2. Several high-yielding varieties have been developed for different seasons, such as Co-1 and Co-2 for early harvest. Proper spacing, fertilization, irrigation, and weed control are needed to maximize yields.
3. The tender leaves and stems can be harvested repeatedly for about 3 months before the plant flowers. Total production costs are around 30,000 INR per
Insect & disease management inside green houseRakesh Pattnaik
The document discusses integrated pest management for greenhouse crops. It emphasizes using a combination of preventative measures like maintaining hygiene, controlling access, using disease-resistant varieties, and monitoring environmental conditions and crops. If diseases are present, actions like removing infected plants, applying fungicides appropriately, and properly disposing of waste are recommended. Common insect and mite pests found in Indian greenhouses include aphids, caterpillars, leafminers, mites, thrips, and whiteflies.
Concept and principles of organic farming technologyNeeraj Pathak
Organic farming is based on principles of health, ecology, fairness and care. It prohibits synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, GMOs, antibiotics and growth hormones. India's National Programme for Organic Production established standards and certification systems for the organic sector. Organic agriculture in India has grown from 42,000 hectares in 2003-2004 to 1.78 million hectares in 2017-2018. Standards address crop plans, conversion periods, nutrient management, and pest and disease control primarily using on-farm resources. The government promotes organic farming through various schemes.
cauliflower - Cultivation- production technology varieties pest and disease jagathesan krishnasamy
1. Cauliflower is a cool season crop that has different varieties suited for different temperature ranges, from tropical types that form curds at 20-27°C to snowball types requiring 10-16°C.
2. Popular cauliflower varieties include Pusa Deepali, Pusa Himjyoti, Arka Kanti, and Pusa Snowfall K-1. Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control, and pest management are needed for optimal growth and yield.
3. Major pests of cauliflower include the mustard sawfly, which damages leaves, and aphids, which suck plant juices and secrete honeydew allowing so
Cucumber can be grown in greenhouses with suitable temperatures between 15-35°C and soil that is well-drained, loamy and rich in lime. Seedlings are planted at a spacing of 1.5m between furrows and 50cm between rows. Cucumbers are harvested after 70-80 days, with a total yield of 40,000-45,000kg per acre. Production costs are around Rs. 6.60 per kg and income from selling the harvest at Rs. 25 per kg results in a profit of Rs. 18,39,988 in the first year without considering capital investments.
The document outlines procedures for seed sampling and analysis in India. It specifies minimum sampling intensities for seeds stored in bulk or bags. For bulk seeds, a minimum of 5 samples are required up to 500 kg, increasing to 10 samples for lots over 20,000 kg. For bagged seeds, every container must be sampled for lots up to 5 bags, every 3 containers for 6-30 bags, and every 5 containers for lots over 30 bags. Samples must be properly sealed, labeled with details, and sent to notified seed testing laboratories within 60 days.
Advanced production technology of kiwi fruitPawan Nagar
Kiwi fruit is native to China and is now commercially grown in several countries including New Zealand, Italy, and India. It is a rich source of vitamin C and antioxidants. There are several varieties grown including Hayward, which is most popular. Kiwi requires winter chilling and grows best in well-drained soils at elevations of 800-1500 meters. Propagation is through hardwood cuttings, softwood cuttings, or grafting. Plants are trained to an overhead trellis system and pruned to encourage fruiting wood. Pests include boxelder bugs and armored scales.
This document provides information about Amaranthus tricolor, a leafy vegetable commonly grown in India. It has the following key points:
1. Amaranthus tricolor is an annual herb that is widely cultivated for its tender leaves and stems. It is high yielding and nutrient dense, containing vitamins, minerals, and protein.
2. Several high-yielding varieties have been developed for different seasons, such as Co-1 and Co-2 for early harvest. Proper spacing, fertilization, irrigation, and weed control are needed to maximize yields.
3. The tender leaves and stems can be harvested repeatedly for about 3 months before the plant flowers. Total production costs are around 30,000 INR per
Insect & disease management inside green houseRakesh Pattnaik
The document discusses integrated pest management for greenhouse crops. It emphasizes using a combination of preventative measures like maintaining hygiene, controlling access, using disease-resistant varieties, and monitoring environmental conditions and crops. If diseases are present, actions like removing infected plants, applying fungicides appropriately, and properly disposing of waste are recommended. Common insect and mite pests found in Indian greenhouses include aphids, caterpillars, leafminers, mites, thrips, and whiteflies.
Concept and principles of organic farming technologyNeeraj Pathak
Organic farming is based on principles of health, ecology, fairness and care. It prohibits synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, GMOs, antibiotics and growth hormones. India's National Programme for Organic Production established standards and certification systems for the organic sector. Organic agriculture in India has grown from 42,000 hectares in 2003-2004 to 1.78 million hectares in 2017-2018. Standards address crop plans, conversion periods, nutrient management, and pest and disease control primarily using on-farm resources. The government promotes organic farming through various schemes.
This document provides information about pomegranate including its botanical description, introduction, anatomy, uses, nutritional value, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting details, flowering and fruit development, pollination, essential cultural practices, harvesting, varieties, and some pests and diseases. It discusses pomegranate's origin in Iran and cultivation in India. Key points covered include common varieties like Ganesh, methods like hardwood cuttings for propagation, optimal planting distances and seasons, and flower initiation techniques like bahar treatment.
1. The Rhinoceros beetle bores into pineapple stems, causing wilting. Management includes removing damaged plants, collecting beetles from manure pits, using fungal cultures and traps to control different life stages.
2. Thrips and mealybugs damage pineapple by feeding on sap. Thrips cause silvery blotches and distortion, while mealybugs cause yellowing and fruit shriveling. Management focuses on resistant varieties, traps, and insecticide sprays.
3. Slug caterpillars cause severe defoliation by voracious leaf-feeding. Management targets eggs on leaf undersides and spiny cocoons.
Biostimulants of the last decade: Comprehensive analysis of research papers a...Stanislav Kuzyakin
This document summarizes research on biostimulants from 2008-2017. Over 500,000 documents were analyzed from over 100 journals and patent offices. The most studied biostimulants were humic substances, protein hydrolysates, seaweed extracts, and beneficial microbes. The top crops investigated were rice, wheat, maize, tomato, and soybean. Research focused on improving abiotic stress tolerance, especially salt, drought, and heavy metals. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the past decade of biostimulant research.
Scope Of Vegetable Seed Production Under Protected Cultivation.pptxAnusha K R
Protected cultivation provides many-fold advantages over open field seed production of vegetables. The beauty of vegetable hybrid seed production under protected conditions is that it could be implemented at a micro or macro level depending upon the need, space, and seed crop requirements. This technology is highly productive, amenable to automation, conserves water, fertilizer, and land, and provides the required environment to overcome the biotic and abiotic stress and enhance yield as well as the quality of seeds. Protected cultivation offers a very congenial environment for producing healthy, virus-free, and genetically pure hybrid seed with higher seed yield per unit area.
This document discusses rootstocks and grafting techniques in fruit crops. It describes the steps in grafting including production of callus, restoration of vascular transport, and healing. Rootstocks can be seedling or clonal, with clonal having advantages of uniformity but seedling being more economical. Common grafting techniques are described like whip grafting, tongue grafting, cleft grafting, and side grafting. Budding techniques include T-budding, patch budding, chip budding, and ring budding. Rootstocks are important for characteristics like disease resistance, dwarfing, and growth habits they impart on the scion cultivar.
1) Synseed technology involves encapsulating plant propagules like somatic embryos, shoot tips, or buds in a gel matrix, usually sodium alginate, to create artificial seeds that can be stored and germinated like real seeds.
2) Various fruit crops have been successfully propagated using synseed technology including mango, banana, apple, grape, guava, and papaya. Somatic embryos and shoot tips are common propagules used.
3) Advantages of synseed technology include maintaining genetic uniformity, facilitating long distance transportation and exchange of plant materials, and providing a means of propagation for hybrids, endangered species, and plants with recalcitrant seeds.
This presentation contains information on major diseases of wheat like Rusts, smut, bunt, tundu etc, disease cycle, causal organisms, symptoms and management of these diseases.
This document discusses the genetic principles of seed production. It notes that producing high quality seed requires technical skills and investment. Strict attention must be paid to maintaining genetic purity and seed qualities. Seed production should be done under standardized, well-organized conditions to minimize genetic deterioration over generations from factors like developmental variations due to different environmental conditions, mechanical mixtures, mutations, natural crossing with undesirable plants, and diseases. The document outlines these various factors in genetic deterioration and principles for maintaining genetic purity during seed production.
Pyrus communis, known as European pear, is native to central and eastern Europe. Pear is grown under temperate and subtropical conditions in India, primarily in hills of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Uttar Pradesh. Pears grow best in deep, well-drained, fertile soil with a neutral pH of 6.0-7.5. Common varieties include Bartlett, Conference, and Comice. Pears are propagated through budding, grafting, and rootstocks. Proper training, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, harvesting and postharvest handling are required for good production.
I am Abdul Hafeez shaik pursuing UG B.Sc(Hons) in Agriculture from ANGRAU University , Lam , Guntur - Andhra Pradesh.
A small presentation about
Seed Production of open-pollinated varieties of sorghum
Hybrid Seed Production of sorghum
This document provides details of a seminar on canopy management in fruit crops. It includes an introduction to canopy management, objectives, techniques like pruning and training, and examples of canopy management for grapes, guava, and mango. Proper canopy management provides advantages like increased productivity, improved fruit quality, regular yields, and easier maintenance.
- Aloe vera, also known as the "wonder plant", is a medicinal crop commonly used to make aloe gel and treat cough. It grows well in well-drained loamy soil with a pH between 7.0-8.5 and temperatures around 25-30°C.
- There are several varieties of aloe vera cultivated including Guruguva, Cap, and Sagotrine. Propagation is done through suckers which are planted at 90-90 cm spacing during the seasons of June-July and September-October.
- Aloe vera requires irrigation during summer months every 15 days and in winter every 30 days. Manure and fertilizers like FYM and N
This document provides an overview of integrated nutrient management (INM). It defines INM as optimizing the benefits from all sources of plant nutrients, including organic, inorganic, and biofertilizers, in an integrated manner to maintain soil health and crop productivity. The key components of an INM system are fertilizers, manures, compost, green manures, crop residues, and biofertilizers. INM is necessary to prevent nutrient depletion and degradation of soil and water quality from overuse of chemical fertilizers alone. The document discusses various organic nutrient sources and their roles in INM.
This was presented by one of the group of students to our Asst. professors Mr. and Mrs. Poudel (Pathology) in 2017.
By B.Sc.Ag Paklihawa IAAS campus, Full phase 6th batch.
Khaira disease of rice is caused by zinc deficiency in the soil. It occurs on calcareous soils that have low zinc availability. Symptoms include dusty brown spots on leaves, stunted growth, and reduced fertility. Yield losses can be up to 25%. Management strategies include using zinc-efficient varieties, applying organic matter and zinc sulfate fertilizer to increase soil zinc levels, and acidifying the soil to improve zinc availability.
Propagation of rootstocks in temperate fruits final. ROOTSTOCK . WHAT IS ROOT...Arvind Yadav
Propagation of rootstocks is more than 2000 yrs old practice.
Sexual –seeds
Asexual-suckers
Seeds being collected & extracted from indigenous populations of native fruit species, germinated and grown for use as rootstock.
Ex: Apple, pear, apricot, peach, plum, sweet cherry, sour cherry, almonds and walnuts.
RootstocksSeedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Seedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Seedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Advanced production technology of almondPawan Nagar
This document provides information on advanced production technology for almond crops. It discusses the taxonomy, origin, nutritional importance, varieties, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting, training, pruning, pollination management and other cultivation practices for almond. The key varieties grown are Non Pareil, California Paper Shell, IXL and Merced. Proper training, pruning, irrigation, and ensuring at least 33% of plants are pollinizer varieties is important for high yields.
Peach is the temperate region fruit crops.The cultivation of peach requires some specific climatic conditions. It requires some chilling hours to break the dormancy and to become fruit ful. In this presentation, you will get the detail information of ideal peach cultivation, high density planting in peach and much more.
scope &; importance of fruit and plantation crop in india.docxRakesh Pattnaik
This document discusses the scope and importance of fruit and plantation crop industries in India. It notes that India is the second largest fruit producer in the world, producing over 86 million metric tonnes annually. Fruits provide high yields compared to other crops and are an important source of vitamins, minerals, and nutrition. Economically, fruits generate higher profits than other crops and provide raw materials for agro-industries. Plantation crops also offer export potential, employment, crop diversification opportunities, and ecosystem services. The industries will continue growing due to increasing domestic demand, export potential, availability of technology, and government support.
1) Peach breeding aims to develop varieties with better fruit quality, long shelf life, resistance to pests and diseases, and tolerance to high temperatures. Approaches include introduction, selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding.
2) Important breeding objectives are reducing chilling requirements, developing dwarf varieties suitable for high-density planting, and increasing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
3) Future work includes utilizing genetic resources from related species and incorporating molecular marker technologies to efficiently transfer important traits into new varieties.
vegetable cultivation under open and protected environmentamritpal singh
Vegetables are classified into root, stem, tuber, leafy, and seed vegetables. They are good sources of vitamins, minerals, fibers, and have antioxidant properties. Protected cultivation involves partially or fully controlling the microclimate around plants. Greenhouse technology is well-suited for vegetables, flowers, and nursery crops due to their small lifespans. Factors like light, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, and ventilation must be controlled in greenhouses.
1) Cleft grafting is a method of joining a rootstock and scion for asexual propagation of jackfruit. It allows for selecting quality planting materials that retain the characteristics of desired varieties.
2) The document describes the steps for cleft grafting jackfruit, which includes selecting healthy rootstocks and scions, making cuts, inserting the scion, securing it with tape, and post-grafting care.
3) Best practices for a jackfruit nursery include using sterilized media and tools, quarantining new materials, controlling pests and diseases, and following hygienic measures to prevent the spread of phytophthora disease.
This document provides information about pomegranate including its botanical description, introduction, anatomy, uses, nutritional value, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting details, flowering and fruit development, pollination, essential cultural practices, harvesting, varieties, and some pests and diseases. It discusses pomegranate's origin in Iran and cultivation in India. Key points covered include common varieties like Ganesh, methods like hardwood cuttings for propagation, optimal planting distances and seasons, and flower initiation techniques like bahar treatment.
1. The Rhinoceros beetle bores into pineapple stems, causing wilting. Management includes removing damaged plants, collecting beetles from manure pits, using fungal cultures and traps to control different life stages.
2. Thrips and mealybugs damage pineapple by feeding on sap. Thrips cause silvery blotches and distortion, while mealybugs cause yellowing and fruit shriveling. Management focuses on resistant varieties, traps, and insecticide sprays.
3. Slug caterpillars cause severe defoliation by voracious leaf-feeding. Management targets eggs on leaf undersides and spiny cocoons.
Biostimulants of the last decade: Comprehensive analysis of research papers a...Stanislav Kuzyakin
This document summarizes research on biostimulants from 2008-2017. Over 500,000 documents were analyzed from over 100 journals and patent offices. The most studied biostimulants were humic substances, protein hydrolysates, seaweed extracts, and beneficial microbes. The top crops investigated were rice, wheat, maize, tomato, and soybean. Research focused on improving abiotic stress tolerance, especially salt, drought, and heavy metals. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the past decade of biostimulant research.
Scope Of Vegetable Seed Production Under Protected Cultivation.pptxAnusha K R
Protected cultivation provides many-fold advantages over open field seed production of vegetables. The beauty of vegetable hybrid seed production under protected conditions is that it could be implemented at a micro or macro level depending upon the need, space, and seed crop requirements. This technology is highly productive, amenable to automation, conserves water, fertilizer, and land, and provides the required environment to overcome the biotic and abiotic stress and enhance yield as well as the quality of seeds. Protected cultivation offers a very congenial environment for producing healthy, virus-free, and genetically pure hybrid seed with higher seed yield per unit area.
This document discusses rootstocks and grafting techniques in fruit crops. It describes the steps in grafting including production of callus, restoration of vascular transport, and healing. Rootstocks can be seedling or clonal, with clonal having advantages of uniformity but seedling being more economical. Common grafting techniques are described like whip grafting, tongue grafting, cleft grafting, and side grafting. Budding techniques include T-budding, patch budding, chip budding, and ring budding. Rootstocks are important for characteristics like disease resistance, dwarfing, and growth habits they impart on the scion cultivar.
1) Synseed technology involves encapsulating plant propagules like somatic embryos, shoot tips, or buds in a gel matrix, usually sodium alginate, to create artificial seeds that can be stored and germinated like real seeds.
2) Various fruit crops have been successfully propagated using synseed technology including mango, banana, apple, grape, guava, and papaya. Somatic embryos and shoot tips are common propagules used.
3) Advantages of synseed technology include maintaining genetic uniformity, facilitating long distance transportation and exchange of plant materials, and providing a means of propagation for hybrids, endangered species, and plants with recalcitrant seeds.
This presentation contains information on major diseases of wheat like Rusts, smut, bunt, tundu etc, disease cycle, causal organisms, symptoms and management of these diseases.
This document discusses the genetic principles of seed production. It notes that producing high quality seed requires technical skills and investment. Strict attention must be paid to maintaining genetic purity and seed qualities. Seed production should be done under standardized, well-organized conditions to minimize genetic deterioration over generations from factors like developmental variations due to different environmental conditions, mechanical mixtures, mutations, natural crossing with undesirable plants, and diseases. The document outlines these various factors in genetic deterioration and principles for maintaining genetic purity during seed production.
Pyrus communis, known as European pear, is native to central and eastern Europe. Pear is grown under temperate and subtropical conditions in India, primarily in hills of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Uttar Pradesh. Pears grow best in deep, well-drained, fertile soil with a neutral pH of 6.0-7.5. Common varieties include Bartlett, Conference, and Comice. Pears are propagated through budding, grafting, and rootstocks. Proper training, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, harvesting and postharvest handling are required for good production.
I am Abdul Hafeez shaik pursuing UG B.Sc(Hons) in Agriculture from ANGRAU University , Lam , Guntur - Andhra Pradesh.
A small presentation about
Seed Production of open-pollinated varieties of sorghum
Hybrid Seed Production of sorghum
This document provides details of a seminar on canopy management in fruit crops. It includes an introduction to canopy management, objectives, techniques like pruning and training, and examples of canopy management for grapes, guava, and mango. Proper canopy management provides advantages like increased productivity, improved fruit quality, regular yields, and easier maintenance.
- Aloe vera, also known as the "wonder plant", is a medicinal crop commonly used to make aloe gel and treat cough. It grows well in well-drained loamy soil with a pH between 7.0-8.5 and temperatures around 25-30°C.
- There are several varieties of aloe vera cultivated including Guruguva, Cap, and Sagotrine. Propagation is done through suckers which are planted at 90-90 cm spacing during the seasons of June-July and September-October.
- Aloe vera requires irrigation during summer months every 15 days and in winter every 30 days. Manure and fertilizers like FYM and N
This document provides an overview of integrated nutrient management (INM). It defines INM as optimizing the benefits from all sources of plant nutrients, including organic, inorganic, and biofertilizers, in an integrated manner to maintain soil health and crop productivity. The key components of an INM system are fertilizers, manures, compost, green manures, crop residues, and biofertilizers. INM is necessary to prevent nutrient depletion and degradation of soil and water quality from overuse of chemical fertilizers alone. The document discusses various organic nutrient sources and their roles in INM.
This was presented by one of the group of students to our Asst. professors Mr. and Mrs. Poudel (Pathology) in 2017.
By B.Sc.Ag Paklihawa IAAS campus, Full phase 6th batch.
Khaira disease of rice is caused by zinc deficiency in the soil. It occurs on calcareous soils that have low zinc availability. Symptoms include dusty brown spots on leaves, stunted growth, and reduced fertility. Yield losses can be up to 25%. Management strategies include using zinc-efficient varieties, applying organic matter and zinc sulfate fertilizer to increase soil zinc levels, and acidifying the soil to improve zinc availability.
Propagation of rootstocks in temperate fruits final. ROOTSTOCK . WHAT IS ROOT...Arvind Yadav
Propagation of rootstocks is more than 2000 yrs old practice.
Sexual –seeds
Asexual-suckers
Seeds being collected & extracted from indigenous populations of native fruit species, germinated and grown for use as rootstock.
Ex: Apple, pear, apricot, peach, plum, sweet cherry, sour cherry, almonds and walnuts.
RootstocksSeedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Seedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Seedling rootstocks
Clonal rootstocks
Advanced production technology of almondPawan Nagar
This document provides information on advanced production technology for almond crops. It discusses the taxonomy, origin, nutritional importance, varieties, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting, training, pruning, pollination management and other cultivation practices for almond. The key varieties grown are Non Pareil, California Paper Shell, IXL and Merced. Proper training, pruning, irrigation, and ensuring at least 33% of plants are pollinizer varieties is important for high yields.
Peach is the temperate region fruit crops.The cultivation of peach requires some specific climatic conditions. It requires some chilling hours to break the dormancy and to become fruit ful. In this presentation, you will get the detail information of ideal peach cultivation, high density planting in peach and much more.
scope &; importance of fruit and plantation crop in india.docxRakesh Pattnaik
This document discusses the scope and importance of fruit and plantation crop industries in India. It notes that India is the second largest fruit producer in the world, producing over 86 million metric tonnes annually. Fruits provide high yields compared to other crops and are an important source of vitamins, minerals, and nutrition. Economically, fruits generate higher profits than other crops and provide raw materials for agro-industries. Plantation crops also offer export potential, employment, crop diversification opportunities, and ecosystem services. The industries will continue growing due to increasing domestic demand, export potential, availability of technology, and government support.
1) Peach breeding aims to develop varieties with better fruit quality, long shelf life, resistance to pests and diseases, and tolerance to high temperatures. Approaches include introduction, selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding.
2) Important breeding objectives are reducing chilling requirements, developing dwarf varieties suitable for high-density planting, and increasing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
3) Future work includes utilizing genetic resources from related species and incorporating molecular marker technologies to efficiently transfer important traits into new varieties.
vegetable cultivation under open and protected environmentamritpal singh
Vegetables are classified into root, stem, tuber, leafy, and seed vegetables. They are good sources of vitamins, minerals, fibers, and have antioxidant properties. Protected cultivation involves partially or fully controlling the microclimate around plants. Greenhouse technology is well-suited for vegetables, flowers, and nursery crops due to their small lifespans. Factors like light, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, and ventilation must be controlled in greenhouses.
1) Cleft grafting is a method of joining a rootstock and scion for asexual propagation of jackfruit. It allows for selecting quality planting materials that retain the characteristics of desired varieties.
2) The document describes the steps for cleft grafting jackfruit, which includes selecting healthy rootstocks and scions, making cuts, inserting the scion, securing it with tape, and post-grafting care.
3) Best practices for a jackfruit nursery include using sterilized media and tools, quarantining new materials, controlling pests and diseases, and following hygienic measures to prevent the spread of phytophthora disease.
The document provides information on the cultivation of pistachio nuts. It discusses the taxonomy, climate requirements, soil needs, propagation methods, pests and diseases, and health benefits of pistachios. Pistachios are a small to medium sized tree native to Central Asia and the Middle East. They require warm temperatures above 36°C and cold winter months below 7°C. Common pests include the cotton aphid, mealybugs, and pistachio psyllid. Diseases such as Verticillium wilt, Phytophthora root rot, and various blights also affect pistachio trees. Pistachios are harvested after 5 years and can yield 8-10 kg per tree
Propagation of Grape and Nursery Dr. P H Nikumbhe.pptxPRASHANTNIKUMBHE1
The document provides information on establishing and maintaining a grapevine nursery. It discusses selecting an appropriate nursery site with nutrient-rich soil, near a water source, and good drainage. Components of a nursery include a mother block with high-performing vines that are disease-free, and structures like shade nets and greenhouses for plant propagation. The document also covers selecting and preparing cuttings, common nursery pests and diseases, choosing rootstocks, and grafting techniques like cleft grafting and bark grafting.
protected cultivation of high value vegetablesabhishek rana
The document discusses protected cultivation of vegetables and fruits at the Centre of Excellence for Vegetables in Karnal, Haryana. It provides information on organic farming techniques like vermicomposting and NADEP composting. It also describes the benefits of polyhouses and highlights different types like polytunnels, walk-in tunnels, and insect-proof polyhouses. Furthermore, it discusses high-tech greenhouse cultivation of vegetables like tomatoes. Seedlings are grown using a soil-less medium and common diseases like damping off are controlled through various treatments.
- Gardening on rooftops and terraces, known as roof gardening or terrace gardening, allows people to grow plants even if they do not have yard space.
- Some benefits of roof gardening include producing one's own organic fruits and vegetables, reducing indoor temperatures, improving air quality, and providing stress relief and mental well-being.
- Suitable plants include various vegetables, herbs, fruits, flowers, and even small trees or shrubs. Proper growing media, watering, fertilizing, pest management, and protection from harsh weather are keys to success.
The document discusses quality seedling production techniques for vegetable crops. It covers topics such as the advantages of producing seedlings in trays compared to direct sowing, recommended structures and materials for protected nurseries, suitable growing media like cocopeat, methods for seedling cultivation, and cost estimates. Producing quality seedlings in commercial nurseries can help ensure uniform establishment of transplanted crops and reduce losses.
The document discusses quality seedling production techniques for vegetable crops. It covers topics such as the advantages of producing seedlings in trays compared to direct sowing, recommended structures and materials for protected nurseries, suitable growing media like cocopeat, methods for seedling cultivation, and cost estimates. Producing quality seedlings in commercial nurseries can generate employment and help disseminate new technologies to farmers.
Bureau of Plant and Industry Davao Region in the Philippines
Nursery establishment for cacao seedlings are similar to most tree crop nurseries.
Young seedlings require ample shading, adequate supply of clean water and drainage.
NatureVel - AG® is a brand created, manufactured and marketed in India specifically for the agriculture, horticulture and floriculture segments by Clover Organic Pvt. Ltd. under agreement with Biosa, Denmark
The document provides information about various gardening and landscaping topics. It discusses gardening, landscaping, kitchen gardening, seasonal flowers, greenhouses, organic farming, grafting, and vermicomposting. Specifically, it defines gardening and landscaping, lists the purposes of kitchen gardening and benefits of landscaping. It also explains the basic elements of landscape design, seasonal vegetables, tips for growing seasonal flowers, types of greenhouses, what is organic farming, the process of grafting, and how to set up vermicomposting with worms.
This document discusses various techniques for preserving tree fodder, including hay making and silage making. It provides details on common fodder tree species in India like subabul, sesbania, gliricidia, mulberry and moringa. It describes the processes of making hay, including methods of drying and types of hay. It also explains the principles and processes of making silage, including suitable crops, characteristics of good silage, and losses that can occur during silage making. Specific techniques for making tree hay and silage from mulberry, moringa and salix are also outlined.
Kiwi is a native fruit of China that is now commercially grown in many countries. It is a climbing vine that produces green, hairy berries and requires winter chilling to fruit. There are several common varieties used worldwide, with 'Hayward' being the most widely grown. Kiwi thrives in well-drained, acidic soil and a humid climate with winter temperatures below 7°C. Proper training and annual pruning is needed to maintain high yields of the nutritious fruits which are a rich source of vitamin C and potassium.
Kiwi is a native fruit of China that is now commercially grown in many countries. It is a climbing vine that produces green, hairy berries and requires winter chilling to fruit. There are several common varieties used worldwide, with 'Hayward' being the most widely grown. Kiwi thrives in well-drained, acidic soil and a humid climate with temperatures between 10-30°C. It is high in vitamin C and potassium and has various health benefits. Propagation is mainly through grafting of rooted cuttings onto rootstock to control vigor and improve disease resistance. Supporting structures like trellises are needed and regular pruning maintains plant size and productivity.
1) The document discusses the production and management of plantlets and potted plants. It covers topics like selection of pots, preparing potting mixtures, planting techniques, and care practices like watering, fertilizing, and pest and disease management.
2) Management of potted plants requires careful attention to operations from seedling emergence to being ready for transplanting. This includes potting, transplanting seedlings, providing manure and irrigation, and protecting from pests and diseases.
3) Proper harvesting, packing, marketing, and care are important to produce high quality planting materials and maximize profits from the nursery business.
This document provides information on mushroom growing in Zimbabwe. It discusses how mushrooms are traditionally collected and consumed in Africa but this knowledge is being lost. Mushroom cultivation is presented as a viable small business option. Key steps in the process are described, including obtaining spawn, preparing suitable substrates from agricultural wastes, filling bags or trays, and maintaining proper growing conditions. Challenges like pests and diseases are also addressed. The document aims to give a general understanding of mushroom cultivation methods suitable for small-scale production in Zimbabwe and other tropical regions.
This document provides guidance on soybean and cowpea seed production. It discusses establishing and managing seed fields, including variety selection, site selection, land preparation, planting, and integrated pest management. Key steps include roguing to maintain genetic and physical purity, fertilizer application, and controlling weeds, diseases, and insects. Timely harvesting when 95% of pods are mature is recommended to obtain high quality seeds. Maintaining best practices at each step is important for producing certified seeds that meet quality standards.
Kiwi is a native fruit of China that is now commercially grown in many countries. It is a climbing vine that bears green, hairy berries. There are several common varieties used for commercial production including Abbott, Allison, and Bruno. Kiwi grows best in well-drained soil and requires winter chilling to produce fruits. It is high in vitamin C and potassium and has various health benefits. Propagation methods include hardwood cuttings, softwood cuttings, grafting, and budding onto rootstocks. Proper training and annual pruning is needed to maintain high yields.
Huertas Intensivas Estrategias En Zona 1 Ecoescuela El Manzano Www Ecoe...Grifen Hope
(1) Healthy soil contains billions of microorganisms and sustains plant life. Composting and using organic matter replenishes soil nutrients and maintains a healthy ecosystem.
(2) Planting in close hexagonal spacings with overlapping leaves creates a microclimate that reduces evaporation, retards weeds, retains carbon dioxide, and protects microorganisms.
(3) Companion planting of mutually beneficial plants can repel pests, attract beneficial insects, fix nitrogen, and improve nutrient availability through symbiotic relationships in the soil.
Similar to Fig (Ficus carica) Tissue culture Plants from AG Bioteck (20)
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Fig (Ficus carica) Tissue culture Plants from AG Bioteck
1. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Tissue cultured
Fig
(Ficus Carica)
Cv. AGBioGold
(Deanna)
Production & Field
Plantation
2. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
AG Bioteck Laboratories is the
realization of the dream of
techno entrepreneurs to build a
biotechnology company by
leveraging their scientific
temper and environmental
consciousness to deliver
technologically proven and
qualitatively superior products
and services in the areas of
Biotechnology, Tree Farming,
Medicinal plants and Organic
Farming, Products.
5. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
about Plant: FIG (Anjeer)
▪ Fig Tree Known as ‘’The tree of life’’by the
ancient Egyptians and much enjoyed by
Cleopatra and Ulysses.
▪Ficus carica (fig) is a crop of
commercial significance in arid & semi arid
regions of India, which is native to the Arid
region of Asia
▪ The cultivated Fig, forms a shrub or low
spreading deciduous tree belonging to the
family Moraceae.
▪ Fig is consumed as fresh or dried & valued
for its nutritional and medicinal properties. It
contains proteins, calcium & Vitamin-A.
▪ Fig tolerates poorly drained soils and grow
well in relatively infertile soils, temperature
from 20 to115 degrees of F and drought
tolerant.
6. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
about : Tissue culture Fig Plants
▪ AG Bioteck Laboratories (I) Ltd, Hyd
is the only organization producing tissue
culture Fig plants in India from selected
elite Plus Trees (Mother Plants) with
desirable characters.
▪ The varieties developed in the AG
Bioteck Laboratories (I) Ltd are
Deanna (Yellow) and Brown Turkey
(Reddish purple) and selected Thai
Hybrids
7. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Tissue culture Fig Cv.Deanna (AGBioGold)
A large light fig of high quality
suited to the fresh and dry fruit,
green to golden skin with pink
pulp, very popular in the
worldwide. Deanna remains the
largest and one of the most
delicious honey type fig among
many varieties
8. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Tissue culture Fig : Cv. Deanna (AGBioGold)
▪ This cultivar produces very large round to slightly flattened, green skinned
figs turning slightly yellow to Gold when fully ripe.
▪ The skin is thin.
▪ The flesh is strawberry coloured and very sweet when fully ripe.
▪ The plants are very vigorous and fast growing. In fact it is the fastest
growing variety off all that we have tested.
▪ It has crunchy seeds.
▪ It has good shelf life in cold storage
▪ It is a very productive, heavy bearer.
▪ Resistant against fig mosaic virus.
9. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
In vitro propagation/tissue culture of Fig
•Tissue culture is the modern Plant Biotechnology that is
applied for mass production of superior planting material
•Tissue culture plants are developed from selected elite
mother plants.
•Tissue cultured plants ensures uniform vigorous faster
growth when compared with cutting plants
•Tissue cultured Plants starts yielding after one year of
planting unlike the cutting plants.
•These are virus and disease free plants while supplying.
•Early maturity and high yields.
•Tissue culture plants produce fruits of uniform size.
•The economic life span of the plant is 20-25 years.
10. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Fig Mother plant – Explants/tissues collection
AGBioteck is successful
in identifying the Fig
Trees with desirable
characters in all major
growing states and
developed the tissue
culture techniques for
mass multiplication with
clone marking
13. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Fig Cv. AGBioGold : Tissue cultured plantlets in
Primary Hardening (Jiffypots )
14. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Fig Cv. AGBioGold : Tissue cultured plantlets in
Secondary Hardening (Poly Bags)
15. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Fig Cv. AGBioGold : Packing & Transport of
Tissue cultured plants
16. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Suitable Soils
• Fig favor’s deep, well drained, black
and sandy loams.
• It can tolerate a faired high level of
chloride salts but not sodium salts
present in the soil.
• Red loams are highly suitable.
•Soil pH level should be 6.0 to 6.5
17. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Climate
•Fig tree is a deciduous, and subtropical.
•Fig favours area having arid or semi arid environment, high summer temperature,
plenty of sunshine and moderate winter.
•The plant has better threshold limit for high temperature than for the lower.
•Plants trees can withstand temperature up to 45`C, but young ones need protection.
18. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Planting procedures
▪ The best time for planting is the onset of
the rainy season.
▪ The layout for planting can be either
square or hexagonal system. The square
system is more common and desirable.
▪ Spacing depends on soil type and
recommended spacing for Deanna is 9
feet x 12 feet
▪ Pits of 45 cm x 45 cm x 60 cm depth size are
dug and exposed to sun for about 15 days, and
then filled with a mixture of Vermicompost
and top soil(1:1) with 500 gms of SSP and
1 kg of neem/pit along with Trichoderma
viridi, Metarizum.
▪ Once the plant is planted, the soil around the
plant should be tamped firmly.
▪ Water is applied immediately after planting
19. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Tissue culture Fig Cv.AGBiogold in the
Farmer’s Field
3 Months old plant 5 Months old plant1 Month old plant
20. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Irrigation
▪ Fig plants can sustain heat and drought.
▪ Commercial fig production is possible if plants are
timely irrigated.
▪ Loose and sandy soils require larger quantities of
water than heavy soil.
▪ Either drip or flood irrigation can be practiced.
▪ The drip irrigation minimizes water requirement and
allows fertilizer application through irrigation water.
▪ In the absence of adequate and regular irrigation the fruit
development is affected, resulting in small and hard fruits.
▪ In drip irrigation,15-20 liters of water/day plant may be
supplied. The thumb rule is to replenish 50% of pan
evaporation losses.
21. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Training
• Fig trees are trained initially to single stem to
encourage a wide, symmetrical crown with a
mechanically strong framework having evenly
distributed laterals.
• The tree is allowed to grow for about a meter and
then it is topped, which induces side branches all
round the main stem.
• The Plants should be free of suckers, dry and sick
branches.
• The interior of the bush should be maintained
22. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Pruning
▪ Pruning in fig is practiced annually to stimulate
production of new growth, and bearing fruits.
▪The best time to secure a mature crop is hot, dry
summer Therefore, pruning may be done 4-5
months in advance.
▪ Generally, a single marketable crop is harvested
yearly in our country.
▪When heavy pruning is practiced, trees are headed
back severely every year, leaving about 2 buds on
each one year old shoot.
▪ If light pruning is adopted, shoots which have
yielded fruits are lightly headed back after
harvesting.
23. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Manuring And Fertigation
▪Nutrient requirements vary according to the
variety and soil type.
▪For young plants fertilizers can be applied with
the onset of monsoon and, just after pruning for
those which have commenced yielding.
▪ The annual requirement can be best divided
into 2 applications, half after pruning and
remaining 2 months later when the syconia are
developing.
▪ Nitrogen is essential for rapid growth of
foliage and development of syconia, fruit color
and maturation
▪Potassium for yield and quality.
24. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
After Care
▪ After the plants are set in the field, regular
watering is essential until they are well established.
▪ A basin of 60 cm diameter should be prepared
around the plant and is widened as the canopy size
increases.
▪ Basin cleaning is taken up regularly to keep it
weed free.
▪ The side shoots and suckers should be removed
as and when they emerge.
▪ Maintenance of orchard is very important to keep
weed free
25. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Fruits given to 1 year old plant in the Farmer’s Field
Deanna produces
large, very attractive
and sweet green figs
that ripen to yellow or
greenish yellow. The
strawberry to amber
flesh is considered to
be of very good
quality. These fruits
are resistant to
splitting. The small
eye helps to minimize
spoiling. It also has
good cold hardiness.
26. AG BIOTECK LABORATORIES (I) LTD
Harvesting And Post Harvest Management
▪Harvesting of figs depends on their use.
▪ About 90% of the figs produced in the
world are dried.
▪ Fresh figs should be harvested when
they are soft and slightly wilted at the
neck and little or no milky latex flow at
the cut end of the stalk
▪Figs are grown for drying, they are
allowed to ripen and to dry partially