small ppt on fermentation for more search.

1. FERMENTATION
-M.U.Dinesh

2. fermentation
 It is the conversion of carbohydrate to alcohol and co2, (or)
organic acid.
 By using bacterias.[yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
Lactobacillus bulgaricus]
 Fermentation results in the production of energy in the
form of 2ATP molecules and produce less energy than the
aerobic process of cellular respiration.
 C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2ATP + 2CO2

3. History of fermentation
Fermentation was first investigated by Louis Pasteur
in 1860.
But in fact fermentation was in practice since 6600BC.
Louis called this process as la vie sans air mean life
without air.
Aerobic fermentation and Anaerobic fermentation

4. Aerobic fermentation
 Aerobic means in the presence of air
 Aerobic fermentation is actually a wrong term
 Organism use oxygen for the conversion of complex
organic compounds, this process is known as aerobic
respiration
 Some types of fermentation process require oxygen for
the reproduction and growth of microorganism
 Most fermentation involves the initial introduction of
oxygen to ensure a strong yeast colony is established and
yeast will ferment without using oxygen even if oxygen is
available

6. Homolactic
 In homolactic
fermentation one
molecule of glucose is
converted into 2 molecule
of lactic acid
hetrolactic
 In hetrolactic
fermentation one
molecule of glucose is
converted into one
molecule of lactic acid
one molecule of ethanol
and one molecule of
carbon dioxide

7. Butanol fermentation
 In acetone-butanol fermentation, acetone and
butanol are produced from glucose using strain
of Clostridia, which are strictly anaerobic
bacteria. Further, ethanol is also produced.
 The ABE fermentation produces solvents in a
ratio of 3:6:1 on acetone, butanol and ethanol
 Clostridium acetobutylicum is the most well
studied and widely used species

8. Bio butanol
 Bio butanol is bio fuel
 Earlier bio ethanol is used as a alternative fuel
 But now a days biobutanol is replaced by the bioethanol due its advantages
in it:-
It is not hydroscopic in nature
It doesn’t cause corrosion
It has more calorific value than ethanol
 Also sometimes called bio gasoline

9. FERMENTATION IS USED
 To produce antibiotics if no other method is available
 To produce ethanol which can be used as gasohol
 To produce alcoholic beverages like beer from barley and wheat
and wine from grapes
 To store vegetables in form of pickling
 To produce cheese from milk by the action of Yeast
 Yogurt is produced by fermentation of milk
 In the treatment of wastewater. Which the solid wastes are
converted to carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts