The document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI), including what it is, why countries seek it, and the benefits and costs. It defines FDI as investment from one country into assets in another country intended to be managed. Countries pursue FDI for economic growth, jobs, and technology transfers. While FDI can benefit an economy, it may also negatively impact local industries and cultures. The document outlines India's policies to attract FDI and the sectors that are open or restricted to foreign investment.