This document discusses family values and structures in different cultures and political contexts. It begins by defining family values as the concept that nuclear families are the basic cultural units. It then examines the concept of family values in Australian politics, British politics, Chinese Confucianism, and U.S. politics. Republican and Democratic party stances on family-related issues in the U.S. are also contrasted. The document goes on to discuss child raising, the roles and independence of young adults and the elderly, as well as nuclear and extended family structures. It concludes by noting both stability and changes in family roles and structures over time.

1. FamilyValues

2. Contents
• FamilyValues
• Child Raising
• Young Adulthood
• The Elderly
• The Nuclear and the Extended Family
• Family Roles
• Stability and Change in the Family

3. 1. FamilyValues
FamilyValues is political and
social concept used in various
cultures in support of the idea
the nuclear families are the
basic units of culture.

4. Some Political Concept of “FamilyValues”
in Some Countries
• Australian Politics
• British Politics
• Chinese Culture and Confucianism
• U.S Politics

5. Australian Politics
• The Family First Party originally
contested the 2002 South Australian
state election.
• The party opposes abortion, euthanasia,
harm reduction, gay adoptions, in-vitro
fertilization (IVF) for gay couples and gay
civil unions.
• In the 2007Australian election, Family
First came under fire for giving
preferences in some areas to the Liberty
and Democracy Party, a libertarian party
that supports legalization of incest, gay
marriage, and drug use

6. British Politics
• Family values was a recurrent theme
in the Conservative government of
John Major
• FamilyValues have been revived by
the currentConservative Party under
David Cameron, forming the
backbone of his mantra on social
responsibility and related policies

7. Chinese Cultures
and Confucianism
• In Confucian thought, family
values, familial relationships,
ancestor workshop, and filial piety
are the primary basis of the
philosophical system.
• Filial piety is considered the first
virtue in Chinese culture.

8. U.S. Politics
• In 1998, a Harris survey found that:
1. 52% of women and 42% of men
thought family values means "loving,
taking care of, and supporting each
other"
2. 38% of women and 35% of men
thought family values means
"knowing right from wrong and
having good values“
3. 2% of women and 1% men thought
of family values in terms of the
"traditional family"

9. Principles of Parties in U.S. Politics
Republican Party
• Opposition to sex outside of
marriage
• Support for a traditional role for
women in "the family"
• Opposition to same-sex marriage
• Support for complementarianism
• Opposition to legalized induced
abortion
• Support for abstinence education
• Support for policies said to protect
children from obscenity and
exploitation
Democratic Party
• A living wage
• Universal health care
• The acceptance of adoption by
same-sex couples
• The acceptance of the non-
traditional family (single parent
households and same-sex
marriages)
• Social programs and financial aid
for families

10. 2. Child Raising
• Child Raising (or Parenting) is
the process of promoting and
supporting the physical,
emotional, social, financial, and
intellectual development of a
child from infancy to adulthood
• Many children are taught at a
very early age to make
decisions and responsible for
their actions

11. 3. Young Adulthood
• Upon reaching an appropriate age,
children are encouraged, but not forced,
to “leave the nest” and begin a
independent life.
• In any families, parents feel that
children should make major life
decisions by themselves.
• Strong love between parents and
children is universal and this is not
exception in the American family
• Coexisting with such love in the
American family are cultural values of
self-reliance and independence

12. 4. The Elderly
• Societal and familial treatment of the
elderly also reflects this independence
and individualism
• Their financial support is often
provided by social security or welfare
systems
• Some families send their older
relatives to nursing homes
• There are many older people who
choose to live in retirement
communities

13. 5. The Nuclear and
the Extended Family
• The treatment of the elderly
can be further understood the
distinguishing between nuclear
and extended family structures

14. Extended Family
• Includes grandparents, aunts,
uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces,
and in-law.
• The children and parents have
strong ties and obligations to
relatives
• It is common in these families to
support older family members
Nuclear Family
• Has its own separate residence
and is economically independent
of other family members
• When couples marry, they are
expected to live independently
of their parents and becom
“Head of households” when they
have child

15. 6. Family Roles
• In both nuclear and extended families, the culture imposes set
roles upon parents
• Traditionally, the male has been responsible for financial
support of the home and family members,The female has
often been responsible for emotional support child raising and
housekeeping.
• In US,The role of the man as breadwinner and the woman as
housewife is changing
• Some mothers work because of a financial need and not
because of a desire to change their role

16. 7. Stability and Change in the Family
• It is almost impossible to describe a “typical American family”
• Changes in the family structure are evidenced by increased
rates of separation and divorce
• The changes, according to the more traditional viewpoint,
represent a breakdown in the family structure, a disintegration
of values, and a decline of morality.
• Others, who believe it is necessary to adapt to a rapidly
changing society, believe these shifts in family structure are
inevitable and positive