The document discusses definitions of family and marriage across cultures. It notes that while family and marriage are universal concepts, the specific definitions vary widely by culture. The sociological definition of family is broad and includes those related by blood, marriage, or adoption. Similarly, marriage is broadly defined as a group's approved mating arrangement, usually marked by ritual. The document then examines various types of families, cultural themes around marriage and descent, and functionalist and conflict perspectives on the family.
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The family acts as a primary socialization of children whereby the child first learns the basic values and norms of the culture they will grow up in.
A child needs to be carefully nurtured, cherished and molded into responsible individuals with good values and strong ethics. Therefore, it is important to provide them the best childcare so that they grow up to be physically, mentally and emotionally strong individuals.
Family is a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood or adoption; constituting a single household, interacting and inter-communicating with each other in their respective social roles of husband and wife, mother and father, son and daughter, brother and sister creating a common culture.
Family is an intimate domestic group made up of people related to one another by bonds of blood, sexual mating, or legal ties.
A group of people related by either blood, marriage, or adoption.
People with or without legal or blood ties who feel they belong together.
KAMRAN ISHFAQ, PHD SCHOLAR SOCIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN, SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICER, CHILDREN HOSPITAL AND THE INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH MULTAN PAKISTAN.
7. Common Cultural Themes of
Marriage & Family (cont):
●Inheritance:
▪Bilineal: property passed to both male and
female descendants (common for the modern western world)
▪Patrilineal: property passed only to male
descendants (historically used in US and western Europe)
▪Matrilineal: property passed only to female
descendants (very rare)
●Authority:
▪Patriarchy: power vested in men
•critics argue that all societies have been patriarchal
to varying degrees
▪Matriarchy: power vested in women
▪Egalitarian: power divided equally amongst men and
women
8. Family and Marriage
Internalized
Our norms about family and marriage seem
natural because we have internalized them
However, specific customs for family and
marriage are arbitrarily defined by various
cultures, and are not natural, but rather socially
defined
9. Marriage and Family:
Functionalist Perspective
Functionalist Perspective
Functionalists argue that family units contribute to
the well-being of society by fulfilling Basic Societal
Needs:
– Economic Production
– Socialization of Children
– Care of Sick and Aged
– Recreation
– Sexual Control
– Reproduction
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