Diabetes is a serious and common disease that affects millions of people worldwide and poses a large economic burden. It has been known for over 1500 years, first being described by ancient Indian physicians. India has a particularly high prevalence of diabetes and accounts for a large proportion of the global diabetic population. The main types of diabetes are type 1 caused by lack of insulin production and type 2 caused by insulin resistance, which accounts for 90% of cases. Risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes include family history, age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and urbanization. Symptoms include increased thirst, urination, appetite, fatigue, and vision changes.

1. Understand diabetes Dr Ashutosh Mishra

2. Why should we care about Diabetes ? – Diabetes is common.( 247 million,6 % of adult) – Diabetes is serious.( Brest cancer& CA Lung, MI equivalent ) – Diabetes is costly

3. How old is diabetes ? Sushruta (Indian Physician) 5th and 6th century AD

4. Extent of problem 2000 2030 400 300 200 100 No of patients in Millions 171 31.7 79.4 366 India World Diabetes Care- 2004 ; 27(5): 1047-1053

5. India is Diabetes capital of world & Every fifth diabetic is an Indian

6. The Greek word Diabetes = to Siphon or pass through What is meaning of diabetes and the Latin word mellitus = sweet as honey

7. Types of Diabetes Type 1 diabetes Insulin deficiency Type 2 diabetes Insulin resistance Gestational diabetes Other type of diabetes Type 2 Diabetes is most common type- 90 %

8. How diabetes develops in a person? The stage for diabetes is set 10 to 15 before onset of diabetes. Bad genes and Bad fat in Indians are fertile soil for diabetes. Lack of playground /Sport culture, junk food, Video Games and lazy cartoon serials is main contributors in childhood. Sedentary lifestyle and stress worsens the problem in adult. Weight gain with every child birth in main contributor in case of female.

9. What are Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes ? • increased thirst (Polydipsia) •increased urination (Polyuria) •increased appetite (Polyphagia) • fatigue •blurred vision •frequent and/or slow-healing infections (including bladder, vaginal, skin) • weight loss despite increased appetite

10. What are the Risk Factors for Diabetes ? • Family history is the biggest risk factor of all. •Race •Age (greater than 45) •Obesity •Lifestyle changes due to urbanization

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