This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the difficulties of 2nd year marine transportation (MT) students in NAMEI Polytechnic Institute in their navigation subject. Specifically, it examined the students' demographic profile, perceptions and comprehension levels of navigation, teaching materials used, and techniques/strategies used. A survey was conducted of 85 randomly selected 2nd year MT students out of a population of 108. Results showed that most respondents were males aged 16-18 who were single. Regarding navigation, most students reported being interested or confused, while their comprehension levels varied. Common teaching materials included navigation devices, modules/handouts, and projector/laptop use. Most liked techniques were device use, modules, and verbal explanations. The

1. By
BREQUILLO, Winson E.
CERBITO, Rener M.
JUCAY, Jay Mark V.
MENDOZA, Roy A.
TAGUINOD, Rhon-Rhon F.
BSMT II-C
JANUARY 2015

2.  The objective of this study is to determine the
factors affecting the difficulties of 2nd year MT
students batch 2014-2015 in their navigation subject
in NAMEI.
 To demonstrate how do the respondents evaluate
themselves based on the elements in terms of the
following aspects:
Common reactions of the 2nd year MT students
towards in Navigation subject
Techniques or Strategies Used in Navigation
subject
Teaching materials used in Navigation subject

3.  Education is a process by which man transmits his experiences, new findings, and
values accumulated over the years, in his struggle for survival and development
through generations.
 Education enables individuals and society to make an all round participation in the
developmental process, by acquiring knowledge, ability, skills and attitudes.
 There are several factors which significantly correlate with academic success especially
in Major subject. The different student-related factors like personality traits, problem-
related reasons, time management, and self-esteem and test anxiety were also found to
be contributory factors to performance of students.
 The environment characteristics included the institutional characteristics, peer group,
faculty, and curriculum.
 The researchers want to determine the different factors that can affect the performance
of the students in their major subjects. It is also the researchers’strong belief that this
study can contribute to the improvement of the instruction in Navigation.

4.  This study aimed to determine whether the 2nd year MT students of NAMEI
Polytechnic Institute have acquired the necessary knowledge skill, values,
ethics and attitude.
Specifically, the research endeavored to answer the following:
 What is the profile of the 2nd MT students of NAMEI Polytechnic Institute
in terms of the following:
› Age
› Gender
› Civil Status
 How do the respondents evaluate themselves based on the elements in
terms of the following aspects:
› Techniques or Strategies Used in Navigation Subject
› Teaching Materials Used in Navigation subject (visual aids, books,
navigational devices and etc).
› Common Reactions of the 2nd year MT Students Towards in Navigation
Subject
 How will these methods and strategies will be able to enhance the 2nd year
MT student’s potential towards the subject?

5. This study is deemed significant to the following:
 To the Students of Marine Transportation, this
would provide necessary information to develop
their skills and knowledge in focusing the navigation
subject. It will also help to develop their interest
towards navigation and appreciate the importance of
navigation subject in their course,
 To the School Administrator, this study will
serve as a reference and also serve as a baseline data
to improve programs for school advancement.
 To the Future Researchers, the result of this
study can serve as basis for further study of teaching
learning activities and student’s performance in their
navigation subject.

6.  This study is limited only to 2nd year BSMT
students in NAMEI Polytechnic Institute during
the academic year 2014-2015.
 Determining the factors affecting the
difficulty of the 2nd year MT students in their
Navigation subject. This study was focus of this
research. The information needed will be
gathered using the checklist drawn from this
study were obtained by this particular group of
student.

7.  The study focuses on the following areas: demographic profile of the
respondents, common reactions or the perception and level of
comprehension of the students towards the navigation subject,
teaching materials used in navigation subject and
techniques/strategies used in navigation subject.
› In demographic profile of the respondents, the focus was on
the profile of respondents in terms of age, gender and civil status.
› In common reactions or the perception and level of
comprehension of the students towards the navigation
subject, the focus was on the exposure of the students towards
the subject.
› In teaching materials used in the navigation subject, the focus
was on the common teaching materials used by the
instructor/professor in navigation subject.
› In techniques/ strategies used in navigation subject, the focus
was on the most and least like techniques and strategies used in
navigation subject.
 The figure on the next page will show the framework of the study.

8. FACTOR AFFECTING THE
DIFFICULTIES OF THE 2ND YEAR
STUDENTS BATCH 2014-2015 IN
THEIR NAVIGATIOIN SUBJECT IN
NAMEI
COMMON REACTIONS
OR THE PERCEPTION
AND LEVEL OF
COMPREHENSION OF
THE STUDENTS TOWARDS
THE NAVIGATION
SUBJECT
DEMOGRAPHIC
PROFILE OF THE
RESPONDENTS
TEACHING MATERIAL
USED IN NAVIGATION
SUBJECT
TECHNIQUES AND
STRATEGIES USED IN
NAVIGATION SUBJECT

9.  The researchers were able to gather information from the 2nd year MT students
of NAMEI Polytechnic Institute. Form the population of one hundred eight
students (108); one hundred seven (107) are male while only one is female.
The researchers calculated the sample size using the Slovin’s formula which is
eighty-five (85) 2nd year MT students answered the survey questionnaire.
 The data gathered from the respondents have been tabulated and interpreted.
 The researchers used the marginal error of 5% as the basis and used the
Slovin’s formula.
n= N
1+N (e²)
 Where:
n - number of samples
N - totals of population
e - margin of error
 The researchers applied the Slovin’s formula that gives data needed in finding
the sampling with a 5% margin of error. Based on the formula, the sample size
was 85 2nd year MT students in NAMEI out of the total of 108.

10.  The data that were obtained in the survey were analyzed
and evaluated using the following statistical treatments:
 The frequency and percentage technique was used in
analyzing and evaluated the data on the profile of the
respondents using the following:
Formula:
P= f x 100
N
 Where:
P - Percent (%)
N - Number of respondents
f - Number of responses
100 - Constant value or factor

11.  TABLE 1.FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS
ACCORDING TO AGE
 The 2nd year BSMT students in NAMEI Polytechnic Institute are mostly at
the age of 16-18 years old with 63 respondents. It was followed by 19-21
with 21 respondents and the age 22-24 with 1 respondent.
AGES FREQUENCY
16-18 63
19-21 21
22-24 1
TOTAL 85

12. 74%
25%
1%
AGES
AGES OF 2ND YEAR BSMT STUDENTS OF NAMEI POLYTECHNIC
ISTITUTE
16-18 19-21 22-24
Seventy four percent (74 %) of 2nd year BSMT students in
NAMEI Polytechnic Institute are mostly at the age of 16-18. It
was followed by twenty five percent (25%) with ages of 19-21
and one percent (1%) of it was 22-24 years old.

13.  All students of 2ND year BSMT students are all single.
CIVIL STATUS FREQUENCY
SINGLE 85
MARRIED 0
TOTAL 85

14.  One hundred percent (100%) of 2ND year BSMT students are
all single.
100%
0%
CIVIL STATUS
CIVIL STATUS OF 2ND YEAR BSMT STUDENTS OF NAMEI POLYTECHNIC ISTITUTE
Single Married

15.  The 2nd year BSMT students in NAMEI Polytechnic Institute
composed of 84 males and 1 female.
GENDER FREQUENCY
MALE 84
FEMALE 1
TOTAL 9

16.  Ninety nine percent (99%) of 2nd year BSMT students
are male while one percent (1%) is female.
99%
1%
GENDER
GENDER OF 2ND YEAR BSMT STUDENTS OF NAMEI POLYTECHNIC ISTITUTE
MALE FEMALE

17.  FIGURE 4.PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS
ACCORDING TO PERCEPTION TOWARDS NAVIGATION SUBJECT
 According to the survey thirty eight percent (38%) of the respondents are
interested about the navigation subject, twenty one percent (21%) said that they
are confused with the same percentage said that they are excited about the subject
matter. Eleven percent (11%) is in active and nine percent (9%) are passive
towards the navigation subject.
38%
21% 21%
11%
9%
INTERSTING CONFUSING EXCITING ACTIVE PASSIVE

18.  According to the survey nineteenth percent (19%) of the respondents are excellent about
the level of comprehension towards the lesson in the navigation subject; twenty four
percent (24%) said that they are superior about the level of comprehension towards the
topics of the subject matter. Just like the percentage of excellent, nineteenth percent
(19%) of the respondents tells that they are very good about the level of comprehension
of subject matter. And also twenty four percent (24%) said that they are average and
fourteenth percent (14%) of the respondents are poor about the level of comprehension
towards the navigation subject.
19%
24%
19%
24%
14%
EXCELLENT SUPERIOR VERY GOOD AVERAGE POOR

19.  FIGURE 6.PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS
ACCORDING TO TEACHING PROCESS IN NAVIGATION SUBJECT
 Based on the survey twenty one percent (21%) of the respondents are choose using different
navigation devices, twelve percent (12%) are using modules and handouts, nineteenth percent
(19%) said that they using projector and laptop for visual aids with the same percentage also
said that they used verbal explanation of different theory. Twenty two percent (22%) is in
giving homework and seatwork and seven percent (7%) are required the students to report
according to the teaching process in navigation subject.
21%
12%
19% 19%
22%
7%
USING DIFFERENT NAVIGATION DEVICES USING MODULES AND HANDOUTS
USING PROJECTOR AND LAPTOP FOR VISUAL AIDS VERBAL EXPLANTION OF DIFFERENT THEORY
GIVING HOMEWORK AND SEATWORK REQUIRED THE STUDENTS TO REPORT

20.  FIGURE 7.PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING
TO MOST LIKED TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES USED BY
INTSTRUCTOR/PROFFESOR IN NAVIGATION SUBJECT
 Based on the survey twenty nine percent (29%) of the respondents are most liked using
different navigation devices, twenty one percent (21%) said that they liked using
modules and handouts, tenth percent (10%) is in using projector and laptop fir visual
aids. Twenty three percent (23%) are verbal explanation of different theory, twelve
percent (12%) tells that they liked giving homework and five percent (5%) of the
respondents are in required the students to report according to the most liked techniques
and strategies used by the instructor/ professor in navigation subject.
29%
21%
10%
23%
12%
5%
USING DIFFERENT NAVIGATION DEVICES USING MODULES AND HANDOUTS
USING PROJECTOR AND LAPTOP FOR VISUAL AIDS VERBAL EXPLANTION OF DIFFERENT THEORY
GIVING HOMEWORK AND SEATWORK REQUIRED THE STUDENTS TO REPORT

21.  FIGURE 8.PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO
LEAST LIKED TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES USED BY
INTSTRUCTOR/PROFFESOR IN NAVIGATION SUBJECT
 According to the survey sixteenth percent (16%) is not liked using different navigation
devices; twenty two percent (22%) said that they not like using modules and handouts,
twenty percent (20%) tell that they not liked using projector and laptop with the same
percentage also said that they not used verbal explanation of different theory. Fourteenth
percent (14%) are not liked giving homework and seatwork and lastly the eight percent (8%)
of the respondents are not liked required the students to report.
16%
22%
20% 20%
14%
8%
USING DIFFERENT NAVIGATION DEVICES USING MODULES AND HANDOUTS
USING PROJECTOR AND LAPTOP FOR VISUAL AIDS VERBAL EXPLANTION OF DIFFERENT THEORY
GIVING HOMEWORK AND SEATWORK REQUIRED THE STUDENTS TO REPORT

22.  After a thorough research process, the researcher arrived at
the following findings:
 Demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender and civil
status.
 The perception and level of comprehension of the 2nd year MT students
towards Navigation subject,
 Factors affecting the difficulties of the 2nd year MT students batch 2014-
2015 in their Navigation subject in NAMEI in terms of teaching process.
 Most liked techniques and strategies of 2nd year MT students used by
instructor/ professor in teaching Navigation subject.
 Least liked techniques and strategies of 2nd year MT students used by
instructor/ professor in teaching Navigation subject

23.  Based of the findings of the study, we also conclude the following conclusions were
drawn:
 The respondents are mostly between the ages of 16-18, majority male and single in
terms of civil status.
 The perception and level of comprehension of the 2nd year MT students towards
Navigation subject, majority of the respondents belongs to the thirty-eight percent
(38%) are interested in Navigation subject, while in the level of comprehension
majority of the respondents belongs to the twenty four percent (24%) said that they are
superior with the same percentage also said that they are average.
 A factor affecting the difficulties of the 2nd year MT student’s batch 2014-2015 in
their Navigation subject in NAMEI in terms of teaching process, majority of the
respondents belongs to the twenty two percent (22%) is in giving homework and
seatwork.
 Most liked techniques and strategies of 2nd year MT students used by instructor/
professor in teaching Navigation subject, majority of the respondents belongs to the
twenty nine percent (29%) of the respondents are most liked using different navigation
devices.
 Least liked techniques and strategies of 2nd year MT students used by instructor/
professor in teaching Navigation subject, majority of the respondents belongs to the
twenty two percent (22%) said that they didn’t like using modules and handouts.

24.  From the findings of the study as well as on the conclusions
drawn, the researchers strongly recommend the following:
 Provide new different kinds of Navigational instruments or
devices to allow the students to be exposed, familiarized the
instruments and especially how to use it.
 Extend the time used in the simulator room to allow the
students to know the real life experience onboard.
 Use other kinds of teaching method so that the students will
not bore and they will be excited to know the next topic all
about.
 Extend the conduct of practicum program to allow the
students clearly understand what the professor/instructor is
talking about.

25. The researcher wishes to express his
sincerest appreciation and heartfelt
gratitude to the participants in one way
or another for their valuable comments
and for sharing their precious time to
listen for our oral defense.
Above all, Almighty God for His blessings
in making this study into reality.
To all of them, the researchers are greatly
indebted.