The document discusses factors and multiples of numbers. It defines factors as the numbers that multiply together to get a product. It provides examples of finding all the factors of several numbers by trying all combinations of multiplying smaller numbers. It then defines multiples as the results of multiplying a number by the counting numbers 1, 2, 3, etc. It gives examples of listing the multiples of 4. Finally, it briefly introduces prime and composite numbers, with prime numbers only having two factors and composite having more.

1. Factors & Multiples
P4 Math

2. Factors
• Factors are the numbers you multiply
together to get a product.
• For example, the product 24 has several
factors.
• 24 = 1 x 24
• 24 = 2 x 12
• 24 = 3 x 8
• 24 = 4 x 6
• SO, the factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

3. Finding Factors
• Start with 1 x the number.
• Try 2, 3, 4, etc.
• When you repeat your factors, cross out
the repeat - you’re done at this point.
• If you get doubles (such as 4 x 4), then
you’re done. Repeats or doubles let
you know you’re done.

4. What are the factors of 16?
1 x 16
2x8
3 x ?? 3 is not a factor, so cross it out
4x4 doubles = done
The factors of 16 are
1,2,4,8,16

5. What are the factors of 18?
1 x 18 The factors are
2 x 9 1,2,3,6,9,18
3 x 6
4 x ??
5 x ??
6 x 3 Repeat! Cross it out!
We’re done!

6. What are the factors of 7?
1x7 The only factors
2 x ?? of 7 are 1,7
3 x ??
4 x ??
5 x ??
6 x ??
7 x 1 This works, but it is a repeat. We
are done.

7. Multiples
• A multiple is formed by multiplying a
given number by the counting numbers.
• The counting numbers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, etc.

8. Example: List the multiples of 4:
• 4x1=4 So, the multiples of 4
are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24,
• 4x2=8 28, etc.
• 4 x 3 = 12
• 4 x 4 = 16
• 4 x 5 = 20
• 4 x 6 = 24
Counting Numbers

9. What are the first five
multiples of 13?
13 x 1 =13
13 x 2 = 26
13 x 3 = 39 13, 26, 39, 52, 65
13 x 4 = 52
13 x 5 = 65

10. Find the Missing Multiples
24 30
• 6, 12, 18, ____, ____
3 15 18
• ___, 6, 9, 12, ____, ____, 21
12 72
• ___, 24, 36, 48, 60, ____

11. Prime and Composite
Numbers
Prime numbers are Composite numbers
numbers that only have have more than two
two factors: one, and the factors.
number itself.
EXAMPLES:
EXAMPLES: 6, 18, 30, 100
3, 5, 7, 11, 31