Fuel Cells need a hydrogen source, but there is a a lack of existing hydrogen infrastructures. This need for hydrogen available anywhere has lead ETI to develop a rugged, tactical Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System (HFRS) that accepts multiple feedstocks.
Process heat requirement constitutes a large part of global energy demand. Solar thermal harnesses heat from the sun that can be effectively used for process heat requirements, and save upto 30% cost when compared to conventional energy sources like gas, diesel, electricity etc.
HMX offers solar thermal solutions for steam generation and high-temperature hot water for a range of applications such as process heating, CIP (clean in place), pasteurization, distillation, cooking, air heating, etc., across industries and commercial establishments.
Fuel Cells need a hydrogen source, but there is a a lack of existing hydrogen infrastructures. This need for hydrogen available anywhere has lead ETI to develop a rugged, tactical Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System (HFRS) that accepts multiple feedstocks.
Process heat requirement constitutes a large part of global energy demand. Solar thermal harnesses heat from the sun that can be effectively used for process heat requirements, and save upto 30% cost when compared to conventional energy sources like gas, diesel, electricity etc.
HMX offers solar thermal solutions for steam generation and high-temperature hot water for a range of applications such as process heating, CIP (clean in place), pasteurization, distillation, cooking, air heating, etc., across industries and commercial establishments.
Selection of Optimal Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture Based on Gas Phase CO2 Composition - presentation by Adam berger of EPRI at the UKCCSRC Natural Gas CCS Network Meeting at GHGT-12, Austin, Texas, October 2014
Future carbon capture R&D efforts need to focus on cost reductions in three main areas: materials, processes and equipment. In this webinar Ron Munson, the Institute’s Principal Manager – Capture, gave an overview of the current directions in carbon capture R&D, including development of higher performance solvents, sorbents and membranes; process improvements and intensification; equipment development; and novel equipment designs.
New Generation of IBM Power Systems Delivering value with Red Hat Enterprise ...Filipe Miranda
New Generation of IBM Power Systems Delivering value with Red Hat Enterprise Linux - Learn about the new IBM Power8 architecture, about Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 for Power Systems and additional information on EnterpriseDB on how to migrate from Oracle to PostgreSQL.
UPDATED!
Selection of Optimal Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture Based on Gas Phase CO2 Composition - presentation by Adam berger of EPRI at the UKCCSRC Natural Gas CCS Network Meeting at GHGT-12, Austin, Texas, October 2014
Future carbon capture R&D efforts need to focus on cost reductions in three main areas: materials, processes and equipment. In this webinar Ron Munson, the Institute’s Principal Manager – Capture, gave an overview of the current directions in carbon capture R&D, including development of higher performance solvents, sorbents and membranes; process improvements and intensification; equipment development; and novel equipment designs.
New Generation of IBM Power Systems Delivering value with Red Hat Enterprise ...Filipe Miranda
New Generation of IBM Power Systems Delivering value with Red Hat Enterprise Linux - Learn about the new IBM Power8 architecture, about Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 for Power Systems and additional information on EnterpriseDB on how to migrate from Oracle to PostgreSQL.
UPDATED!
Solution of the problems associated with the development of safe and environmentally clean power industry.
Research in the field of energy conservation, chemical power generation, raising the efficiency of utilization of fuel, and utilization of renewable sources of energy.
This is a two day course on valuation and hedging techniques for power generation assets. The course provides in-depth analysis of methodologies to value and manage generation assets and power contracts. The course mainly covers thermal plants, but also contains separate discussion of virtual power plant contracts, tolling deals, and renewable assets.
With real life examples and cases studies the course will demonstrate what techniques can be used to properly value and manage power plants, thereby incorporating relevant technical and commercial plant constraints. Furthermore, the course shows how to construct realistic price scenarios, a key element in valuation and hedging.
This is a presentation given during our studies at the Moore School of Business of the University of South Carolina on hydrogen fuel cell technologies.
1839 - Sir William Grove, first electrochemical H2/O2
reaction to generate energy
• 1950s - GE developed the solid-ion exchange H2 fuel cell
used by NASA
• 1960s- GE produced the fuel cell-based electrical power
system for NASA Gemini and Apollo space capsules
• 1960s other fuel cells discovered – phosphoric acid, SOFC,
molten carbonate
• 1970s – Vehicle manufacturers began to experiment FCEV.
• 1990 – The California Air Resource Board introduced the
Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Mandate.
• 2000 – Fuel cell buses were deployed as part of the
HyFleet/CUTE project
• 2007 – fuel cell started to be sold commercially as APU
• 2008 – Honda begins leasing the FCX fuel cell electric
vehicle.
• 2009 – Large scale of residential CHP programme in Japan.
This is a report on the design of a plant to produce 20 million standard cubic feet per day (0.555 × 106 standard m3/day) of hydrogen (H2) of at least 95% purity from heavy fuel oil (HFO) with an upstream time of 7680 hours/year applying the process of partial oxidation of the heavy oil feedstock.
Similar to Facilitating a Hydrogen Infrastructure (20)
Energy Technologies Inc. introduces the industry’s most powerful 1U high UPS. This 1U high UPS produces a full 2000 Watts continuously from -20 C to +60C ambient with a full 13 minutes of battery backup at 2000 Watts (150% overload for 5 seconds, 110% continuous overload). This UPS if fully compliant with MIL-STD-1399-300B, MIL-STD-810G, MIL-STD-461F, MIL-STD-704F and MIL-STD-1275D.
The UPS is equipped with Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries that provide the lowest weight and maximum backup performance. Several options are available to support your application such as custom designed output configurations, DC input and DC Output requirements. The UPS can be configured for three phase applications, field swappable N+1 applications and be paralleled, up to 32 units.
Energy Technologies, Inc. (ETI) offers Tactical Solar Panels to generate power for your mobile electric power and battery charging applications. Incorporating Solid State, Thin-Film, Solar Cells, these power packs provide an excellent choice for applications that require lightweight, flexible, durable, silent power.
Unlike other solar providers who only sell panels, ETI enhances the value of its solar offerings with our line of Solar Briefcase and Solar Suitcase Products. These rugged portable cases combine chargers, inverters, or batteries into cases with solar panels, allowing for more power capacity and reliability in the field.
ETI's larger panels are available in flexible 10' x 20' sections mounted to rollable shelter flys to provide roof covering to tactical shelters while providing solar power. These solar coverings also serve to further insulate shelters thereby reducing power required for heating/cooling.
Tactical UPS® & Global Power Conditioners: Designed to be deployed anywhere in the world, where some form of local AC power is available, ETI's global UPS and power conditioners convert any world voltage and frequency into clean, true sinewave 50, 60 or 400 hertz AC power; allowing computers, communications equipment and other critical gear to be reliably operated anywhere in the world. Optional battery modules convert our power conditioners into full featured UPS increasing the overall power availability even during severe power sags and interruptions. These global UPS units provide highly reliable AC and/or DC power while meeting either computer-grade or medical-grade requirements. Some models can derive power from both available AC or vehicular DC.
ETI has teamed with Utilis USA to offer complete systems solutions for deployable shelters. Utilis manufactures a series of rapidly deployable tactical soft-wall shelters. By combining ETI's portable power sources either company can offer a total solution to deployable shelter requirements.
Energy Technologies' (ETI) products are the Standard in rugged, high-reliability Power Generation, Power Conditioning, Power Distribution and Computer Peripherals for military, industrial, medical and telecommunications sectors. All of these product lines are available in Rackmount, NEMA, Portable and Customer Specific configurations.
Energy Technologies' (ETI) products are the standard in rugged, high-reliability power conditioning for the defense, industrial, medical and telecommunications sectors. These modular products are in use around the world including Intelligent UPS, Power Inverters, PDUs, Power Conditioners, Frequency Converters, Portable Generators, Solar & Wind Energy, Fuel Cells, Energy Storage and Micro Grid Controllers.
ETI offers a wide range of products, but this site focuses primarily on our Tactical Power® lines. The rugged Tactical Power Series of power conditioning, generating, distribution, energy storage and associated products are readily deployable worldwide, quickly providing the Warfighter with dependable computer-grade power and/or medical-grade power for use in the field.
Presentation made at Joint Service Power Expo 2011. Tactical Micro Grid® control of legacy power systems with integrated solar, wind and fuel cell power sources and Li Ion energy storage to minimize fossil fuel usage in mobile and stationary applications.
Tactical Solar line of rapidly deployable solar power sources to power computers, communincations, sensors, video and other electronics anywhere the sun shines.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
Facilitating a Hydrogen Infrastructure
1. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Facilitating a Hydrogen Infrastructure in
Support of Fuel Cell Power Generation
Dan Madden, PE, CEO
Tim Lowe, PhD, VP Sales
Hybrid Energy Technologies®
a division of Energy Technologies, Inc.
233 Park Avenue East
Mansfield, OH 44902-1845
pdmadden@ruggedsystems.com
tdlowe@ruggedsystems.com
www.HybridEnergyTechnologies.com
2. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Typical Hydrogen Production
• A process called “reforming” can be used to produce hydrogen from various materials.
• Steam Reformation is the most commonly used today. This process typically uses
nonrenewable natural gas as its feedstock and is energy intensive.
• The hydrogen produced is typically only 70% pure, requiring additional processing for
many applications.
• Steam Reformation produces CO2. For every ton of hydrogen, 11 tons of CO2 are
produced.
• By using a non-renewable feed stocks and producing greenhouse gas, the hydrogen
produced by Steam Reformation is often referred to as “brown hydrogen”.
• States are now starting to mandate that 33% of all H2 production be from renewable
sources. This hydrogen is referred to as “green hydrogen”
3. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Hydrogen Infrastructure
• The existing hydrogen infrastructure in developed countries is minimal and nearly non-
existent in less developed countries.
• Steam Reformer plants are usually large, stationary facilities to keep the cost per
kilogram down. They are typically located near the largest users, i.e. steel and chemical
industries.
• The majority of hydrogen users do not use enough to justify the large capital expense
associated with the Steam Reformer. This multitude of smaller hydrogen users comprise
the merchant market. To serve this market, the hydrogen is typically liquefied and put in
specialized tanker trucks. At depots, the hydrogen is then returned to the gaseous state at
various pressures, put into cylinders and delivered by other trucks.
• All of this results in the hydrogen delivered to the merchant market having its cost
increased 2-5 times.
4. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Hydrogen Production From
Multiple Feedstock Categories
• ETI and its collaborators have developed a new reformation process that allows the use
of a multiple of feedstocks including renewables to produce hydrogen.
• ETI’s modular and scalable Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System™ (HFRS) will allow
the production of hydrogen at or near the point of use, reducing or avoiding the
transport costs.
• The HFRS typically produces 98-99% pure hydrogen avoiding any additional clean up
processes.
• The HFRS reaction does not produce or release CO or CO2 to the atmosphere.
• For all of these reasons, the hydrogen produced by this process is truly “green
hydrogen”.
5. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Fuel Fuel
ĥAlkaline material is used as a reactant in the reformation process
ƒƒ• Carbonate is formed as a by-product instead of CO2
BFR SR
Na2CO3, K2CO3, CaCO3
etc..
NaOH, KOH,
Ca(OH)2 etc..
(H2O) H2
What is Base-Facilitated Reforming (BFR)?
H2O(steam) H2, CO2, (CO)
6. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Base-Facilitated Reforming
CH4 + 2NaOH + H2O ↔ Na2CO3 + 4H2
Steam Reforming
CH4 + 2H2O ↔ CO2 + 4H2
CH4 + H2O ↔ CO + 3H2
CO + H2O ↔ CO2 + H2 Gas Shift
------------------------------
CH4 + 2H2O ↔ CO2 + 4H2
Example – Methane (CH4)
7. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Example – Methanol (CH3OH)
Base-Facilitated Reforming
CH3OH + 2NaOH ↔ Na2CO3 + 3H2
Steam Reforming
CH3OH + H2O ↔ CO2 + 3H2
CH3OH ↔ CO + 2H2
CO + H2O ↔ CO2 + H2 Gas Shift
-------------------------------
CH3OH + H2O ↔ CO2 + 3H2
12. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
CO2
H2 + CO H2 + CO2
WGS Fuel Cell or
Storage
PSAReactor
Steam Reforming Process
Feedstock
H2O(steam)
H2
catalyst
WGS – Water Gas Shift
PSA – Pressure Swing Absorption
13. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Base-Facilitated Reformation Process
Simple One Step Reaction
to High Purity Hydrogen
Feedstock
H2
NaOH H2O
BFR Reactor
Carbonate
recycling
Fuel Cell
or
Storage
14. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Base-Facilitated Reforming
More Favorable Thermodynamics
Lower Operating Temperatures
Gibbs free energies ΔG° are significantly lower in the BFR process compared to Steam
Reforming – Lower reaction temperatures
Fuel Δ G° (Kcal/mole) Reaction temperature (˚C)
CH4 (SR) +31.2 900
CH4 (BFR) +0.55 300
CH3OH (SR) +2.2 350
CH3OH (BFR) -28.5 120
C2H5OH (SR) +23.3 800
C2H5OH (BFR) -38.3 130
C6H12O6 (SR) -8.2 900
C6H12O6 (BFR) -192 220
15. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Base-Facilitated Reforming
More Favorable Thermodynamics
Lower Heat Requirement
Enthalpies ΔH° are significantly lower in the BFR process compared to
Steam Reforming – Lower heat of reaction and higher efficiencies
Fuel ΔH°(Kcal/mole) Efficiency(%)
CH4 (SR) Methane +60.5 92
CH4 (BFR) Methane +12.9 113
CH3OH (SR) Methanol +31.5 94
CH3OH (BFR) Methanol -9.7 114-121
C2H5OH (SR) Ethanol +83.3 92
C2H5OH (BFR) Ethanol +1.0 117
C6H12O6 (SR) Glucose +150.2 92
C6H12O6 (BFR) Glucose -96.8 114-136
C12H22O11 (SR) Sucrose +213.4 91
C12H22O11(BFR) Sucrose -291.3 112-136
C6H10O5 (SR) Cellulose +146.1 90
C6H10O5 (BFR) Cellulose -169.3 112-153
16. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Advantages of BFR Process
• One step reaction – making reformer design simpler
• No CO or CO2 gases formed – Water gas shift and PSA not necessary.
• Pure hydrogen is formed.
• Greener process – CO2 sequestered as a carbonate (i.e. Na2CO3)
• Lower operating temperatures.
• Operation in liquid phase is possible.
• Batch or continuous operation possible
• Lower heat (ΔH°) required for reforming so more efficient and
less expensive operation
• Can be used to reform variety of fuels. Reforming renewable
fuels a major advantage.
17. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Reformation Fuels Demonstrated
Alcohols: Methanol, Ethanol, Crude Ethanol, E95, Ethylene Glycol, Glycerol (from bio-diesel plant)
Sugars, Starches: Glucose, Fructose, Starch (Corn starch, Potato starch) , Food wastes
Fossil Fuels: Methane (Natural Gas, Landfill Gas, Bio-Gas), Coal
Biomass: Grass, Sawdust, Woodchips, Corn, Potato Peels, Cellulose, Hemicelluloses
(Xylan from Beachwood), Lignin (Organosolv), Fryer Oils
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW): Paper
Examples of Fuels Reformed by ETI’s Base-Facilitated Reformation
18. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Lab Batch
reactor 100 ml
open volume
(rate: 3L H2/hr
for 0.5hrs)
Semi-Continuous reactor
with storage tank 4L open
volume (rate: 10L H2/hr
for 8 hrs)
Continuous reactor producing H2
(rate: 100L/hr as long as needed)
Reactors For Base-Facilitated Reformation
Semi-Continuous Continuous
Batch
19. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Prototype 10 kg H2/day Base-Facilitated
Solid Biomass Fluidized Bed Reactor
20. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
100 Kg, 500 Kg, 1500 Kg & 2000 Kg of H2
Per Day Line Drawing
Configured for recycle of Carbonate into Pure CO2 for
market sale and Hydroxide returned to input as makeup.
Module size and cost can be reduced if Carbonate is
disposed as waste to landfill or sold.
21. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Mobile HFRS Packaged System
22. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Scalable up to
2000 kg of H2
Per Day
Modules can
operate in
parallel for
greater
capacity.
Containerized HFRS Packaged System
23. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Applications and Configurations
Point of Use H2 Generation and AC Generation Application
24. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Applications and Configurations
Landfill Site H2 Generation, Storage and Distribution
Bio-reformation
Module System
Single Unit
2000 Kg/Day
25. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Waste to Fuel Reformation Process Concept
26. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Both DOE and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) fund NREL's hydrogen and
fuel cell evaluations. A joint plan describes these evaluations, and the table below
summarizes both current and planned DOE- and FTA-funded projects.
DOE/FTA Fuel Cell Bus Projects
27. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Hydrogen Vehicle Introductions
• Toyota (US Introduction in 2015)
• Honda (US Production in 2016)
• Hyundai (US Introduction 2014)
• Other companies, like General Motors, Ford, and Audi are
working on similar cars.
28. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Remote Site H2 Generation, Storage and Distribution
Distribution of H2 Storage
Module to Mobile Refueling
Vehicle & Permanent Station
29. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
SUBHEAD
Mobile H2 Distribution for Vehicle and Bulk Station Refueling
30. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
By-Product (carbonate) Recycling
31. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
What do we do with solid carbonate?
•ƒDisposal of carbonate to sequester CO2
• Use the carbonate to generate pure CO2 for various industrial
applications (soda, liquid fuel synthesis, etc..)
• Sell Na2CO3 or CaCO3 for various industrial applications
(i.e. glass)
• Recycling back to hydroxide
32. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Recycling of Na2CO3
ƒ•Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + 2NaOH
ĥ CaCO3
heat → CaO + CO2
ƒ• CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
-----------------------------------------------------
Recausticizing - a common commercial process in the paper mill industry
33. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Methane Feedstock ($2.54/kg) Ethanol Feedstock ($3.59/kg)
Biomass Feedstock ($1.93/kg)
$0.67
$0.71
$0.38
$0.68
$1.17 $0.38
Reformation at 1,500 kg Hydrogen Per Day
Cost Structure
$0.57
Capital eq
Fixed O&M
Feedstock
Utilities
$0.31
$0.31
Capital eq
Fixed O&M
Feedstock
Utilities
Capital eq
Fixed O&M
Feedstock
Utilities$2.19
$0.31
$0.38
34. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Economics of Base-Facilitated Reformation
ĥUsed the DOE H2A economic analysis tool
ƒ • Net present value with Internal Rate of Return (IRR): 10%
ƒ • 20 years depreciation on facility equipment
ƒ • 10 years depreciation on reactor
ƒ • Cost of feedstock and electricity taken from Energy Information
Administration (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook report
35. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Substantiation of Technology and Business
Case Performed by Independent Third Parties
• Basic H2 Reformation Science R & D performed by
Energy Conversion Devices (ECD) / Ovonics, Rochester Hills, MI
• Department of Energy (DOE) SBIR Phase 1 and 2 managed by
Directed Technologies and Strategic Analysis, Inc., Arlington, VA
• Business Model Marketing Analysis performed by
SRA International, Inc., Fairfax, VA
• Emerging Hydrogen Market Forecast performed by
Navigant Research, Washington, DC
• Business Case Studies and Financial Analysis performed by
University of Michigan Global MBA MAP Team, Ann Arbor, MI
36. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Summary
ĥThe Base-Facilitated Reforming (BFR) process has been demonstrated on
wide variety of fuels.
ĥ The reforming temperatures using the BFR process are significantly lower
than the electrolysis or steam reformation process of the fuels.
ĥ The BFR process exhibits good H2 generation rates at the low temperatures
of operation.
ĥ The BFR process is a simple one step process. Pure H2 and no CO and CO2
produced. WGS reaction and PSA are therefore avoided and the process is
environmentally clean.
ĥ The BFR process is economically feasible and competes well with other
technologies.
37. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Summary
ƒ
• High conversion of raw biomass feedstock's and high yield (close to 100%)
of H2 was obtained using BFR.
ĥ The process operates at low temperatures without producing CO and CO2
gases and it is economically feasible.
ĥ Commercialization of 100 kg, 500 kg, 1500 kg and 2000 kg of H2 per day
is underway.
• For example, an 1800 kg per day module can support a 1 Mw fuel cell at full
load continuously.
• Besides being scalable, the module can work in parallel.
38. Energy Technologies, Inc. Mansfield Ohio 44902
Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System
Contact Information
Energy Technologies, Inc.
233 Park Ave East
Mansfield, OH 44902
419.522.4444 Voice
419.522.4466 Fax
Tim Lowe, PhD, VP of Sales
tdlowe@ruggedsystems.com
Dan Madden, PE, CEO
pdmadden@ruggedsystems.com