in this presentation i presented about quantum dots, chemical and physical methods that we can obtain or fabricates the quantum dots and also some important applications related to the quantum dots 's unique properties.

1. Presented by : Muhammad Hashami
Student of Master
2023
Fabrication and application of
quantum dots
Kazakh National Named Al-
Farabi University

2. introduction
Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoscale
semiconductor particles due to their unique
optical and electronic properties, have gained
significant attention in recent years. These
properties are dependent on the size, shape,
and composition of the quantum dots.
Fabricating quantum dots involves a variety of
techniques, and here are some common
methods. And applications that are mostly
realated to Quantum dots.

3. Methods for fabrication of quantum dots
various methods used to fabricate quantum dots. The choice of method
depends on the desired properties and applications of the QDs.
• Chemical Synthesis:
• Physical Synthesis:
• Electrochemical Synthesis:
• Microfabrication Techniques:

4. Chemical synthesis
quantum dots production by occurring a chemical reaction is called chemical synthesis.
chemical synthesis are describes in two types.
• colloidal synthesis: in this synthesis precursor materials are dissolved in a solvent
and then reacted to form nanoparticles. popular examples are the synthesis of
semiconductor quantum dots like CdSe, CdTe, or PbS. [1].
• Hydrothermal Synthesis: the quantum dots are growing at high temperatures and
pressures in an aqueous solution. This method is suitable to produce a high-quality
QDs.

5. physical synthesis
quantum dots production with no chemical reaction is called chemical
synthesis. Usually important physical synthesis are as follows
• Laser Ablation: production of quantum dots by using a high-power laser in a liquid
environment. useful for creating QDs from a wide range of materials.
• Plasma Synthesis: This the creation of quantum dots through a plasma discharge in a
gas-phase environment.

6. Microfabrication Techniques:
usualy microfabrication is known as Top-down techniques,
Quantum dots can be fabricated using top-down approaches by etching or
carving them out from bulk materials.
Electrochemical synthesis
in This method we use electrochemical methods that allows for precise control
over the size and composition of the QDs.

7. Biological Imaging:
due to their exceptional photo stability and tunable
emission wavelengths. QDs can be applied for tracking
and labeling cells, proteins, and other biomolecules.
Applications
Quantum dots (QDs) have a wide range of applications across various fields, primarily
Here are some significant applications of quantum dots.
Display Technology:
employed in displays to enhance color quality
and energy efficiency. such as QLED (Quantum
Dot Light Emitting Diode) TVs.
Solar Cells:
enhancing light absorption and charge separation, can
improve the efficiency of solar cells.

8. Applications
LED Lighting:
used in LED lighting to produce high-quality, tunable light.
Quantum Computing:
due to their ability to trap and manipulate single electrons.
considered potential qubits in quantum computing.
Cancer Detection and Therapy:
QDs used for targeting and treating cancer cells.
Sensors and Detectors:
QDs in sensors and detectors for their sensitivity to various environmental
changes.

9. Conclusion
quantum dots represent intersection of nanotechnology, materials
science, and various scientific disciplines. The fabrication of quantum
dots involves many methods, ranging from chemical synthesis to physical
and electrochemical approaches, allowing for precise control over size,
composition, and properties. These methods have opened up a realm of
possibilities for applications across numerous fields. QDs serve as
powerful tools in biological imaging, display technology, solar cells and
LED lighting, leading to the development of these fields. and also have
role in applications in environmental sensing, cancer detection and
therapy, security, and anti-counterfeiting measures.

10. Thank you from your attention
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