This document provides an overview of expository writing techniques and discusses the COVID-19 pandemic using some of those techniques. It describes COVID-19 symptoms and how it spreads from person to person. It explains some of the causes of the virus's spread, like lack of social distancing and precautions. It compares COVID-19 to influenza, discussing their similarities and differences. It also discusses some problems caused by the pandemic like economic issues and access to online education, and proposes potential solutions.

1. Chemical engineering department
( Session 2019-22)
Name: Muhammad Hamad Qureshi
Roll No. : D-19-CH-61
Subject : Technical Report Writing
Topic : Expository writing (COVID-19)
Submitted to : Mam Irum Pervez

2. Expository Writing
Typesof expositorywriting:
 Descriptive
 Cause and effect
 Problemandsolution
 Comparisonandcontrast
 Sequence
 Descriptive:
COVID-19isan infectiousdiseasecausedbyacoronavirusandcanspreadfrompersontoperson.
Most people withthisvirus mayfeel severe respiratoryillness.Agedpeople, andthose whoare
already facing health problems like cancer, stomach disorder, weak immune system and other
respiratorydiseases mightdie fromthisvirus. As42% patientsthat recoveredfromthisvirusare
inbetween18to 40. COVID-19alsospreadwhenaninfectedpersoncoughorsneeze. The period
inwhichthisvirusshowsymptomsinbodyiscalledincubationperiod,whichisabout2to 14days.
In order to protect ourselves, we should wash our hands with hand sanitizer, maintain social
distancing, coughing into a flexed elbow and cover our mouth and nose with mask.
 Cause and effect:
COVID-19is a newinfectiousdiseasecausedbynovel coronavirus. Because of ourover-crowded
marketsandotherpublicplacesCOVID19 isspreadingbyleapsandbound. People are nottaking
precautionarymeasureslike wearing face mask,social distancingetc.,whichledtothe spreadof
corona virus. Most people in the world are not following the guidance that are given by their
healthexpertswhichalsocause the spreadof COVID-19.Countries like NewzlandandChina that
followed the guidelines given by their heath care professionals could cope up with this virus.
Furthermore, If people continue to violate the SOPs then countries will face the issues like
economic, social and healthcare.
 Comparisonand contrast:
COVID-19 and influenza(flu orSpanishflu) bothare contagiousrespiratorydiseases.Like COVID-
19 Flu alsospreadfrom personto person.Symptomsof fluandCOVID-19are much more similar
like fever,cough,shortnessof breath,runnynoseandheadache. The incubationperiodof COVID-
19 is about 2 to 14 days on the other hand the incubation period of Flu is about 1 to 4 days.
Complicationof COVID19 are damaginglungs,kidneysandheartandthe complicationof Fluare
inflammationof brain, heartandmusclestissues.AccordingtoWHO,those peoplethatdiedfrom
COVID-19are about694,715 andthe 290,000 people are dyingeveryyearfromflu.However,both
can be pre preventedbyhandwashing, coughing into the crook of elbow and social distancing.

3.  Problemand solution:
COVID-19isaglobal problemtherefore itneedsglobalattention.Firstly,COVID-19urgedthe poor
people tolivefromhandtomouth,governmentneedstoprovidegoodsandservicesto suchtype
of people. Secondly, due to this pandemic online classes are arranged by the most educational
institutions these classes do not fulfill the need of students. As during physical classes, student
performpractical task inlabswhichare not possible virtually. Furthermore, inremote areas they
have not onlyaccessto internet butalsoface problemsof loadshedding.Soauthoritiesneedsto
contact with IT companies to provide 3G/4G service to sort out this issues. Thirdly, in order to
avoid crowd from marketplaces shopkeeper needs to create online marketplaces that could
connectpeople bystayingathome suchasfooddeliveriesandvirtualchildcare.Thisalsoremoves
the discomfort that developed by this outbreak from the people lives and allow themto access
all supplies and services without leaving home. However, in order to solve this problem
government and people should need to work together.
 Sequence:
COVID-19 isinitiallystartedfromChinaWuhancity. Afterthat,it graduallyembracedthe whole
world. Thispandemicishindrance betweenthe peersandfamilymembers. Now,manycountries
started planning that how to deal with this pandemic. Firstly, many countries imposed strict
lockdown toavoidcrowd.Secondly,theywerespreadingawarenessaboutnovelcoronavirusand
pursuingpeople towearfacemaskandmaintainsocialdistancing. Thirdly, manycountriesstarted
online shopping to avoid crowd in markets. By taking these precautionary measures many
countrieslike NewzlandandChinagetridof thispandemic. AccordingtoWHO,the total number
of cases in the world are about 18,281,743 and total number of deaths are about 693,683. In
ordertoovercome thispandemic,worldshouldfollow the guidelinessuchhandwashing,wearing
face mask, avoid hand shaking and close contact.