2. Turkey’s location is interesting because it is partially in Europe, partially in Asia.
The small area of land west of the Bosporus Strait is geographically Europe, while
the rest east of the strait is geographically Asia. Turkey borders three seas:
Aegean, Black, and Mediterranean. In area, it is slightly larger than the state of
Texas. Turkey’s geography includes plateaus, coastal plains, and mountain
ranges. Turkey borders eight countries: Bulgaria, Greece, Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Georgia, Iran, Iraq, and Syria.
3. Country Quick Facts
Full name: Republic of Turkey
Population: about 83,746,825 (2019)
Capital: Ankara
Largest city: Istanbul
Official languages: Turkish
Major religion: Muslim (99.8%, mostly Sunni)
Life expectancy: male- 72.3 , female: 77
Monetary unit: Turkish lira
Main exports: apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufacturers, transport
equipment
GNI per capita: $18,800 (2013)
4. Turkish History in Brief
History in the land that is now Turkey dates
back to 7500 BC
547 BC Cyrus of Persia conquers most of
Anatolia (Turkey)
127 BC Anatolia becomes the Roman Province
of Asia or Asia Minor
330 AD Constantine, the ruler of the Byzantine
Empire, founds New Rome (later to become
Constantinople and Istanbul, respectively)
1243 Mongol Invasion
1288 The Ottoman Empire is founded
Hagia Sophia was a Christian
basilica built in 537AD in
Constantinople (Istanbul). It was
later converted to a mosque when
the Ottomans took over
Constantinople. Today it is open as
a museum and is part of a
UNESCO World Heritage Site
5. History continued
1453 Constantinople conquered and becomes Istanbul
1520-1566 Golden Age of the Ottoman Empire
1699 the decline of the Ottoman Empire begins
1914 Turkey allies with Germany during WWI, but stays
neutral in WWII (1939)
Late 1910s/early 1920s the Ottoman Empire falls
1923 What is left of the Ottoman Empire becomes the
Republic of Turkey, great reforms start taking place
1940s- democratic elections introduced
1952 Turkey joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)
2005 The lira, Turkey’s current currency, is introduced Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent,
ruler during the Ottoman Golden
Age
6. Hagia Sophia interior (above)
Library of Celsus,
Selçuk, Turkey built
in 135AD (right)
7. Language
HELLO: Merhaba
GOODBYE: Hoşçakal
YES: Evet
NO: Hayır
THANK YOU: Teşekkür ederim
YOU’RE WELCOME: Bir şey değil
PLEASE: Lütfen
I LOVE YOU: Seni seviyorum
HOW ARE YOU: Nasılsınız?
9. Current Issues
Tons of refugees from Iraq and Syria (concerns that they
are not taken care of)
Northern Cyprus: A self declared state (Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus) on the island of Cyprus, Turkey is the
only country to recognize it
Disputes the idea that the mass killings of Armenians in
the early 20th century were genocide
Unstable economy
Turkey-PKK conflict: armed conflict between Turkey and
Kurdish insurgent groups that want separation and to
create their own independent Kurdistan; Kurds are an
ethnic minority in Turkey, they also have their own
language
Human trafficking
10. Economy
18th largest economy in the world
Largely free market economy
Has been a candidate country for the European Union since 1999
Agricultural sector still accounts for 25% of employment
High current account deficit
G20 country: group of the world’s largest advanced and emerging
economies
Germany is their largest trading partner
Dependent on short-term investment to finance its large current account
deficit
14. Turkish Cuisine
Turkey has one of the most famous cuisines in the world
Turkish food is a mix of Central Asian, Middle Eastern,
and Balkan cuisine by Ottoman chefs
Typically rich in fish, lamb, beef, chicken, eggplants, nuts,
garlic, lentils, cumin, pepper, mint, oregano, parsley, and
paprika
Doner Kebabs- sliced strips of chicken or beef in a pita-
like wrap with onions, lettuce, and tomatoes
Baklava-layered pastry filled with nuts and covered in
sweet syrup
Turkish delight- one of the oldest sweets in the world, gel
candy often filled with some type of nut like hazelnut and
covered in powdered sugar
15. (Left) Various types of
Turkish delight, (Below)
street doner kebab, (bottom
left) baklava
16. Turkish Coffee and Tea
Turkey is well know for its own version of tea and coffee
Tea is drank all throughout the day and sharing tea is a sign of friendship;
sugar is often presented in cubes (pictured bottom left)
Turkish coffee is much stronger than American coffee; it is often served
with a sweet like Turkish delight candies and in fancy cup
17. Fun Facts
The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul has 64 streets, 4,000
shops, and 25,000 workers
Istanbul, which is not the capital of Turkey, is the 3rd
largest city in Europe
Turkey has 15 world heritage sites
Turks introduced tulips to the Dutch, which the Dutch
are now famous for
Turkey has 82,693 mosques
The ancient real-life city of Troy was located in modern-
day Turkey and is one of the 15 UNESCO sites
Every 10 days a new plant species is discovered in
Turkey