Mental health and psychosocial disorders are pervasive throughout the business world. Leadership needs to understand the cost benefits of incorporating these issues into existing safety and health management systems to improve the livelihoods of bot workers and their families. By improving policy, programs and procedures, everyone benefits from a better working environment, climate and culture.
Spermiogenesis or Spermateleosis or metamorphosis of spermatid
Expanding the Boundaries of ISO 45001 into ISO 45003 and Beyond
1. Expanding the Boundaries of
ISO 45001: OHSMS with ISO
45003 and ISO/PAS 45005:2020
Presented by:
Bernard L. Fontaine, Jr., CIH, CSP, FAIHA
May 26, 2022
MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 1
2. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 2
The body of work comes from the Intelex Technology
Corporation and Flourish Dx to accurately understand the
psychosocial and psychological risk factors and mental
health associated with organizational culture and
workforce.
Other portions come from the Canadian Centre for
Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), International
Standards Organization (ISO) 45003 – Occupational
Health and Safety at Work – Guidelines for Managing
Psychosocial Risk and 45003 for COVID-19 concerns
under the ISO 45001 standard and other stakeholders, and
the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Disclaimer
3. Defining Mental Health in the Workplace
• Mental health is a state of wellbeing that realizes an
individual’s ability to cope with normal stresses of life,
work productively and contribute to community (WHO).
• It includes emotional, psychological, and social wellbeing.
• It affects how we think, feel, and act.
• It helps how we handle stress, relate to others, and make
choices.
• Work has a huge impact on mental health – it can
promote wellbeing or alternatively trigger problems.
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Mental Health Continuum in the Workplace
5. Outline: Mental Health in the Workplace
• Cost burden of mental illness to employers
• Health and productivity burden of mental illness
• Addressing risk factors for mental health and illness
• Moving from illness to health – prevention and
intervention
• Moving from problems to sustainable solutions
• Recommendations for affirmative action
• Develop a recognition program and a scorecard
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Hierarchy of Controls Applied to TWH
13.
14.
15. ISO 45001:2018
• ISO 45001:2018 specifies requirements for an OEHS
management system, guide for its use, to enable
organizations to provide safe and healthy workplaces
by preventing work-related injury and ill health and
proactively improving its OHS performance.
• ISO 45001:2018 applies to any organization to
establish, implement and maintain an management
system to improve occupational health and safety,
eliminate hazards and minimize OEHS risks, take
advantage of opportunities, and address management
system nonconformities associated with its activities.
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Poll Question
What is psychological health and safety? Please select all of the appropriate
answers.
Emotional Social Governance
Emotional Intelligence
Worker Health and Safety
31. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 31
Poll Question
What is psychological health and safety? Please select all of the appropriate
answers.
Emotional Social Governance
Emotional Intelligence
Worker Health and Safety
36. Definitions
• Good stress (Eustress) – beneficial stress that makes an employee feel positively
challenged in his/her work environment
• Bad stress (Distress) – harmful stress that causes undue burden to the subjected
employee, resulting in perceived or actual negative health effects
• Psychologically healthy and safe workplace – a workplace that promotes
workers’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm, including
in negligent, reckless, or intentional ways.
• Presenteeism is the action of workers coming to work despite having a sickness
that justifies an absence, therefore they are performing their work under sub-
optimal conditions
37. Definitions
• Job burnout is a state of physical, emotional or mental exhaustion caused by
long-term exposure to demanding work situations
• Burnout is the cumulative result of stress. Anyone can experience job burnout.
Professions with high job demands and few supports can increase the prevalence
of burnout and reduce engagement
• Harassment, Violence, Bullying and Mobbing – Most people think of violence as a
physical assault but it is abuse, threats, intimidation or assaulted while working
in-person and remotely
• Substance use, misuse, abuse and coping strategies can have a significant impact
on mental health at work. Addictions and mental health conditions are often
coupled (called a concurrent disorder)
38. Definitions
• Organization is any person or group of people that has its own functions with
responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives
• Interested party or stakeholder is person or organization that can affect, be
affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision or activity
• Worker or contractor is anyone performing work or work-related activities that
are under the direct control of the organization
• Management system is set of interrelated or interacting elements of an
organization to establish policies and objectives and processes to achieve those
objectives
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General Workplace Stress Statistics
• 55% of Americans are stressed during the day
• 30% marked their job or careers as regular causes of
stress
• 48% of employees agreed they felt more callous toward
people since they took their job
• 65% of workers said that workplace stress had caused
difficulties, and more than
• 42% of employees report yelling and verbal abuse is
common, while
• 29% yelled at co-workers from workplace stress
40. Workplace Stress by the Numbers
• 83% of US workers suffer from work-related stress
• US businesses lose up to $300 billion yearly from workplace stress
• Stress causes around one million workers to miss work every day
• Only 43% of US employees think their employers care about their work-life
balance
• Depression leads to $51 billion in costs due to absenteeism and $26 billion in
treatment costs
• Work-related stress causes 120,000 deaths and results in $190 billion in
healthcare costs yearly
43. Psychological Health and Safety
• Psychosocial exposures or “misery” is associated with physical ailments and
disease
• Psychosocial factors such as mental stress, hostility, depression, hopelessness,
and job control appear to be associated with physical health—particularly
coronary heart disease
• Other adverse risk due to psychosocial factors seem to cluster with general
social disadvantage and organizational climate
• Explore 13 organizational factors impacting organizational health, health of
individual employees and financial bottom line, including the way work is
carried out and the context in which work occurs
44. Psychological Health and Safety
• A state of well-being to cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively and
fruitfully, and contribute to the community. (WHO)
• Capacity to feel, think, and act in ways that enhance ability to enjoy life and deal
with work and life challenges.
• Positive sense of emotional and spiritual well-being that respects culture, equity,
social justice, interconnections, and dignity.
• Too much stress or too little stimulation affects psychological health and physical
safety. Workplace violence, harassment, bullying and intimidation, sexual
advancement, religious persecution, political and racial disparities, and cultural
differences are contributing factors.
45. Psychosocial Verses Mental Health
• What are some examples of psychosocial issues?
• What is a psychosocial issue?
• What are the psychosocial symptoms?
• What are the psychosocial needs?
• Is psychosocial a mental illness?
• What are examples of psychological hazards in the workplace?
• What are some types of mental disorders?
46. Psychological Health and Safety
Increase
• Engagement
• Morale
• Retention
• Productivity
• Financial performance
• Organizational recruitment
• Overall well being
Decrease
• Grievances
• Injuries
• Health costs
• Medical costs
• Absenteeism and presenteeism
• Thoughts of suicide
• Poor mental health
47.
48.
49. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 49
Biological and Neurological Psychosocial
• Bio (physiological pathology)
• Psycho (thoughts emotions and
behaviors such as psychological
distress, fear/avoidance beliefs,
current coping methods and
attribution)
• Social (socio-economical, socio-
environmental, and cultural factors
such as work issues, family
circumstances and
benefits/economics)
69. Understanding Context of the Organization
• Understand the specific OEHS risk to workers and other people
• Changes to external risks
– Prevalence of COVID-19 within the community
– Availability of clinical services, testing, treatment, vaccines and PPE
– How workers travel to/from work (public or private transport)
– Suitability of worker’s residence for remove working
– Changes in local culture, demand for services and communication
• Changes to internal risks
– Numbers and types of workplaces
– Cultural values within the organization
– Type of workers (FTEs v contractors, seasonal)
– Specific needs of workers to prevent getting COVID -19 illness
– Increased worker absence (sickness, self-isolation or quarantine)
73. How to Deal with Being Overworked
• Prioritize and use time management
• Delegate small tasks to others
• Ask for assistance
• Take short breaks from work
• Don’t take work home
• Exercise and get away from work
• Eat wholesome meals regularly
• Relax and sleep regular cycles
• Think positive with time pressures and stress
74. HEALTH HAZARDS GLOBAL EPIDEMIC
Today, hazardous work kills
2.3 million people each year
and injures millions more.
The rise of globalization,
precarious work, neoliberal
politics, attacks on unions,
and the idea of individual
employment rights have
challenged protection of
occupational health and
safety of workers world-
wide. In the book Hazard or
Hardship, Jeffrey Hilgert
presents evidence on the
right of refusal and
protection of worker rights
as both a moral and a
human question.
THE DAILY NEWS
www.dailynews.com THE WORLD’S FAVOURITE NEWSPAPER - Since 1879
Hilgert finds that the
protection of the right to
refuse unsafe work, as
constituted under inter-
national labor standards, is
a failure and calls for a
reexamination of worker
health and safety policy
from the ground up.
The current model of
human protection follows a
individual employment
rights framework, which fails
to protect all workers
against inherent social
inequalities within frame-
work of the employment
relationship.
To adequately protect the
right to refuse as a human
right around the world,
Hilgert argues that a
broader protection must be
granted under a freedom of
association
framework. Hazard or
Hardship is a welcome
resource for labor and
environmental activists,
trade union leaders, labor
lawyers and labor law
scholars, industrial relations
experts, human rights
advocates, public health
professionals, and
specialists in occupa-tional
safety and health.
Copyright @ 2015 WHWB All rights reserved.
75.
76. ISO/PAS 45005:2020
• ISO/PAS 45005:2020 Occupational health and safety management.
• General guidelines for safe working during the COVID-19 pandemic for
organizations of any size to protect employees, manage risk and create
organizational resilience during a pandemic.
• It can be applied to a gig economy workforce that is at home, in the office or in
multiple locations and can be integrated into an OHSMS based on ISO
45001:2018 or used as a stand-alone standard.
• Provides practical and comprehensive approach to managing risk, enable
planning across multiple worksites, assist with organizational response based on
operational restrictions on short notice.
77. Digital Solutions to New Requirements
• ISO/PAS 45005:2020 is designed to integrate smoothly into
an OHSMS that already meets the requirements for ISO
45001:2018.
• An OHSMS that doesn’t provide real-time data collection,
reporting and dashboards will inevitably be under greater
pressure as a result of the new requirements of ISO 45003
and ISO/PAS 45005:2020.
• Plenty of support to create a continuous improvement of a
digital OHSMS program.
78. Leadership and Worker Participation
• Demonstrate effective leadership for safe working practices
• Communicate compliance with effective policy and programs
• Commit to transparency to report suspect COVID-19 cases
• Ensure adequate resources due to operation restrictions
• Provide appropriate financial support to cover cost from pandemic
• Protect workers from reprisals, harassment, and violence
• Coordinate and communicate policy across the enterprise
• Seek competent advice and information to manage COVID-19 risk
79. Leadership and Worker Participation
• Organizational duty of care includes active engagement with workers,
business partners, stakeholders, suppliers and visitors by:
– Encouraging participation in assessing the risks related to COVID-19
– Communicate to relevant parties how organization is managing the risk
– Provide feedback to collaborate to manage the risk with interested parties
– Take timely action to address any concerns raised by shareholders and stakeholders
80. Workplaces
• Assess all premises, sites or parts of sites, including those were closed or
partially operating
• Establish arrangements to prevent potentially infectious people from entering
the workplace
• Perform maintenance checks and activities on equipment and systems
• Assess and control risks related to Legionella and other water-related diseases
• Establish enhanced and/or more frequent cleaning and disinfection schedules
81.
82.
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Mental Health Myths
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Mental Health Myths
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Mental Health Myths
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Mental Health Myths
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Mental Health Issues Go Beyond Industry
Impact of military service
• Being forced to kill others
• Watching friends and comrades
suffer grievous wounds and death
• Having core values threatened
• Long separations from families
• Loss of freedom and control over
one’s life
• Tremendous uncertainty and anxiety
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Mental Health Issues in Industry
Poor mental health and stress can
negatively affect employee:
• Job performance and productivity
• Engagement with one’s work
• Communication with coworkers
• Physical capability and daily
functioning
89. It’s time for a…
The meeting will restart at 10:30 AM
Coffe
e
break!
min
30’
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Mental Health in the Workplace
Signs of a potential problem…
• Appearance – unkempt, inappropriate clothing, hygiene
• Mood swings – elation/depression, nervous, suspicious, extreme sensitivity,
irritability, withdrawn, sickness/death
• Behavior/Actions – argumentative, physically threatening, overly talkative,
resist change, outburst, personal calling, and frequent complaining –
blaming others
• Absenteeism – excessive sick leave, frequent pattern of
absences/unscheduled time off, improper reporting absence, improbable
excuses, on-the-job absenteeism
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Mental Health in the Workplace
Signs of a potential problem…
• Performance/Production – missed deadline, mistakes, poor judgement,
forgetfulness, periods of highs/lows, carelessness, decreased ability to
perform complex tasks, work left undone, complaints about work, growing
disorganization
• Relationships at Work – communication breakdowns, over-reaction to
real/imaged criticism, frequent criticism of work or co-workers,
abrasiveness, inappropriate behavior, persistent transfer request, borrowing
money
• Mishaps/Near Misses – accidents on- and off-the-job, physical complaints on
the job.
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Coping with Mental Stress
• Stress can cause the following:
• Feelings of fear, anger, sadness, worry, numbness, or frustration
• Changes in appetite, energy, desires, and interests
• Difficulty concentrating and making decisions
• Difficulty sleeping or nightmares
• Physical reactions, such as headaches, body pains, stomach
problems, and skin rashes
• Worsening of chronic health problems
• Worsening of mental health conditions
• Increased use of tobacco, alcohol, and other substances
94. Tackling the Mental Health Concern
• Mental health is not a legal obligation but a moral imperative
• Cost of mental health benefits
• ISO 45003 is a standard needed to protect workers from harm
• How can ISO 45003 benefit an organization?
• What does ISO 45003 cover exactly?
– How workloads are organized
– Social factors in the workplace
– Work environment and culture
103. Common Signs and Symptoms of Anxiety
Physical
• muscle pain
• tightening of the chest
• racing heart
• difficulty sleeping
• restless and on edge
• shortness of breath
Feeling
• overwhelmed
• dread − that something bad is going to happen
• fearful
• constantly tense
• panic
Thinking
• “I’m going crazy”
• “I can’t control myself”
• “People are judging me”
• constant worry
• unwanted and intrusive thoughts
Behavioral
• avoiding
situations and
tasks
• difficulty
104. Common Signs and Symptoms of Depression
Physical
• tired all the time
• difficulty sleeping
• significant weight loss or gain
• sick and run down
Feeling
• unhappy
• overwhelmed
• unmotivated
• irritable
• indecisive
Thinking
• “I’m a failure”
• “It’s my fault”
• “I’m worthless”
• “Life’s not worth living”
Behavioral
• unable to
concentrate
• not getting
things done at
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Supporting a Return Back to Work
106.
107.
108.
109. Is Psychological Health & Safety Important?
• Compliance - Many countries (and states and
territories) legislation exists dictate how
employers should address matters of health
and safety
• Increased Productivity - Companies
investing in mental health saw a positive ROI
of $2.30 for every dollar spent in
productivity gains
• Become an Employer of Choice - Means
establishing a business that is a great place
to work
Source: https://wiseglobaltraining.com
110. Symptoms of Distress in the Workplace
When untreated or poorly treated – what emotional distress or mental illness
looks like relative to work performance and productivity.
111. Psychological Cost of an Unsafe Workplace
High demand, low control, high effort and low reward jobs are more likely to
suffer adverse consequences.
Potential Health Costs Potential Performance Costs
3× Heart problems Reduced adaptability
3× Back pain Reduced ability to cope with change
5× Certain types of cancer Impaired learning
2-3× Injuries of all types Increased helplessness
2-3× Infections Increase passivity/aggression/conflict
2-3× Conflicts
2-3× Mental health problems
2-3× Substance abuse
126. Organizational Structure
• Understanding the organization and its context
• Understanding needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties
• Determining the scope of the OEHS management system
• OEHS management system
Leadership and Worker
Participation
• Leadership and commitment
• Organizational OEHS policy, program and procedures
• Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
• Consultation and participation of workers
Planning
• Actions to address risks and opportunities
• Objectives to address psychosocial risk
Support
• Resources
• Competence
• Awareness
• Communication
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
127. Organizational Structure
• Understanding the organization and its context
• Understanding needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties
• Determining the scope of the OEHS management system
• OEHS management system
Leadership and Worker
Participation
• Leadership and commitment
• Organizational OEHS policy, program and procedures
• Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
• Consultation and participation of workers
Planning
• Actions to address risks and opportunities
• Objectives to address psychosocial risk
Support
• Resources
• Competence
• Awareness
• Communication
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
128. Organizational Structure
• Understanding the organization and its context
• Understanding needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties
• Determining the scope of the OEHS management system
• OEHS management system
Leadership and Worker
Participation
• Leadership and commitment
• Organizational OEHS policy, program and procedures
• Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
• Consultation and participation of workers
Planning
• Actions to address risks and opportunities
• Objectives to address psychosocial risk
Support
• Resources
• Competence
• Awareness
• Communication
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
129. Organizational Structure
• Understanding the organization and its context
• Understand needs and expectations of workers and other interested parties
• Determining the scope of the OEHS management system
• OEHS management system
Leadership and Worker
Participation
• Leadership and commitment
• Organizational OEHS policy, program and procedures
• Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
• Consultation and participation of workers
Planning
• Actions to address risks and opportunities
• Objectives to address psychosocial risk
Support
• Resources
• Competence
• Awareness
• Communication
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
130. Roles and Expectations
Examples include: role ambiguity, role conflict, duty of care for other people, no
clear guideline or direction, expectation in a role that undermine one another,
uncertainty about, or frequent changes to, tasks and work standards, and doing
work of little value or purpose.
Job control or Autonomy
Examples include: limited opportunity to participate in decision-making, — lack of
control over workload, and low levels of influence and independence (e.g. not
being able to influence the speed, order or schedule of work tasks and workload).
Job Demands
Examples include: underuse of skills, continual work exposure to interaction with
people (e.g. public, customers, students, patients), too much to do within a
certain timeframe or with a set number of workers, conflicting demands and
deadlines, unrealistic expectations of a worker’s competence or responsibilities,
lack of task variety or perform highly repetitive tasks, fragmented or meaningless
work, requirements for excessive periods of alertness and concentration, working
with aggressive or distressed people, and exposure to events or situations that
can cause trauma.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
131. Roles and Expectations
Examples include: role ambiguity, role conflict, duty of care for other people, no
clear guideline or direction, expectation in a role that undermine one another,
uncertainty about, or frequent changes to, tasks and work standards, and doing
work of little value or purpose.
Job control or Autonomy
Examples include: limited opportunity to participate in decision-making, — lack of
control over workload, and low levels of influence and independence (e.g. not
being able to influence the speed, order or schedule of work tasks and workload).
Job Demands
Examples include: underuse of skills, continual work exposure to interaction with
people (e.g. public, customers, students, patients), too much to do within a
certain timeframe or with a set number of workers, conflicting demands and
deadlines, unrealistic expectations of a worker’s competence or responsibilities,
lack of task variety or perform highly repetitive tasks, fragmented or meaningless
work, requirements for excessive periods of alertness and concentration, working
with aggressive or distressed people, and exposure to events or situations that
can cause trauma.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
132. Roles and Expectations
Examples include: role ambiguity, role conflict, duty of care for other people, no
clear guideline or direction, expectation in a role that undermine one another,
uncertainty about, or frequent changes to, tasks and work standards, and doing
work of little value or purpose.
Job control or Autonomy
Examples include: limited opportunity to participate in decision-making, — lack of
control over workload, and low levels of influence and independence (e.g. not
being able to influence the speed, order or schedule of work tasks and workload).
Job Demands
Examples include: underuse of skills, continual work exposure to interaction with
people (e.g. public, customers, students, patients), too much to do within a
certain timeframe or with a set number of workers, conflicting demands and
deadlines, unrealistic expectations of a worker’s competence or responsibilities,
lack of task variety or perform highly repetitive tasks, fragmented or meaningless
work, requirements for excessive periods of alertness and concentration, working
with aggressive or distressed people, and exposure to events or situations that
can cause trauma.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
133. Organizational Change
Management
Examples include: lack of practical support provided to assist workers during
transition periods, prolonged or recurring restructuring, lack of consultation and
communication about workplace changes, or consultation and communication
which is of poor quality, untimely or not meaningful.
Remote and Isolated Work
Examples include: working in locations that are far from home, family, friends and
usual support networks (e.g. isolated work or “fly-in-fly-out” work arrangements),
working alone in non-remote locations without social/human interaction at work
(e.g. working at home), and working in private homes (e.g. providing care or
domestic roles in other people’s homes).
Workload and Work Pace
Examples include: work overload or underload, high levels of time pressure,
continually subject to deadlines, machine pacing, and high level of repetitive
work.
Work Hours and Schedule
Examples include: lack of variety of work, shift work, inflexible work schedules,
unpredictable work hours, long or unsociable hours, fragmented work or work
that is not meaningful, continual requirements to complete work at short notice.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
134. Organizational Change
Management
Examples include: lack of practical support provided to assist workers during
transition periods, prolonged or recurring restructuring, lack of consultation and
communication about workplace changes, or consultation and communication
which is of poor quality, untimely or not meaningful.
Remote and Isolated Work
Examples include: working in locations that are far from home, family, friends and
usual support networks (e.g. isolated work or “fly-in-fly-out” work arrangements),
working alone in non-remote locations without social/human interaction at work
(e.g. working at home), and working in private homes (e.g. providing care or
domestic roles in other people’s homes).
Workload and Work Pace
Examples include: work overload or underload, high levels of time pressure,
continually subject to deadlines, machine pacing, and high level of repetitive
work.
Work Hours and Schedule
Examples include: lack of variety of work, shift work, inflexible work schedules,
unpredictable work hours, long or unsociable hours, fragmented work or work
that is not meaningful, continual requirements to complete work at short notice.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
135. Organizational Change
Management
Examples include: lack of practical support provided to assist workers during
transition periods, prolonged or recurring restructuring, lack of consultation and
communication about workplace changes, or consultation and communication
which is of poor quality, untimely or not meaningful.
Remote and Isolated Work
Examples include: working in locations that are far from home, family, friends and
usual support networks (e.g. isolated work or “fly-in-fly-out” work arrangements),
working alone in non-remote locations without social/human interaction at work
(e.g. working at home), and working in private homes (e.g. providing care or
domestic roles in other people’s homes).
Workload and Work Pace
Examples include: work overload or underload, high levels of time pressure,
continually subject to deadlines, machine pacing, and high level of repetitive
work.
Work Hours and Schedule
Examples include: lack of variety of work, shift work, inflexible work schedules,
unpredictable work hours, long or unsociable hours, fragmented work or work
that is not meaningful, continual requirements to complete work at short notice.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
136. Organizational Change
Management
Examples include: lack of practical support provided to assist workers during
transition periods, prolonged or recurring restructuring, lack of consultation and
communication about workplace changes, or consultation and communication
which is of poor quality, untimely or not meaningful.
Remote and Isolated Work
Examples include: working in locations that are far from home, family, friends and
usual support networks (e.g. isolated work or “fly-in-fly-out” work arrangements),
working alone in non-remote locations without social/human interaction at work
(e.g. working at home), and working in private homes (e.g. providing care or
domestic roles in other people’s homes).
Workload and Work Pace
Examples include: work overload or underload, high levels of time pressure,
continually subject to deadlines, machine pacing, and high level of repetitive
work.
Work Hours and Schedule
Examples include: lack of variety of work, shift work, inflexible work schedules,
unpredictable work hours, long or unsociable hours, fragmented work or work
that is not meaningful, continual requirements to complete work at short notice.
ISO 45003 – Guidelines for Managing Risk
137. Job Security and
Precarious Work
Examples include: uncertainty regarding work availability, including work without
set hours, possibility of redundancy or temporary loss of work with reduced pay,
low-paid or insecure employment, including non-standard employment, and —
working in situations that are not properly covered or protected by labor law or
social protection.
ISO 45003 – Organizational Hazards & Risk
138. Interpersonal relationships
Examples include: poor communication or poor information sharing, poor
relationships between managers, supervisors, co-workers, and clients or others
that workers interact with, interpersonal conflicts, harassment, bullying,
victimization (including use of electronic tools such as email and social media),
threats of third-party workplace violence, lack of social support, unequal power
relation-ships between dominant and non-dominant groups of workers, social or
physical isolation.
Leadership
Examples include: lack of clear vision and objectives, management style unsuited
to the nature of the work and its demand, failing to listen or only casual listening
to complaints and suggestions, withholding information, provide inadequate
communication and support, lack of accountability, lack of fairness, inconsistent
and poor decision-making practices, and — abuse or misuse of power.
Recognition and reward
Examples include: imbalance between workers’ effort and formal and informal
recognition and reward, and the lack of appropriate acknowledgement and
appreciation of workers’ efforts in a fair and timely manner.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
139. Interpersonal relationships
Examples include: poor communication or poor information sharing, poor
relationships between managers, supervisors, co-workers, and clients or others
that workers interact with, interpersonal conflicts, harassment, bullying,
victimization (including use of electronic tools such as email and social media),
threats of third-party workplace violence, lack of social support, unequal power
relation-ships between dominant and non-dominant groups of workers, social or
physical isolation.
Leadership
Examples include: lack of clear vision and objectives, management style unsuited
to the nature of the work and its demand, failing to listen or only casual listening
to complaints and suggestions, withholding information, provide inadequate
communication and support, lack of accountability, lack of fairness, inconsistent
and poor decision-making practices, and — abuse or misuse of power.
Recognition and reward
Examples include: imbalance between workers’ effort and formal and informal
recognition and reward, and the lack of appropriate acknowledgement and
appreciation of workers’ efforts in a fair and timely manner.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
140. Interpersonal relationships
Examples include: poor communication or poor information sharing, poor
relationships between managers, supervisors, co-workers, and clients or others
that workers interact with, interpersonal conflicts, harassment, bullying,
victimization (including use of electronic tools such as email and social media),
threats of third-party workplace violence, lack of social support, unequal power
relation-ships between dominant and non-dominant groups of workers, social or
physical isolation.
Leadership
Examples include: lack of clear vision and objectives, management style unsuited
to the nature of the work and its demand, failing to listen or only casual listening
to complaints and suggestions, withholding information, provide inadequate
communication and support, lack of accountability, lack of fairness, inconsistent
and poor decision-making practices, and — abuse or misuse of power.
Recognition and reward
Examples include: imbalance between workers’ effort and formal and informal
recognition and reward, and the lack of appropriate acknowledgement and
appreciation of workers’ efforts in a fair and timely manner.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
141. Career Development
Examples include: career stagnation and uncertainty, under-promotion or over-
promotion, lack of opportunity for skill development.
Support
Examples include: lack of support from supervisors and co-workers, lack of access
to support services, and the lack of information or training to support work
performance.
Supervision
Examples include: lack of constructive performance feedback and evaluation, lack
of encouragement or acknowledgement, lack of communication, lack of a shared
organizational vision and clear objectives, lack of support or resources to facilitate
improvements in performance, lack of fairness, and misuse of digital surveillance.
Civility and Respect
Examples include: lack of trust, honesty, respect, civility and fairness, and the lack
of respect and consideration in interactions among workers, as well as with
customers, clients and the public.
Work/Life Balance
Examples include: work tasks, roles, schedules or expectations that cause workers
to continue working in their own time, conflicting demands of work and home,
and work that impacts the workers’ ability to recover.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
142. Career Development
Examples include: career stagnation and uncertainty, under-promotion or over-
promotion, lack of opportunity for skill development.
Support
Examples include: lack of support from supervisors and co-workers, lack of access
to support services, and the lack of information or training to support work
performance.
Supervision
Examples include: lack of constructive performance feedback and evaluation, lack
of encouragement or acknowledgement, lack of communication, lack of a shared
organizational vision and clear objectives, lack of support or resources to facilitate
improvements in performance, lack of fairness, and misuse of digital surveillance.
Civility and Respect
Examples include: lack of trust, honesty, respect, civility and fairness, and the lack
of respect and consideration in interactions among workers, as well as with
customers, clients and the public.
Work/Life Balance
Examples include: work tasks, roles, schedules or expectations that cause workers
to continue working in their own time, conflicting demands of work and home,
and work that impacts the workers’ ability to recover.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
143. Career Development
Examples include: career stagnation and uncertainty, under-promotion or over-
promotion, lack of opportunity for skill development.
Support
Examples include: lack of support from supervisors and co-workers, lack of access
to support services, and the lack of information or training to support work
performance.
Supervision
Examples include: lack of constructive performance feedback and evaluation, lack
of encouragement or acknowledgement, lack of communication, lack of a shared
organizational vision and clear objectives, lack of support or resources to facilitate
improvements in performance, lack of fairness, and misuse of digital surveillance.
Civility and Respect
Examples include: lack of trust, honesty, respect, civility and fairness, and the lack
of respect and consideration in interactions among workers, as well as with
customers, clients and the public.
Work/Life Balance
Examples include: work tasks, roles, schedules or expectations that cause workers
to continue working in their own time, conflicting demands of work and home,
and work that impacts the workers’ ability to recover.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
144. Career Development
Examples include: career stagnation and uncertainty, under-promotion or over-
promotion, lack of opportunity for skill development.
Support
Examples include: lack of support from supervisors and co-workers, lack of access
to support services, and the lack of information or training to support work
performance.
Supervision
Examples include: lack of constructive performance feedback and evaluation, lack
of encouragement or acknowledgement, lack of communication, lack of a shared
organizational vision and clear objectives, lack of support or resources to facilitate
improvements in performance, lack of fairness, and misuse of digital surveillance.
Civility and Respect
Examples include: lack of trust, honesty, respect, civility and fairness, and the lack
of respect and consideration in interactions among workers, as well as with
customers, clients and the public.
Work/Life Balance
Examples include: work tasks, roles, schedules or expectations that cause workers
to continue working in their own time, conflicting demands of work and home,
and work that impacts the workers’ ability to recover.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
145. Career Development
Examples include: career stagnation and uncertainty, under-promotion or over-
promotion, lack of opportunity for skill development.
Support
Examples include: lack of support from supervisors and co-workers, lack of access
to support services, and the lack of information or training to support work
performance.
Supervision
Examples include: lack of constructive performance feedback and evaluation, lack
of encouragement or acknowledgement, lack of communication, lack of a shared
organizational vision and clear objectives, lack of support or resources to facilitate
improvements in performance, lack of fairness, and misuse of digital surveillance.
Civility and Respect
Examples include: lack of trust, honesty, respect, civility and fairness, and the lack
of respect and consideration in interactions among workers, as well as with
customers, clients and the public.
Work/Life Balance
Examples include: work tasks, roles, schedules or expectations that cause workers
to continue working in their own time, conflicting demands of work and home,
and work that impacts the workers’ ability to recover.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
146. Workplace Violence
Examples include: incidents involving an explicit or implicit challenge to health,
safety or well-being at work; violence can be internal, external or client initiated,
e.g. abuse, threats, assault (physical, verbal or sexual), religious, political
affiliation, racial, ethnic or gender-based violence.
Harassment
Examples include: any unwanted, offensive, intimidating behaviors (sexual or
non-sexual in nature) which relate to one or more specific characteristic of the
targeted individual, e.g.: race, gender identity, religion or belief, race or creed,
ethnicity, political affiliation, disability, age, or sexual orientation. This can occur
face-to-face or electronically.
Bullying and Victimization
Examples include: repeated (more than once) unreasonable behaviors which can
present a risk to health, safety and well-being at work; behaviors can be overt or
covert, e.g.: social or physical isolation, assigning meaningless or unfavorable
tasks, name-calling, insults and intimidation, undue public criticism, withholding
information or resources critical for one’s job, malicious rumors or gossip, and
assigning impossible deadlines. This can occur face-to-face or electronically.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
147. Workplace Violence
Examples include: incidents involving an explicit or implicit challenge to health,
safety or well-being at work; violence can be internal, external or client initiated,
e.g. abuse, threats, assault (physical, verbal or sexual), religious, political
affiliation, racial, ethnic or gender-based violence.
Harassment
Examples include: any unwanted, offensive, intimidating behaviors (sexual or
non-sexual in nature) which relate to one or more specific characteristic of the
targeted individual, e.g.: race, gender identity, religion or belief, race or creed,
ethnicity, political affiliation, disability, age, or sexual orientation. This can occur
face-to-face or electronically.
Bullying and Victimization
Examples include: repeated (more than once) unreasonable behaviors which can
present a risk to health, safety and well-being at work; behaviors can be overt or
covert, e.g.: social or physical isolation, assigning meaningless or unfavorable
tasks, name-calling, insults and intimidation, undue public criticism, withholding
information or resources critical for one’s job, malicious rumors or gossip, and
assigning impossible deadlines. This can occur face-to-face or electronically.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
149. Workplace Violence
Examples include: incidents involving an explicit or implicit challenge to health,
safety or well-being at work; violence can be internal, external or client initiated,
e.g. abuse, threats, assault (physical, verbal or sexual), religious, political
affiliation, racial, ethnic or gender-based violence.
Harassment
Examples include: any unwanted, offensive, intimidating behaviors (sexual or
non-sexual in nature) which relate to one or more specific characteristic of the
targeted individual, e.g.: race, gender identity, religion or belief, race or creed,
ethnicity, political affiliation, disability, age, or sexual orientation. This can occur
face-to-face or electronically.
Bullying and Victimization
Examples include: repeated (more than once) unreasonable behaviors which can
present a risk to health, safety and well-being at work; behaviors can be overt or
covert, e.g.: social or physical isolation, assigning meaningless or unfavorable
tasks, name-calling, insults and intimidation, undue public criticism, withholding
information or resources critical for one’s job, malicious rumors or gossip, and
assigning impossible deadlines. This can occur face-to-face or electronically.
ISO 45003 – Social Risk Factors
151. Work Environment,
Equipment and Hazardous
Work Tasks
Examples include: inadequate equipment availability, suitability, reliability,
maintenance or repair, poor workplace conditions such as lack of space, poor
lighting and excessive noise, lack of the necessary tools, equipment or other
resources to complete work tasks, working in extreme conditions or situations,
such as very high or low temperatures, elevated heights or over exposure to
harmful chemicals, biological or radiological agents, ergonomic conditions,
environmental toxins, poor indoor air quality, extreme or poor lighting, and lack
of engineering and/or administrative controls and the selection and use of
respirators and other personal protective clothing and equipment, and working in
unstable environments such as conflict zones.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
154. ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
• COVID-19 put unprecedented pressure on the workforce, family and friends,
business operations, transportation, and supply chain.
• UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has reported on stress, depression,
anxiety, and other psychosocial disorders in the workplace.
• Psychological health has direct and indirect impact on the work environment,
business operations, and society.
• Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) with Simon Fraser
University identified 13 risk factors.
• Factors that affect workers also affect the financial bottom line.
155. Risk Factor Description
Psychological Support
Workers who are supported have better job performance and satisfaction. When
absent, it can result in absenteeism, greater injury risk , and loss of productivity.
Organizational Culture
It is based on trust and provides a positive environment for workers. When
absent, it can undermine organizational cohesion and create employee burnout.
Leadership & Expectations
Clear leadership helps workers understand their contributions to the organization.
Leaders focusing on results without concern for their workers set a negative tone
makes them feel powerless, fearful with no boundaries or benchmarks.
Civility and Respect
Organizations demonstrating these traits in internal and external interactions
have a higher rate of work satisfaction. A lack of these traits can lead to greater
conflicts, disorganization, chaos, and attrition
Psychological Competency
Workers need technical and psychological skills to fulfill their job requirements.
Anyone lacking these skills can experience higher emotional distress resulting in
greater voluntary turnover.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
156. Risk Factor Description
Psychological Support
Workers who are supported have better job performance and satisfaction. When
absent, it can result in absenteeism, greater injury risk , and loss of productivity.
Organizational Culture
It is based on trust and provides a positive environment for workers. When
absent, it can undermine organizational cohesion and create employee burnout.
Leadership & Expectations
Clear leadership helps workers understand their contributions to the organization.
Leaders focusing on results without concern for their workers set a negative tone
makes them feel powerless, fearful with no boundaries or benchmarks.
Civility and Respect
Organizations demonstrating these traits in internal and external interactions
have a higher rate of work satisfaction. A lack of these traits can lead to greater
conflicts, disorganization, chaos, and attrition
Psychological Competency
Workers need technical and psychological skills to fulfill their job requirements.
Anyone lacking these skills can experience higher emotional distress resulting in
greater voluntary turnover.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
157. Risk Factor Description
Psychological Support
Workers who are supported have better job performance and satisfaction. When
absent, it can result in absenteeism, greater injury risk , and loss of productivity.
Organizational Culture
It is based on trust and provides a positive environment for workers. When
absent, it can undermine organizational cohesion and create employee burnout.
Leadership & Expectations
Clear leadership helps workers understand their contributions to the organization.
Leaders focusing on results without concern for their workers set a negative tone
makes them feel powerless, fearful with no boundaries or benchmarks.
Civility and Respect
Organizations demonstrating these traits in internal and external interactions
have a higher rate of work satisfaction. A lack of these traits can lead to greater
conflicts, disorganization, chaos, and attrition
Psychological Competency
Workers need technical and psychological skills to fulfill their job requirements.
Anyone lacking these skills can experience higher emotional distress resulting in
greater voluntary turnover.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
158. Risk Factor Description
Psychological Support
Workers who are supported have better job performance and satisfaction. When
absent, it can result in absenteeism, greater injury risk , and loss of productivity.
Organizational Culture
It is based on trust and provides a positive environment for workers. When
absent, it can undermine organizational cohesion and create employee burnout.
Leadership & Expectations
Clear leadership helps workers understand their contributions to the organization.
Leaders focusing on results without concern for their workers set a negative tone
makes them feel powerless, fearful with no boundaries or benchmarks.
Civility and Respect
Organizations demonstrating these traits in internal and external interactions
have a higher rate of work satisfaction. A lack of these traits can lead to greater
conflicts, disorganization, chaos, and attrition
Psychological Competency
Workers need technical and psychological skills to fulfill their job requirements.
Anyone lacking these skills can experience higher emotional distress resulting in
greater voluntary turnover.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
159. Risk Factor Description
Psychological Support
Workers who are supported have better job performance and satisfaction. When
absent, it can result in absenteeism, greater injury risk , and loss of productivity.
Organizational Culture
It is based on trust and provides a positive environment for workers. When
absent, it can undermine organizational cohesion and create employee burnout.
Leadership & Expectations
Clear leadership helps workers understand their contributions to the organization.
Leaders focusing on results without concern for their workers set a negative tone
makes them feel powerless, fearful with no boundaries or benchmarks.
Civility and Respect
Organizations demonstrating these traits in internal and external interactions
have a higher rate of work satisfaction. A lack of these traits can lead to greater
conflicts, disorganization, chaos, and attrition
Psychological Competency
Workers need technical and psychological skills to fulfill their job requirements.
Anyone lacking these skills can experience higher emotional distress resulting in
greater voluntary turnover.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
160. Risk Factor Description
Growth and Development
Supporting these concepts nurtures confidence and competency in workers.
Those workers lacking these skills experience higher stress and lower productivity.
Recognition and Reward
Achievement and success motivates workers to excel and build self-esteem.
When absent, it can undermine employee confidence and organizational trust.
Involvement and Influence
Workers who are involved in job discussions and provide in-put into decision-
making feel engaged and have higher morale. Anyone who in not involved in the
process may feel indifferent and helpless, leading to burnout and attrition.
Workload Management
Heavy workloads are one of the biggest workplace stressors. A more manageable
workload is critical for job satisfaction and employee success. Heavy workloads
can result in physical and psychological fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress.
Engagement
Engaged workers who are committed to the mission, vision, and value proposition
will support a culture of satisfaction and improved job performance. When
absent, it results in lower productivity, higher employee turnover and attrition.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
161. Risk Factor Description
Growth and Development
Supporting these concepts nurtures confidence and competency in workers.
Those workers lacking these skills experience higher stress and lower productivity.
Recognition and Reward
Achievement and success motivates workers to excel and build self-esteem.
When absent, it can undermine employee confidence and organizational trust.
Involvement and Influence
Workers who are involved in job discussions and provide in-put into decision-
making feel engaged and have higher morale. Anyone who in not involved in the
process may feel indifferent and helpless, leading to burnout and attrition.
Workload Management
Heavy workloads are one of the biggest workplace stressors. A more manageable
workload is critical for job satisfaction and employee success. Heavy workloads
can result in physical and psychological fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress.
Engagement
Engaged workers who are committed to the mission, vision, and value proposition
will support a culture of satisfaction and improved job performance. When
absent, it results in lower productivity, higher employee turnover and attrition.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
162. Risk Factor Description
Growth and Development
Supporting these concepts nurtures confidence and competency in workers.
Those workers lacking these skills experience higher stress and lower productivity.
Recognition and Reward
Achievement and success motivates workers to excel and build self-esteem.
When absent, it can undermine employee confidence and organizational trust.
Involvement and Influence
Workers who are involved in job discussions and provide in-put into decision-
making feel engaged and have higher morale. Anyone who in not involved in the
process may feel indifferent and helpless, leading to burnout and attrition.
Workload Management
Heavy workloads are one of the biggest workplace stressors. A more manageable
workload is critical for job satisfaction and employee success. Heavy workloads
can result in physical and psychological fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress.
Engagement
Engaged workers who are committed to the mission, vision, and value proposition
will support a culture of satisfaction and improved job performance. When
absent, it results in lower productivity, higher employee turnover and attrition.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
163. Risk Factor Description
Growth and Development
Supporting these concepts nurtures confidence and competency in workers.
Those workers lacking these skills experience higher stress and lower productivity.
Recognition and Reward
Achievement and success motivates workers to excel and build self-esteem.
When absent, it can undermine employee confidence and organizational trust.
Involvement and Influence
Workers who are involved in job discussions and provide in-put into decision-
making feel engaged and have higher morale. Anyone who in not involved in the
process may feel indifferent and helpless, leading to burnout and attrition.
Workload Management
Heavy workloads are one of the biggest workplace stressors. A more manageable
workload is critical for job satisfaction and employee success. Heavy workloads
can result in physical and psychological fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress.
Engagement
Engaged workers who are committed to the mission, vision, and value proposition
will support a culture of satisfaction and improved job performance. When
absent, it results in lower productivity, higher employee turnover and attrition.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
164. Risk Factor Description
Growth and Development
Supporting these concepts nurtures confidence and competency in workers.
Those workers lacking these skills experience higher stress and lower productivity.
Recognition and Reward
Achievement and success motivates workers to excel and build self-esteem.
When absent, it can undermine employee confidence and organizational trust.
Involvement and Influence
Workers who are involved in job discussions and provide in-put into decision-
making feel engaged and have higher morale. Anyone who in not involved in the
process may feel indifferent and helpless, leading to burnout and attrition.
Workload Management
Heavy workloads are one of the biggest workplace stressors. A more manageable
workload is critical for job satisfaction and employee success. Heavy workloads
can result in physical and psychological fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress.
Engagement
Engaged workers who are committed to the mission, vision, and value proposition
will support a culture of satisfaction and improved job performance. When
absent, it results in lower productivity, higher employee turnover and attrition.
ISO 45003 – Workplace Risk Factors
165. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 165
Constructing a Workplace Program
• Obtain leadership support by constructing a business case
• Identify gaps in current policy, programs and operating procedures
• Embed employee mental health on a strategic level
• Engage employee representatives
• Tailor the policy, program and procedures
• Brief staff and gain support for the initiative
• Provide mental health awareness to everyone
• Identify metrics to measure employee mental health
166. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 166
Mental Health Awareness Training
Learning objectives
• Understand the mental health continuum
• Discover symptoms of common mental illnesses (e.g.,
depression and anxiety)
• Know common risk and protective factors for mental health
• Gain practical knowledge and skills to optimize wellbeing
• Seek help for mental health issues when required
168. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 168
• AIHA comments on work related
stress and mental health in the
workplace
• NIOSH Request for Information
seeks ideas for intervention
• Presents ISO standards for
aligning safety management
systems and psychological health
169. MAY 23-25 | Nashville, TN | 169
Organizational Best Practices Supporting
Mental Health in the Workplace
• Wu, Ashley MHS; Roemer, Enid Chung PhD;
Kent, Karen B. MPH; Ballard, David W. PsyD,
MBA; and Goetzel, Ron Z. PhD
• Highlights eight categories of best
practices: (1) culture, (2) robust mental
health benefits, (3) mental health
resources, (4) workplace policies and
practices, (5) healthy work environment,
(6) leadership support, (7) outcomes
measurement, and (8) innovation.