The study evaluated the effectiveness of an Aspiration Risk Reduction Protocol (ARRP) in reducing aspiration and pneumonia in critically ill patients receiving tube feedings compared to a usual care group. The ARRP group received a three-pronged intervention protocol for two months prior to data collection, while the usual care group did not receive any special protocol. Results showed lower rates of aspiration and pneumonia in the ARRP group compared to the usual care group, indicating the ARRP intervention was effective in reducing aspiration risks for critically ill patients on tube feedings.