This document summarizes tools and methodologies for assessing the economic, technological, and environmental impacts of national regulations and incentives for renewable energy and energy efficiency. It discusses (1) using economic and financial considerations in policymaking by analyzing costs and benefits for multiple stakeholders, (2) conducting scenario analysis to address uncertainties, and (3) preparing policies using an evidence-based methodology that develops a theoretical model and indicators to evaluate impacts. Case studies on concentrated solar power in Morocco are also presented.
Giz2013 en-exploring-biogas-market-opportunities-vietnamTuong Do
The document provides an overview of Vietnam's electricity industry and biogas market opportunities. It discusses Vietnam's growing electricity needs and sources over the past decade. It finds that biogas is considered a priority renewable energy source in Vietnam's energy plans. The document reviews biogas potential from waste sources, existing biogas projects and technologies, and the supporting policy and regulatory framework. It identifies opportunities for developing the biogas market through partnerships between Vietnamese and German companies to meet Vietnam's biogas electricity targets.
Giz2013 en-identification-of-biomass-market-opportunities-in-vietnam 2Tuong Do
This document provides an overview of Vietnam's power industry, including:
- Power demand grew 14.5% annually from 2001-2010, reaching 99.1 billion kWh in 2010.
- In 2010, EVN accounted for 55% of installed capacity while outside-EVN sources accounted for 45%.
- Primary power sources in 2010 were hydropower (38%), gas turbines (32%), and coal thermal power (18%).
- Power rates have increased five times since 2006 under a policy to marketize electricity pricing.
Strategy challenges of Solar Energy Players-5Pranay Kumar
This study looks at one of the emerging energy alternatives, solar energy.The gap between demand and supply of energy is huge, specially in developing countries like china and India.Most part of Europe is dependent on Russian gas for its winter supply of energy. Solar energy is one of the alternatives for energy in these countries, as fuel ( sunlight) is free and non polluting.
Here the focus is on three countries Germany, USA and India. The choice is based on the emergence of the different needs of these countries, which are in different stages of development of solar energy. This makes an interesting observance.
The document presents budget allocation charts for energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies in Morocco. It summarizes the country's energy situation, key technologies for efficiency and renewables, and the methodology used to create budget allocation charts. The charts show the additional energy savings and costs of various technologies, helping policymakers identify the most effective options to maximize energy savings or minimize costs. Specifically, the charts indicate technologies with the highest savings and most cost-effective options to guide policy decisions.
The Future Perspective of the Electricity Market – Unbundling and Market Inte...Oeko-Institut
The document discusses Germany's ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing renewable energy and energy efficiency by 2050. It notes that achieving these targets will require significant shares of electricity to come from renewable sources like wind and solar. This presents challenges for integrating renewables into the electricity system and market. Policies to address this include reforming electricity markets and the renewable energy support system to better integrate renewables. Infrastructure must also be upgraded through new transmission and distribution networks. Experience shows that unbundling electricity utilities and establishing independent system operators and regulators helps enable major infrastructure investments and planning.
GIZ support mechanism for RE development in VietnamTuong Do
Hanoi, 19/09/2014
Ingmar Stelter, Program Manager
Werner Kossmann, Chief Technical Advisor
GIZ Viet Nam Energy Support Program
Energy Sector Development Partners Coordination
Ee egyptian eco proposal for developing_ee_units_in_the_end-use_sectors_in_eg...RCREEE
The document proposes establishing energy efficiency (EE) units in different energy-consuming sectors in Egypt to be responsible for EE activities and plans. It recommends forming sector-specific EE units hosted in relevant ministries and departments that will develop EE indicators, plans, programs and analyze energy use data. A central EE unit at the Cabinet of Ministers will coordinate activities and establish managing committees for each sectorial EE unit consisting of leaders from related organizations and experts.
Presentation of Semida Silveira for the "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle"
Apresentação de Semida Silveira realizada no "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle "
Date / Data : Novr 11th - 12th 2009/
11 e 12 de novembro de 2009
Place / Local: CTBE, Campinas, Brazil
Event Website / Website do evento: http://www.bioetanol.org.br/workshop5
Giz2013 en-exploring-biogas-market-opportunities-vietnamTuong Do
The document provides an overview of Vietnam's electricity industry and biogas market opportunities. It discusses Vietnam's growing electricity needs and sources over the past decade. It finds that biogas is considered a priority renewable energy source in Vietnam's energy plans. The document reviews biogas potential from waste sources, existing biogas projects and technologies, and the supporting policy and regulatory framework. It identifies opportunities for developing the biogas market through partnerships between Vietnamese and German companies to meet Vietnam's biogas electricity targets.
Giz2013 en-identification-of-biomass-market-opportunities-in-vietnam 2Tuong Do
This document provides an overview of Vietnam's power industry, including:
- Power demand grew 14.5% annually from 2001-2010, reaching 99.1 billion kWh in 2010.
- In 2010, EVN accounted for 55% of installed capacity while outside-EVN sources accounted for 45%.
- Primary power sources in 2010 were hydropower (38%), gas turbines (32%), and coal thermal power (18%).
- Power rates have increased five times since 2006 under a policy to marketize electricity pricing.
Strategy challenges of Solar Energy Players-5Pranay Kumar
This study looks at one of the emerging energy alternatives, solar energy.The gap between demand and supply of energy is huge, specially in developing countries like china and India.Most part of Europe is dependent on Russian gas for its winter supply of energy. Solar energy is one of the alternatives for energy in these countries, as fuel ( sunlight) is free and non polluting.
Here the focus is on three countries Germany, USA and India. The choice is based on the emergence of the different needs of these countries, which are in different stages of development of solar energy. This makes an interesting observance.
The document presents budget allocation charts for energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies in Morocco. It summarizes the country's energy situation, key technologies for efficiency and renewables, and the methodology used to create budget allocation charts. The charts show the additional energy savings and costs of various technologies, helping policymakers identify the most effective options to maximize energy savings or minimize costs. Specifically, the charts indicate technologies with the highest savings and most cost-effective options to guide policy decisions.
The Future Perspective of the Electricity Market – Unbundling and Market Inte...Oeko-Institut
The document discusses Germany's ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing renewable energy and energy efficiency by 2050. It notes that achieving these targets will require significant shares of electricity to come from renewable sources like wind and solar. This presents challenges for integrating renewables into the electricity system and market. Policies to address this include reforming electricity markets and the renewable energy support system to better integrate renewables. Infrastructure must also be upgraded through new transmission and distribution networks. Experience shows that unbundling electricity utilities and establishing independent system operators and regulators helps enable major infrastructure investments and planning.
GIZ support mechanism for RE development in VietnamTuong Do
Hanoi, 19/09/2014
Ingmar Stelter, Program Manager
Werner Kossmann, Chief Technical Advisor
GIZ Viet Nam Energy Support Program
Energy Sector Development Partners Coordination
Ee egyptian eco proposal for developing_ee_units_in_the_end-use_sectors_in_eg...RCREEE
The document proposes establishing energy efficiency (EE) units in different energy-consuming sectors in Egypt to be responsible for EE activities and plans. It recommends forming sector-specific EE units hosted in relevant ministries and departments that will develop EE indicators, plans, programs and analyze energy use data. A central EE unit at the Cabinet of Ministers will coordinate activities and establish managing committees for each sectorial EE unit consisting of leaders from related organizations and experts.
Presentation of Semida Silveira for the "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle"
Apresentação de Semida Silveira realizada no "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle "
Date / Data : Novr 11th - 12th 2009/
11 e 12 de novembro de 2009
Place / Local: CTBE, Campinas, Brazil
Event Website / Website do evento: http://www.bioetanol.org.br/workshop5
EESC Position paper on the 2030 framework for climate and energy policiesNuno Quental
The document summarizes key opinions from the European Economic and Social Committee on the European Union's 2030 climate and energy policy framework. It calls for setting binding national renewable energy targets to help achieve the EU-wide targets of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% and producing 27% of energy from renewable sources by 2030. It also recommends defining sector-specific energy efficiency targets and establishing a European Energy Community and governance system to coordinate energy policies across member states through a transparent stakeholder dialogue process. This would help deliver the targets of the 2030 framework at lowest cost while ensuring civil society involvement and support for the large-scale energy transition needed.
European Union is embarked in a 2020 to 2050 energy policy journey. How could such a policy be consistent? Whar are the pitfalls to avoid? The millestones not to missed? Florence School of Regulation and the THINK project give advices to European Commission.
This report analyzes 16 INTERREG IVC projects focused on sustainable transport. It identifies common challenges faced in promoting sustainable transport and organizes over 500 good practices from the projects into 9 topics: land use planning, regional transport authorities, financing public transport, encouraging public transport use, mobility management, intelligent transport systems, accessible transport, low emission transport, and awareness campaigns. The report provides recommendations to policymakers on integrating transport and land use planning, strengthening regional cooperation, and promoting new shared transport options and technologies. It concludes that INTERREG IVC projects have effectively identified and transferred good practices that can improve regional sustainable transport policies across Europe.
The document outlines 10 recommendations for European consistency on the path to achieving climate and energy goals by 2050. It recommends (1) binding energy savings targets, (2) strengthening carbon pricing signals, and (3) creating an EU balancing market to address key challenges of energy efficiency, decarbonization, and system flexibility. It also advocates for (4) harmonizing renewable energy integration and grid regulation, (5) establishing EU infrastructure cost recovery, and (6) complementing strategic technology initiatives. Pioneering member states track progress annually or every 3 years to adapt policies towards 2050 goals.
Giz2013 Policies and regulatory framework promoting the application of biomas...Tuong Do
This document summarizes policies and regulations promoting biomass and biogas power generation in Vietnam. It outlines the country's biomass and biogas resources, key stakeholders, economic incentives including tax breaks and low-interest loans, and application procedures. Standards and guidelines are in place, and the government aims to increase biomass power capacity to 500 MW by 2020 and 2000 MW by 2030. Liberalizing electricity markets and developing a feed-in tariff for biomass are expected to further support the sector.
Day 1session 2: Energy Efficiency at EU levelRCREEE
The document discusses the Energy Services Directive (ESD) and National Energy Efficiency Action Plans (NEEAPs) of EU member states. [1] The ESD aims to achieve a 9% reduction in energy consumption by 2016 through NEEAPs developed by each member state. [2] NEEAPs varied greatly in initial submissions but are intended to become more standardized and ambitious over time. [3] Successful NEEAPs utilize packages of policies across sectors that include information programs, regulations, funding incentives, and voluntary agreements with industry.
The document provides guidance on developing a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) as part of the Covenant of Mayors initiative. It outlines the key steps in the SEAP process, including establishing political commitment, adapting administrative structures, building stakeholder support, conducting a baseline review, establishing a long-term vision and objectives, elaborating the SEAP, implementing policies and measures, and monitoring progress. The SEAP should set out how the local authority plans to reach its commitment to reduce CO2 emissions by at least 20% by 2020 through strategic actions and detailed measures over both the long-term and next 3-5 years.
After the Fukushima accident, a national debate regarding French energy transition was launched. A policy goal of reducing nuclear electricity generation from 75% to 50% share of total generation was established. Since the year 2013, electricity consumption has stabilized in France, the share of renewable sources continues to grow and there is a high level of hydropower production. Thus, means of conventional thermal generation are rarely used. In addition, electricity generation and capacity continue to increase as the country remains a net energy exporter. This webinar analyses past, present and future of the country from an energetic point of view.
Energy efficiency first – retrofitting the building stock finalLeonardo ENERGY
Retrofitting the building stock is a challenging undertaking in many respects - including costs. Can it nevertheless qualify as a measure under the Energy Efficiency First principle? Which methods can be applied for the assessment and what are the results in terms of the cost-effectiveness of retrofitting the entire residential building stock? How do the results differ for minimization of energy use, CO2 emissions and costs? And which policy conclusions can be drawn?
This presentation was used during the 18th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy on February 3, 2022.
A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
The document summarizes a study on the feasibility of a community solar self-consumption project in the Mac-Donald district of Paris. The study reconstructed the energy footprint of the district and simulated how much of the consumption could be covered by solar panels on rooftops. Different allocation keys were explored to optimize savings for users while ensuring profitability for investors. The study found that installing solar panels could cover 20% of the district's needs and save users and the community money while reducing carbon emissions.
BUILD UPON: Luca Bertalot - Road Map for an Energy Efficient MortgageGBC Finland
Buildings are responsible for 40% of EU energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions. 75-90% of the existing building stock will still be standing in 2050, so improving energy efficiency is key to meeting EU energy and emissions targets. This document proposes a pan-European financing mechanism to incentivize households to retrofit buildings for energy efficiency through financial incentives linked to mortgages. This would support private investment in energy efficiency improvements estimated to be €100 billion per year, helping the EU meet its 2020 energy savings target.
Energy efficiency trends in buildings in the EU (update)Leonardo ENERGY
(This is an updated version of the slides used during the 11th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy at 08 Dec 2020. This version addresses pending questions with some more details and references.)
What has been the overall trend in final energy consumption of buildings in the EU since 2010?
What are the main drivers of the energy consumption variation, and in particular energy savings, for residential and service buildings?
These are the key questions answered during this (11th) webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Highlights from their research:
➢The energy consumption of buildings has steadily decreased since 2010 despite GDP growth.
➢There are large disparities in building performances across countries.
➢Since 2015, the rate of household energy efficiency improvements has dropped by 50% (compared to 2000-2014).
➢Energy efficiency of large electrical appliances, which has largely improved in the past, does not counterbalance anymore the rapid growth of the consumption of small appliances.
Energy Sufficiency Indicators and Policies (Lea Gynther, Motiva)Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief looks at questions ‘how to measure energy sufficiency’, ‘which policies and measures can be used to address energy sufficiency’ and ‘how they are used in Europe today’.
Energy sufficiency refers to a situation where everyone has access to the energy services they need, whilst the impacts of the energy system do not exceed environmental limits. The level of ambition needed to address energy sufficiency is higher than in the case of energy efficiency.
This is the 13th edition of the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy, and number 519 in the Leonardo ENERGY series. The recording of the live presentation can be found on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAdYbI0wDI&list=PLUFRNkTrB5O_V155aGXfZ4b3R0fvT7sKz
Global Overview of Energy Efficiency in Buildingsreeep
This document discusses energy efficiency in buildings globally. It notes that buildings account for 35% of global energy use, with consumption varying greatly between regions. There is significant potential for energy savings in buildings through approaches like building codes and standards, energy labeling programs, and clean development mechanisms. However, barriers like high upfront costs, lack of awareness, and weak policies still limit energy efficiency. The document outlines various international initiatives and projects aimed at promoting building energy efficiency.
BUILD UPON: Monica Ardeleanu - Green homes & mortgages: quality, health and f...GBC Finland
The document discusses the benefits of green homes and mortgages, including lower costs, health benefits, and financial returns compared to traditional homes. It provides examples of green housing projects in Romania that have achieved certification. Government policies like property tax reductions for green buildings could further incentivize deep energy renovations. Moving forward, engagement is needed from mortgage underwriters, real estate appraisers, insurers and national banks to recognize the financial benefits of energy efficiency and lower total homeownership costs.
How to Save a Planet - On a Budget: Hour 1: Carbon Pricing and Cap and TradeSocial Media Today
The webinar discussed how to save the planet on a budget through green finance. It covered paying the cost of carbon through policies like carbon pricing, taxes, and cap-and-trade systems. Speakers from organizations like the Environmental Defense Fund and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment discussed experiences with carbon taxes and cap-and-trade in Europe and British Columbia. They addressed the impacts on emissions reductions and costs to the economy as well as challenges around price volatility, windfall profits, and fraud. The webinar emphasized using market-based policies and pricing carbon to drive low-carbon innovation.
Supporting High-Penetration PV with Energy StorageSmithers Apex
The document discusses issues with high penetration of photovoltaics (PV) and the role of energy storage solutions. High PV penetration can cause problems with generation mix, instability on high-penetration feeders, and reverse power flows. Storage can help integrate more PV by smoothing output over seconds/minutes and shaping output over an hour to conform with forecasts. Locating storage near PV or consumers maximizes value. Optimizing energy storage requires minimizing costs while capturing multiple value streams like peak shaving and grid services to allow higher levels of renewable energy on the grid.
Unep green economy modelling focus on natural resource management, agricultur...Dr Lendy Spires
This report analyzes South Africa's transition to a green economy by modeling investment scenarios focused on natural resource management, agriculture, transport, and energy sectors. It uses the Threshold 21 modeling tool to simulate baseline and green economy scenarios from 2012-2030. The baseline scenario projects continued economic growth, rising emissions and resource use, while green economy scenarios invest additional funds in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable resource management. Results indicate green investments can boost employment while reducing emissions and environmental impacts compared to baseline trends.
The document summarizes a rechargeable lithium polymer battery that can be used to replace the OEM battery for Motorola/Symbol MC3000/MC3100 laser scanners. The battery contains high-quality Sony cells, provides excellent discharge characteristics and cycle life, extending operating time. It has undergone rigorous testing and comes with a 12-month warranty against defects. The battery is manufactured by Global Technology Systems, which specializes in mobile power technologies.
EESC Position paper on the 2030 framework for climate and energy policiesNuno Quental
The document summarizes key opinions from the European Economic and Social Committee on the European Union's 2030 climate and energy policy framework. It calls for setting binding national renewable energy targets to help achieve the EU-wide targets of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% and producing 27% of energy from renewable sources by 2030. It also recommends defining sector-specific energy efficiency targets and establishing a European Energy Community and governance system to coordinate energy policies across member states through a transparent stakeholder dialogue process. This would help deliver the targets of the 2030 framework at lowest cost while ensuring civil society involvement and support for the large-scale energy transition needed.
European Union is embarked in a 2020 to 2050 energy policy journey. How could such a policy be consistent? Whar are the pitfalls to avoid? The millestones not to missed? Florence School of Regulation and the THINK project give advices to European Commission.
This report analyzes 16 INTERREG IVC projects focused on sustainable transport. It identifies common challenges faced in promoting sustainable transport and organizes over 500 good practices from the projects into 9 topics: land use planning, regional transport authorities, financing public transport, encouraging public transport use, mobility management, intelligent transport systems, accessible transport, low emission transport, and awareness campaigns. The report provides recommendations to policymakers on integrating transport and land use planning, strengthening regional cooperation, and promoting new shared transport options and technologies. It concludes that INTERREG IVC projects have effectively identified and transferred good practices that can improve regional sustainable transport policies across Europe.
The document outlines 10 recommendations for European consistency on the path to achieving climate and energy goals by 2050. It recommends (1) binding energy savings targets, (2) strengthening carbon pricing signals, and (3) creating an EU balancing market to address key challenges of energy efficiency, decarbonization, and system flexibility. It also advocates for (4) harmonizing renewable energy integration and grid regulation, (5) establishing EU infrastructure cost recovery, and (6) complementing strategic technology initiatives. Pioneering member states track progress annually or every 3 years to adapt policies towards 2050 goals.
Giz2013 Policies and regulatory framework promoting the application of biomas...Tuong Do
This document summarizes policies and regulations promoting biomass and biogas power generation in Vietnam. It outlines the country's biomass and biogas resources, key stakeholders, economic incentives including tax breaks and low-interest loans, and application procedures. Standards and guidelines are in place, and the government aims to increase biomass power capacity to 500 MW by 2020 and 2000 MW by 2030. Liberalizing electricity markets and developing a feed-in tariff for biomass are expected to further support the sector.
Day 1session 2: Energy Efficiency at EU levelRCREEE
The document discusses the Energy Services Directive (ESD) and National Energy Efficiency Action Plans (NEEAPs) of EU member states. [1] The ESD aims to achieve a 9% reduction in energy consumption by 2016 through NEEAPs developed by each member state. [2] NEEAPs varied greatly in initial submissions but are intended to become more standardized and ambitious over time. [3] Successful NEEAPs utilize packages of policies across sectors that include information programs, regulations, funding incentives, and voluntary agreements with industry.
The document provides guidance on developing a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) as part of the Covenant of Mayors initiative. It outlines the key steps in the SEAP process, including establishing political commitment, adapting administrative structures, building stakeholder support, conducting a baseline review, establishing a long-term vision and objectives, elaborating the SEAP, implementing policies and measures, and monitoring progress. The SEAP should set out how the local authority plans to reach its commitment to reduce CO2 emissions by at least 20% by 2020 through strategic actions and detailed measures over both the long-term and next 3-5 years.
After the Fukushima accident, a national debate regarding French energy transition was launched. A policy goal of reducing nuclear electricity generation from 75% to 50% share of total generation was established. Since the year 2013, electricity consumption has stabilized in France, the share of renewable sources continues to grow and there is a high level of hydropower production. Thus, means of conventional thermal generation are rarely used. In addition, electricity generation and capacity continue to increase as the country remains a net energy exporter. This webinar analyses past, present and future of the country from an energetic point of view.
Energy efficiency first – retrofitting the building stock finalLeonardo ENERGY
Retrofitting the building stock is a challenging undertaking in many respects - including costs. Can it nevertheless qualify as a measure under the Energy Efficiency First principle? Which methods can be applied for the assessment and what are the results in terms of the cost-effectiveness of retrofitting the entire residential building stock? How do the results differ for minimization of energy use, CO2 emissions and costs? And which policy conclusions can be drawn?
This presentation was used during the 18th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy on February 3, 2022.
A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
The document summarizes a study on the feasibility of a community solar self-consumption project in the Mac-Donald district of Paris. The study reconstructed the energy footprint of the district and simulated how much of the consumption could be covered by solar panels on rooftops. Different allocation keys were explored to optimize savings for users while ensuring profitability for investors. The study found that installing solar panels could cover 20% of the district's needs and save users and the community money while reducing carbon emissions.
BUILD UPON: Luca Bertalot - Road Map for an Energy Efficient MortgageGBC Finland
Buildings are responsible for 40% of EU energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions. 75-90% of the existing building stock will still be standing in 2050, so improving energy efficiency is key to meeting EU energy and emissions targets. This document proposes a pan-European financing mechanism to incentivize households to retrofit buildings for energy efficiency through financial incentives linked to mortgages. This would support private investment in energy efficiency improvements estimated to be €100 billion per year, helping the EU meet its 2020 energy savings target.
Energy efficiency trends in buildings in the EU (update)Leonardo ENERGY
(This is an updated version of the slides used during the 11th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy at 08 Dec 2020. This version addresses pending questions with some more details and references.)
What has been the overall trend in final energy consumption of buildings in the EU since 2010?
What are the main drivers of the energy consumption variation, and in particular energy savings, for residential and service buildings?
These are the key questions answered during this (11th) webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Highlights from their research:
➢The energy consumption of buildings has steadily decreased since 2010 despite GDP growth.
➢There are large disparities in building performances across countries.
➢Since 2015, the rate of household energy efficiency improvements has dropped by 50% (compared to 2000-2014).
➢Energy efficiency of large electrical appliances, which has largely improved in the past, does not counterbalance anymore the rapid growth of the consumption of small appliances.
Energy Sufficiency Indicators and Policies (Lea Gynther, Motiva)Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief looks at questions ‘how to measure energy sufficiency’, ‘which policies and measures can be used to address energy sufficiency’ and ‘how they are used in Europe today’.
Energy sufficiency refers to a situation where everyone has access to the energy services they need, whilst the impacts of the energy system do not exceed environmental limits. The level of ambition needed to address energy sufficiency is higher than in the case of energy efficiency.
This is the 13th edition of the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy, and number 519 in the Leonardo ENERGY series. The recording of the live presentation can be found on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAdYbI0wDI&list=PLUFRNkTrB5O_V155aGXfZ4b3R0fvT7sKz
Global Overview of Energy Efficiency in Buildingsreeep
This document discusses energy efficiency in buildings globally. It notes that buildings account for 35% of global energy use, with consumption varying greatly between regions. There is significant potential for energy savings in buildings through approaches like building codes and standards, energy labeling programs, and clean development mechanisms. However, barriers like high upfront costs, lack of awareness, and weak policies still limit energy efficiency. The document outlines various international initiatives and projects aimed at promoting building energy efficiency.
BUILD UPON: Monica Ardeleanu - Green homes & mortgages: quality, health and f...GBC Finland
The document discusses the benefits of green homes and mortgages, including lower costs, health benefits, and financial returns compared to traditional homes. It provides examples of green housing projects in Romania that have achieved certification. Government policies like property tax reductions for green buildings could further incentivize deep energy renovations. Moving forward, engagement is needed from mortgage underwriters, real estate appraisers, insurers and national banks to recognize the financial benefits of energy efficiency and lower total homeownership costs.
How to Save a Planet - On a Budget: Hour 1: Carbon Pricing and Cap and TradeSocial Media Today
The webinar discussed how to save the planet on a budget through green finance. It covered paying the cost of carbon through policies like carbon pricing, taxes, and cap-and-trade systems. Speakers from organizations like the Environmental Defense Fund and the British Columbia Ministry of Environment discussed experiences with carbon taxes and cap-and-trade in Europe and British Columbia. They addressed the impacts on emissions reductions and costs to the economy as well as challenges around price volatility, windfall profits, and fraud. The webinar emphasized using market-based policies and pricing carbon to drive low-carbon innovation.
Supporting High-Penetration PV with Energy StorageSmithers Apex
The document discusses issues with high penetration of photovoltaics (PV) and the role of energy storage solutions. High PV penetration can cause problems with generation mix, instability on high-penetration feeders, and reverse power flows. Storage can help integrate more PV by smoothing output over seconds/minutes and shaping output over an hour to conform with forecasts. Locating storage near PV or consumers maximizes value. Optimizing energy storage requires minimizing costs while capturing multiple value streams like peak shaving and grid services to allow higher levels of renewable energy on the grid.
Unep green economy modelling focus on natural resource management, agricultur...Dr Lendy Spires
This report analyzes South Africa's transition to a green economy by modeling investment scenarios focused on natural resource management, agriculture, transport, and energy sectors. It uses the Threshold 21 modeling tool to simulate baseline and green economy scenarios from 2012-2030. The baseline scenario projects continued economic growth, rising emissions and resource use, while green economy scenarios invest additional funds in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable resource management. Results indicate green investments can boost employment while reducing emissions and environmental impacts compared to baseline trends.
The document summarizes a rechargeable lithium polymer battery that can be used to replace the OEM battery for Motorola/Symbol MC3000/MC3100 laser scanners. The battery contains high-quality Sony cells, provides excellent discharge characteristics and cycle life, extending operating time. It has undergone rigorous testing and comes with a 12-month warranty against defects. The battery is manufactured by Global Technology Systems, which specializes in mobile power technologies.
Workshop on energy efficiency indicators syrian country presentation cairo 2...RCREEE
This document summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of Syria's data collection process for energy usage. It notes that each ministry collects its own statistics, but there is a lack of private sector data, incomplete annual datasets, and approximations used. Recommendations are made to improve coverage of tertiary, transport, and industrial sectors. The development of energy efficiency indicators in Syria will help monitor national strategies and allow for benchmarking and policy evaluation. Continued work is needed to train experts, obtain accurate private sector data, and consolidate energy data collection.
AN EXPERIMENTAL ON USE OF FLY ASH PELLETS IN CONCRETE IN PLACE OF GRANITE AGG...Ijripublishers Ijri
A construction industry plays vital role in India which leads into the economic developments. The materials like fine
aggregate, coarse aggregate are used to prepare cement concrete which are easily available natural resources in our
country, but now there is high demand in materials which have gone to a high scenario.
The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its
percentage utilization is less than 10%. Majority of fly ash produced is of Class F type. During the last few years, some
cement companies have started using fly ash in manufacturing cement, known as ‘Pozzalanic Portland cement. It mainly
concentrated on replacement of cement with fly ash but production of artificial aggregate with fly ash helps in utilizing
large volume of fly ash in concrete. The world is much interested in this part recently due to this large scale utilization
which also reduces environmental pollution and dwindling of natural resources.
Session1 cdm eligibility of prosol (amel bida, rcreee)RCREEE
The document summarizes a regional workshop on solar thermal applications held in Cairo, Egypt in March 2009. It discusses Egypt's eligibility for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects under the Kyoto Protocol and highlights two potential CDM projects involving Egypt's PROSOL program: (1) a 450,000 square meter residential solar water heating project called PROSOL II, and (2) a 90,000 square meter commercial solar water heating project called PROSOL Collectif. The document provides details on each project's approval status, anticipated greenhouse gas reductions, and socioeconomic benefits.
Remote sensing involves collecting information about objects or areas from a distance without making direct contact. It works by sensing and recording reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing data. Key points are that it obtains data through passive sensors that sense sunlight reflected by Earth or active sensors like radar that emit and sense their own radiation. Platforms can be ground, airborne or spaceborne. Spaceborne platforms are in either geostationary or polar orbits. [/SUMMARY]
Organizational Politics
Topics under consideration are:
1-Power
2-Basics of Power
3-Power Tactics
4-Organizational Politics
5-Existance of politics
6-Deffensive action
7-Case study
Institutional changes in peri urban areas a ase of bopal ghuma nagarplaika 1Riddhi Vakharia
Rapid urbanization creates a definitive pressure on the core urbanized area falling under the jurisdiction of some urban local government. Also there is a phenomenal increase in urban population in third world nations especially in the metropolitan areas which is due to high migration from rural areas and small towns. This pressure results into spill out areas outside the city limits which could be then classified as fringe zone area with a distinct and dynamically varying space in the overall context of the core urbanized area. During development the rural settlements are being absorbed within the urbanized areas, which can also be termed as urban villages, lying on fringe of a large cities. This urban sprawl induces the spreading of land uses of urban nature into the surrounding urban villages in the fringes drawing large population into the urban-rural interface.
Peri-urban area are the transitional area which are the passage between the rural area i.e. the village on one side and the urban core i.e. city on the other and obtains features of both these areas. Characteristics of these areas may vary from place to place in their existence and intensity on the basis of physical and cultural and economic aspects of the place. Various parameters are used to define Urban areas which are broadly classified as demographic components (i.e., increase of density and population size), economic sectoral component (i.e., a primarily non-agricultural labor force) and psychological -social- component (i.e., awareness for the meaning of Urban) as identified by (Iaquinta & Drescher, 2000).
Institutional scenario of peri-urban area is relevant as we can understand the limitation emerging development, management and planning in these areas. Peri-urban areas are often under the jurisdiction umbrella of multiple administrative institutions, having fragile relations and inadequate municipal power in service resulting into an uncertain environment and ambiguity into which institutes works for what particular area. . (Adriana , L. A. da Silva , & Corubolo, 1999). Key challenges due to poor institutional setup are lack of capacity, shortage of funds, multiplicity of authorities, revenue generation, lack of technical expertise, non-recognition and lack of planning, information gap.
Development Of Non Aqueous Asymmetric Hybrid Supercapacitors Part IiNakkiran Arulmozhi
This document discusses the development of non-aqueous asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors based on lithium-ion intercalated compounds. Specifically, it details the synthesis of LiMn2O4 and a multidoped version with Ni, Co and Cu. It then describes the physical characterization, cell fabrication, and electrochemical characterization including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show better performance for the multidoped compound in terms of specific capacitance, power density, energy density, coulombic efficiency and internal resistance over 5000 cycles. Structural changes during cycling and capacity fading mechanisms are also discussed.
Iirs lecure notes for Remote sensing –An Overview of Decision MakerTushar Dholakia
The document provides an overview of remote sensing including:
1) Defining remote sensing as acquiring information about Earth's surface without physical contact using sensors to detect reflected or emitted energy.
2) Describing the basic components and processes of remote sensing including emission, transmission, interaction with the surface, and sensor data acquisition.
3) Detailing the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with Earth's surfaces and the information that can be derived from changes in magnitude, direction, wavelength and other properties.
4) Explaining the different types of remote sensing platforms, sensors, resolutions and wavelengths used in remote sensing from visible light to microwaves.
5) Providing an overview of Indian remote sensing satellites
1) The document discusses energy basics including force, power, and different units of energy like joules and kilowatt hours.
2) It explains that solar energy has significant potential as a renewable energy source, with the sun providing around 1.75x105 TW of energy to the Earth's atmosphere.
3) Some applications of solar energy are electricity generation using photovoltaic systems, solar desalination, and solar drying of agricultural products.
Class materials for teaching the use of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino Uno. These materials were originally used in Startathon 2016.
The code is available here. https://github.com/SustainableLivingLab/ultrasonic-hc-sr04-usage
The document summarizes the evolution of modern portfolio theory from its origins in Harry Markowitz's mean-variance model to subsequent developments like the Sharpe single-index model and CAPM. It discusses how Markowitz showed investors could maximize returns for a given risk level by holding efficient portfolios on the efficient frontier. The Sharpe model reduced the inputs needed for portfolio risk estimation by correlating assets to a market index rather than each other. CAPM then defined the market portfolio as the efficient portfolio and allowed a risk-free asset, changing the shape of the efficient frontier.
The document summarizes the Markowitz model for building optimal investment portfolios. It discusses key aspects of the model such as diversification to reduce risk, defining the efficient frontier of portfolios with maximum return for a given level of risk, and including both risky and risk-free assets as well as leverage to construct portfolios. The model provides a framework for investors to analyze risk and return tradeoffs across different portfolio combinations.
El documento describe varias características y salas del Palacio Nacional de Sintra en Portugal, incluyendo las escaleras, chimeneas desde el patio central, azulejos por todas partes, el cuarto que fue prisión de Don Alfonso VI, la cocina, la sala Manuelina y el lavadero. También menciona las subidas y bajadas empinadas que habría que hacer con piernas menudas en esa época.
El documento describe una visita al Palacio da Pena en Sintra, Portugal. Se sube en autobús al palacio y se inspeccionan los puestos de guardia. Se disfruta de la vista de Sintra desde las alturas del palacio y se considera tomar té o café. Se encuentra un antiguo teléfono de uso restringido y se pregunta cuándo se servirá la comida en el palacio.
Presentation by Alison Todd during the SBO meeting Climate Group of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary, Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions held on 8 December 2022.
The document discusses the European Union's ambitious climate and energy targets for 2030, including a 32% share of renewables and 32.5% energy savings compared to business as usual. It notes an estimated yearly investment gap of €150-200 billion to meet these targets. The EU's Clean Energy for All Europeans policy package and legislation are outlined. Initiatives are proposed to develop projects, de-risk investments, use more financial instruments and flexible financing platforms to boost energy efficiency and renewables. Funding sources for energy efficiency investments through the next EU multiannual financial framework are also summarized, including the LIFE Programme, InvestEU, Horizon Europe and others.
The FY 2013 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy program seeks $2.267 billion, an increase of $457.7 million over FY 2012. Key goals include making renewable electricity competitive without subsidies by 2030 through initiatives for solar, wind, water, and geothermal technologies. In transportation, the goals are to reduce oil imports by 1/3 by 2025 through electric vehicles, biofuels, and advanced batteries and fuel cells. The budget restructures EERE programs along a technology readiness level approach from research through commercialization.
Milwaukee - Resource Recovery - Sustainable Water Reclamation (SeWeR)U.S. Water Alliance
The document discusses resource recovery and sustainability efforts at the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD). MMSD aims to achieve zero combined sewer overflows and sanitary sewer overflows, use 100% renewable energy sources including 80% self-produced, and reduce its carbon footprint by 90% by 2035. Current initiatives discussed include generating biogas and electricity from sewage digesters, capturing waste heat, and plans to build a pipeline to transport landfill gas to power turbines instead of purchasing natural gas. The landfill gas project is estimated to save MMSD tens of millions of dollars and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 95% compared to using natural gas.
Sustainable energy and climate mitigation pathways in the Republic of MauritiusIEA-ETSAP
nable strategies and low emission pathways in Small Island Developing States: a costoptimization approach for the integration of renewables in the Republic of Mauritius.
Ms. Anna Genave, Université de La Réunion
Long-term impacts of 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on EU energy dimensionIEA-ETSAP
This document summarizes a study on the long-term impacts of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on the EU energy system. Scenarios were developed using linked economic and energy system models to assess impacts through 2030 under different economic recovery and climate policy scenarios. Results show reductions in CO2 emissions and energy consumption due to behavior changes like remote working. Increased renewable energy investments could be supported by the EU's COVID recovery fund, contributing up to half of needed power generation investments under an ambitious climate policy scenario.
Green Finance: Business Opportunities and Role of Financial InstitutionsADFIAP
1) The document discusses the role of development finance institutions (DFIs) in supporting low-carbon investment and green growth through mobilizing private funding and providing financing support such as guarantees, insurance, and co-financing.
2) It outlines Japan Bank for International Cooperation's (JBIC) efforts to develop a "Joint Crediting Mechanism" (J-MRV) to quantify greenhouse gas emission reductions from low-carbon investment projects and apply it to their due diligence and project finance processes.
3) JBIC aims for J-MRV to serve as an internationally accepted methodology and help scale up low-carbon investment while preparing for future carbon market mechanisms.
- GreenStream provides asset management, brokerage, and advisory services related to carbon markets and renewable energy projects. It manages investment vehicles focused on carbon credits and renewable energy.
- The global carbon market and investment in renewable energy have grown substantially in recent years. The CDM project pipeline includes many energy efficiency and renewable energy projects concentrated in Asia.
- Outlook suggests carbon markets will continue as climate negotiations proceed and cap-and-trade systems expand. The CDM and new flexible mechanisms are expected to be part of future agreements. GreenStream operates across Europe and has partnerships in China and Africa.
The document discusses Kazakhstan's obligations and commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Some key points:
- Kazakhstan ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2009 and committed to cut emissions 5% below 1990 levels by 2020, with additional voluntary targets of 15% by 2020 and 25% by 2050.
- Scenarios predict Kazakhstan's emissions could increase 24-37% by 2030 without action. Kazakhstan aims to source 50% of energy from renewables by 2020 and decrease energy intensity.
- Kazakhstan launched an emissions trading scheme in 2013 to help meet its targets. Industry groups have expressed concerns about the costs and impacts of further commitments under proposals like the Doha Amendment.
Concept and methodology of nam as development- selection creteria, mrv and te...RCREEE
This document discusses concepts and methodologies for developing Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), including selection criteria, measuring, reporting and verification (MRV), and templates. It provides examples of selection criteria for NAMAs, such as national development policy criteria involving economic, environmental, social and indirect impacts. It also discusses technical criteria including simplicity of GHG calculations and determining financing needs. The document outlines components of MRV for NAMAs and defining support needs. Finally, it provides examples of NAMAs from Tunisia and Morocco involving renewable energy goals and estimated emission reductions.
This document discusses energy efficiency and smart communities from a European Union perspective. It provides background on climate and energy targets in the EU, the development of the Energy Union initiative, and key policy areas like secure energy supplies, completing the internal energy market, promoting energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and boosting research and innovation. It also examines the role of smart cities, sustainable buildings, and EU funding mechanisms like the Covenant of Mayors in supporting energy and climate goals at the local level.
Infrastructure and new energies from planning to realization_Value PartnersValue Partners
9th Italian Energy Summit: the opening speech of the roundtable devoted to “Infrastructures and new energies: from support plans to projects realization”. By Ruggero Jenna, director of Value Partners and leader of the Singapore office.
This 3-page document discusses objectives and plans for Italy's energy sector to meet 2020 targets for renewable energy generation, emission reduction, and energy efficiency.
It outlines Italy's targets of achieving 20% renewable energy generation, a 20% reduction in emissions, and 20% improved energy efficiency by 2020 based on EU directives. Potential levers are identified such as incentives for renewable sources, carbon capture and storage, and initiatives to improve building and industrial efficiency.
Projected generation mixes for Italy and the EU in 2020 are presented, indicating an expected increase in renewable sources like solar and wind power. Open discussion points are posed around interventions needed in the generation mix, grid infrastructure improvements, and appropriate incentive systems.
Ofgem Presentation at Economist Energy Summitcarbonbrief
Alistair Buchanan, CEO of Ofgem, presented on moving energy and climate change policy forward in 2012. Key initiatives included implementing tariff reforms through consultation, applying the new RIIO regulatory model for the first time, and ongoing investigations into retail markets. The presentation provided background on electricity market reforms and the scale of investment required. It also discussed gas security of supply concerns and introduced the new RIIO regulatory approach focusing on outputs, incentives and innovation to deliver efficient network investment totaling £32 billion by 2020.
14 undp turkey ee presentation katalin_zaim 09 dec 2013UNDPhr
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Katalin Zaim at a Power Summit in Turkey in 2013. The presentation outlines Turkey's renewable energy and energy efficiency targets for 2023, including increasing renewable energy generation to 30% and specific targets for wind, hydro, and solar power. It also summarizes several UNDP Turkey energy efficiency projects focused on industry, buildings, and appliances that aim to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Key activities and achievements of the projects are highlighted.
Similar to Day 1 Improvement of the EE&RE Policy Making Process (20)
Gender challenges in clean energy sector can networkRCREEE
Women play an important role in the clean energy sector but face challenges. Case studies from Yemen, Lebanon, the UAE, and Palestine show successful women entrepreneurs and leaders in solar energy. However, women face barriers to securing funding, building partnerships, and educating stakeholders. Actions to address the gender gap include strengthening international cooperation, providing targeted funding, improving access to networks, and supportive policies to promote gender equality in clean energy.
Climate and energy policies advocacy of youth in the arab worldRCREEE
The document summarizes a regional project aimed at strengthening the advocacy capacities of youth in the Arab world on climate and energy policies. It discusses objectives to build skills in energy and climate fields and integrate societal aspects like gender disparities. A key output is a policy paper presenting recommendations from 12 young professionals and activists from 10 Arab countries (majority women) to regional decision-makers on energy visions and policies. The project also aims to empower women in sustainable energy and give them a platform to influence decision-making processes.
Women in energy a world full of opportunities lcecRCREEE
Ms. Patil Mesrobian, Program Development Officer, LCEC presentation at Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Green Mind is a Lebanese non-profit founded in 2012 primarily by women seeking to promote sustainable practices. Led by a woman, Green Mind hopes to inspire other women to take on environmental challenges. It recognizes leadership in sustainability through various awards and organizes projects in areas like education, energy, water, transport, and waste. Green Mind also created mobile apps like GreenMiles for carpooling and one for reforestation efforts to promote environmental causes through technology.
Many initiatives are currently blossoming across the region facilitating a stronger engagement of females in clean energy.
Salma El Shiekh, The Sudanese Artik Energy Start up founder shared her journey at Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Many initiatives are currently blossoming across the region facilitating a stronger engagement of females in clean energy.
Eng. Zainab Garashi, Founder & CEO, Engineers without Boarders- Kuwait presented EWB projects at Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Women in Energy in Jordan Challenges, Opportunities and the Way Forward JREEE...RCREEE
Many initiatives are currently blossoming across the region facilitating a stronger engagement of females in clean energy.
Eng. Lina AL-Mubaideen presented JREEEF programs and Initiatives in Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Women in energy sector in the mena region rcreeeRCREEE
Introducing the latest perspectives on gender engagement in the workforce with specific focus on clean energy by Eng. Sara Ibrahim, RCREEE Senior Expert at Enabling Women in Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of
International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Awakening diversity in the clean energy sector a key point to achieve sustai...RCREEE
Introducing the latest perspectives on gender engagement in the workforce with specific focus on clean energy by Ms. Fatma M'Selmi Baklouti, CEO & Founder Laur' us Consulting at Enabling Women in Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of
International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
Mitigating environmental impact in non renewable energy the role of womenRCREEE
Introducing the latest perspectives on gender engagement in the workforce with specific focus on clean energy by Ms. Diana Kaissy, Executive Director, The Lebanese Oil and Gas Initiative-LOGI at Enabling Women in Sustainable Energy Field: A Step towards Sustainable Communities - Workshop on the side of
International Beirut Energy Forum on 25 September 2019.
These are the key messages of the first High Level Policy Dialogue to promote RE and EE in the Mediterranean region. The messages were delivered by Dr. Badr
The presentation is prepared as an introduction for the first High Level Policy Dialogue to promote RE and EE in the Mediterranean region by Eng. Kraidy
EU-Egypt Energy Cooperation: A successful modelRCREEE
This document discusses EU-Egypt energy cooperation and outlines key energy challenges in Egypt. It summarizes achievements in EU-Egypt energy cooperation including projects supporting renewable energy, energy efficiency, and regulatory capacity. It presents the Second Memorandum of Understanding between Egypt and EU for 2018-2022 focusing on gas and electricity sector reforms, renewable energy projects, and technological cooperation. The European Investment Plan is introduced as a three-pillar structure to mobilize investment through technical assistance, improved investment climate, and financing from the European Fund for Sustainable Development. Potential energy investment projects are listed in renewable energy, energy efficiency, and grid infrastructure totaling over 1.7 billion Euros.
Global Energy Interconnection Enhances Renewable Energy Development & Regiona...RCREEE
The document discusses global energy interconnection (GEI) and the Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO). It summarizes GEIDCO's view of GEI as an infrastructure platform to massively develop, transmit, and utilize clean energy worldwide using ultra-high voltage grids and smart grid technology. The document outlines GEIDCO's management structure, membership, and regional offices. It provides examples of cooperation projects between countries to interconnect power grids and develop clean energy. Finally, it presents GEIDCO's proposed roadmap and backbone network for the development of GEI over domestic, intra-continental, and intercontinental phases by 2050.
Report summary on Intended Nationnally determined contributions -Comprehensiv...RCREEE
This document provides a summary of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) from 20 Arab countries. It finds that these plans outline both unconditional and higher conditional emission reduction targets. Cost estimates total over $109 billion, with 71% of costs listed as conditional on international support. Adaptation actions are generally lower cost than mitigation and focus on sectors beyond energy. Countries' plans emphasize renewable energy development as well as energy efficiency across sectors. Water desalination and carbon capture storage are mentioned in relation to these areas. Overall, the plans indicate ambitions to increase clean energy and jobs while reducing emissions, though voluntary targets may need to become mandatory with regional coordination.
Energy productivity as a new paradigm for sustainable energy transitionsRCREEE
1. Energy productivity is a new policy paradigm that focuses on improving the value obtained from energy consumption through greater energy efficiency, structural economic reforms, and other energy and climate policies.
2. A report by KAPSARC and UNESCWA examined energy productivity in Saudi Arabia and found that diversification efforts and energy efficiency are transitioning the country to a lower energy intensity pathway in line with its Vision 2030 goals.
3. The report discusses how industrial strategy and policy can further increase Saudi Arabia's energy productivity by developing higher value added industries and strengthening local supply chains.
Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and OpportunitiesRCREEE
The document summarizes the current status of sustainable energy in the Arab region and key challenges. Near-universal electricity access has been achieved in cities, but rural access remains around 80%. Energy consumption has more than doubled since 1990, with renewables playing a marginal role at 4% of energy. Barriers to expanding renewable energy and energy efficiency include high costs, lack of incentives, and insufficient policies. Universal access to electricity and clean cooking fuels has not been achieved. Water scarcity and dependence on fossil fuels are significant regional challenges. Promoting investments, technology, capacity building, and data are priorities to meet development and climate goals.
Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and Opportunities
Day 1 Improvement of the EE&RE Policy Making Process
1. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
RE & EE National Policies Evaluation Workshop
Cairo, December 19 – 20, 2010
Improvement of the EE&RE Policy Making Process
Page 1 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
2. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Overview of the presentation
• Tool 1 - Economic and financial considerations
• Tool 2 – Scenario analysis
• Case studies – Marocco CSP
• Tool 3: Policy Prepration Methodology
– Evidence base policy preparation
– Theory based policy evaluation
Page 2 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
3. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Tool 1 - Economic and financial considerations
• RE and EE policies have to consider a number of different actors
(investors, energy supply companies, energy user, Government-
budget, Government country)
• Multiple win-win situations are possible and should be achieved
• For each stakeholder an cost-benefit analysis should be made
• Costs are not only costs of equipment
Opportunity costs should be considered:
– Benefit foregone in an alternative use
– „There is no free lunch
– Economic values – social opportunity costs – shadow prices
Page 3 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
4. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Tool 2 - Scenario Analysis
• Uncertainties regarding to:
– Economic development (financial crisis)
– International cooperation
– Availability of energy ressources
– Energy prices (reference price of crude oil)
– Technology costs
• Scenario analysis Analysis
– Dealing with uncertainties
– Expoloring future developments
– Creation of consensus
Page 4 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
5. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Case Study – Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
• Scope of the case study:
– CSP technology financing conditions
– Coal based electricity generation
– Comparison of levelized costs „renewable value“
– Cmparison of elecricity supply costs
– Sensitivity Test - Scenarios
Page 5 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
6. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
CSP - Financing conditions
Page 6 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
7. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Coal Based Electricity Generation - Data and Assumptions
Page 7 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
8. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Coal Power Plant and CSP - Comparison Levelised Costs
35
31.89
30
24.20
25
US-cent / kWh
20
15
7.69
10
5
0
Coal CSP Renew able value
Cost of electricity supply
Page 8 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
9. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Coal-electricity and CSP - Comparison of electricity supply costs
35
30
US-cent / kWh
25
20
15
10
5
0
2014
2017
2020
2023
2026
2029
2032
2035
2038
2041
2044
2047
Year
Coal based CSP based
Page 9 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
10. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Impact of Carbon Credits upon "Renewable Values"
30
24.20
25 22.64 21.87
21.09 20.32
20
US-cent / kWh
15
10
5
0
0 USD 10 USD 20 USD 30 USD 50 USD
Value of CERs / Carbon credits (USD / t CO2)
Page 10 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
11. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Impact of Carbon Credits upon "Renewable Values"
30
24.20
25 22.64 21.87
21.09 20.32
20
US-cent / kWh
15
10
5
0
0 USD 10 USD 20 USD 30 USD 50 USD
Value of CERs / Carbon credits (USD / t CO2)
Page 11 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
12. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Sensitivity Test - Scenarios
The sensitivity test considers the following cases / scenarios:
Case 1: Assumptions as stated for the base case,
Case 2: Favourable financing conditions (longer loan repayment
period, lower interest rate and lower equity requirements,
Case 3: Assumptions of case 2 plus a higher CSP load factor of 35%
(instead 25%) without considering higher investment costs -
technical progress would lead to better performance at the
same costs,
Case 4: Assumptions of case 2 & 3 plus assumed higher coal prices.
Page 12 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
13. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
"Renewable values" - Comparison of cases
Page 13 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
14. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Tool 3: Policy Prepration Methodology
What are
Evidence based policy making
and
Theory based evaluation
?
Page 14 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
15. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
What is Evidence Based Policy Making?
“An approach to policy development and implementation which uses
rigorous techniques to develop and maintain a robust evidence base
from which to develop policy options”.
• All policies are based on evidence – the questions are:
– Is the evidence reliable?
– Are the processes by which evidence is turned into policy fit for
their purpose?
• Evidence is leading to an behavioural model – „Theory“
• Formuliation in Behavioural Matrix – Log-frame matrix
• Verifiable indicators – impact measurement
Page 15 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
16. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Why do we need it?
• Policy is often driven by prejudice or short-term political pressure
• Made by small groups – exhibits preferences and perceptions of this
group – can be changed when group changes – may not be accepted
by stakeholders - partial and unstable
• Agencies have their own agendas and visions that may conflict
among themselves and with those of government
• Countries need well-resourced, in-house capabilities to analyse and
evaluate policy and more transparent processes
• The perceived need is more stable and robust policy with greater
acceptance
• We should not start the policy making process with a „perceived or
inherited theory“.
Page 16 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
17. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
What is evidence?
• Evidence is any information that can be used to turn policy objectives into
feasible and effective policy instruments:
• hard data (facts, trends, survey information)
• analytical reasoning that processes data to illuminate problems
• stakeholder opinion on an issue or set of issues.
• Research, analysis of stakeholder opinion, public perceptions and beliefs,
cost/benefit analyses, economic and statistical modelling are important
sources of evidence
• An evidence-based approach should show continuity between foresight,
strategy, policy, and implementation
Page 17 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
18. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Good evidence is necessary, but not sufficient
There are policy processes that
use it well use it poorly
use good information
use poor information
Need evidence and process
Page 18 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
19. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
The process of evidence-based policy making
• Alternative forms of intervention need to be reviewed and short-listed
• There must always be a base-case against which alternatives are screened
• All the relevant potential impacts need to be identified and where possible, quantified
• Impacts should be assessed in consultation with the subjects of policy
• The cost of compliance needs to be assessed
• To be considered also who pays the compliance costs / procedures for compliance
• Indicators need to be established of what is expected from the policy measures
• Quantitative analysis of impacts is essential. The analytical method most commonly
used is economic cost-benefit analysis / economic-financial evaluation
• Cost-benefit analysis should take into account opportunity costs of energy and
external environmental costs
• Multi-criteria analysis maybe a useful support to decision making; sensitivity analysis
is one expression of this idea
Page 19 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
20. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
What is Theory-Based Evaluation?
Theory -Based evaluationbasedon analys is focusses on theor logical sequence
Theory focus evaluation the theoretical
es of
by which a policytheoretical and logical to bring about its des ired effects .
analysis of the intervention is expected sequence / behavioural model
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The concept is s im ilar to the logical fram ework for project evaluation
, but because it
depends on an explicit behavioural m odel it can handle not logical structures
linear
Page 20 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
21. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Theory -Based evaluation focuson analys is Affairs theoretical or logical sequence
es of the of Denmark
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign
by which a policy intervention is expected to bring about its des ired effects .
For instance, a theory Theory-Based Evaluation? the s teps that are im plicit
What is ed evaluation m ight ask about
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electricalappliancesand the policy
) outcome (reducingenergy and
GHGs. The Figure repres ents the
) implicit theoryof policy m akers :
Introduction Cons um er is Manufacturers Market is Energy us e
of MEPS em powered to are trans form ed and CO2
m ake a better incentivised to and inefficient em is sions
judgem entand m akemore devices fall;
change efficient becom e Dom es tic
behaviour m odels obs olete m anufacture
s trengthened
The concept is s im ilar to the logical fram ework for project evaluation
, but because it
depends on an explicit behavioural m odel it can handle not logical structures
linear
Page 21 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010
22. Economical, Technological and Environmental Impact Assessment of National Regulations
and Incentives for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
A project financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
Theory and the Policy Cycle
Foresight formulate Evidence
reformulate Theory Implement
Model
Indicators
evaluate monitor
Page 22 Cairo – RE & EE Policy Evaluation December 19 - 20, 2010