Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and Opportunities
Day 1session 2: Energy Efficiency at EU level
1. Energy Efficiency at EU level
The Energy Services Directive and the
National Energy Efficiency Action Plans
(NEAAPs) of the EU-27
Experience from the EU project
‚Energy Efficiency Watch„ (2007-2010)
26 July, 2010
Carsten Petersdorff, Managing Director Ecofys Germany
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2. Content
Introduction: The Energy Efficiency Watch Project
Background: The European policy framework for energy
efficiency
The Energy Service Directive (ESD)
The National Energy Efficiency Action Plans (NEEAPs)
Conclusions
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3. The Energy Efficiency Watch project
Objectives:
Identification of best-practice policies in EU
Promotion of energy efficiency policy by addressing
European and national parliamentarians
Screening & evaluation of the National Energy Efficiency
Plans
embedded in a broader Energy-Efficiency-Watch-Initiative
(EEWI) initiated by EU parliamentarians
Screening was conducted by Ecofys and the Wuppertal
Institute
More information under www.energy-efficiency-watch.org
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5. European EE
Action Plan: Save
20% energy by 2020 Directive on end-use
Directive on
energy efficiency and
cogeneration of heat
energy services
and power (CHP)
National Voluntary agreement on
Directive on the energy efficient cars
energy Increase energy
performance of energy efficiency
buildings (EPBD) on the Member Directive on labelling of
State level cars
Energy
Directive on CO2
emissions trading
policies STAR program
Directive on labelling of Ecodesign Directive
appliances
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6. Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings
(EPBD)
Adopted in 2002, entered into
force 2006-2009
Member states should have:
Minimum requirements for new
buildings & existing buildings >
1000 m2 when renovated
Consider CHP, heat pumps etc. for
buildings larger than 1000 m2
Energy performance certificate
when built, hired out or sold
Regular inspection of boilers more
than 20 kW
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7. Eco-Design Directive
Directive on the Eco-design of Energy-Using Products
framework directive
Two approaches:
minimum efficiency standards
eco-design requirement
Situation
adopted early 2005
implementation for 15 types of equipment is under way
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9. Scope and framework of ESD
Entered into force in May 2006
Targets
9% end-use energy savings beyond business as usual in the
period 2008-2016
Sector targeted:
Final energy users in all sectors except ETS sectors
Energy companies, distributors, retail energy sales companies
Framework for achieving targets
Member States have to develop National Energy Efficiency
Action Plans
Remove market barriers that hamper energy end-use efficiency
Assign authorities or agencies to monitor targets
Exemplary role for public sector
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10. Measures suggested for the promotion of end-
use energy efficiency (EE)
Improved information on energy efficiency
Qualification, accreditation and certification schemes
Energy audits
Financial instruments
Energy efficient tariffs and other regulation
Funds for providers of energy efficiency improvements, e.g.
ESCOs
Metering and informative billing
Market based instruments, e.g. voluntary agreements or
white certificates
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11. Obligations for energy distributors and retail
energy sales companies
Member States have to ensure that these companies:
Provide statistical information on their final customers
(aggregated level)
Refrain from any activities that impede demand or delivery of
energy services and other EE measures
Provide competitively priced energy services to their
customers and/or energy audit and/or contribute to funds and
funding mechanisms.
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12. Exemplary role public sector: list of eligible
public procurement measures
Requirements concerning the use of financial instruments
for energy savings (e.g. energy performance contracting)
Requirements to purchase energy efficient equipment
Requirements to replace or retrofit existing equipment
Requirements to use energy audits and implement the
recommended measures
Requirements to purchase or rent energy efficient buildings
(or replace/retrofit them)
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14. NEEAPs: Requirements and timeline
Member States are obliged (but not necessarily
motivated) to submit action plans
1st NEEAP was due in 2007
No specific format
Recognition of ‚early action„ (measures initiated in a
previous year not earlier than 1995)
Submitted NEEAPs vary greatly in detail and ambition
1st NEEAPs are rather a „collection of ideas‟ for the
Commission
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15. NEEAPs: Requirements and timeline
2nd NEEAP due 2011
European Commission will provide a harmonised template
Member States must evaluate the preceding NEEAP and their
target achievement
Include additional measures addressing shortfalls
3rd NEEAP due 2014
Member States must evaluate the preceding NEEAP and their
target achievement
European Commission will probably define further
requirements to ensure target achievement 2016
Political process aiming to build-up consistent energy
efficiency policy framework
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17. Important role of policy packages
- Packages for end-users of energy -
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18. Information and advice
Private households sector
Ireland – ‚Power of one„-campaign: integrated campaign on
information, education, change of behaviour
Public sector
Malta - ‚Green Leaders„ in each Ministry: make public
building stock more efficient
Industry / Tertiary sector
Finland – mandatory audits for private service buildings
(Czech republic following)
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19. Regulation
Examples of dynamization of mandatory
standards
Revision of national building regulation in 2010 to
improve energy performance of existing buildings by
60% (Ireland)
Zero carbon standard for new homes by 2016 (UK)
Information & Regulation: energy improvements
specified in the energy label must be implemented when
existing buildings are renovated (Denmark)
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20. Funding & Financing
Tax incentives
Energy investment deduction (EID) in the Netherlands allows
deductions on taxable profits after investments in EE
Enhanced capital allowances (ECA) in UK provide tertiary
sector with a first year 100% tax allowance on EE equipment
Examples of subsidy schemes
Low-interest loans for EE retrofitting of existing buildings,
combined with energy advice program to identify EE measures
(Germany)
Combination with quality assurance: Funding when certified
advisors approved quality of the measure, (City of Hamburg)
Energy Savings Trusts (DK, UK)
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21. Important role of policy packages
- Packages for energy suppliers -
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22. Market Based Services & Instruments
Energy services and ESCOs generally still play a
subordinated role in the NEEAPs, but some
examples
White certificate schemes (France, Italy,
Poland)
Electricity saving obligation for distribution
companies (Flanders)
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23. Stimulating Voluntary Agreements
Examples of long term agreements with companies
combined with financial incentives
Companies which have signed the “energy conservation
agreement” can get higher rates of subsidies for energy
audits (Finland)
An Energy Agreement Programme promotes energy
management schemes in companies (Ireland)
Combined strategies: establishing a climate change levy
to reduce energy use in the industry and public sector –
for those who commit to emission reductions or
improved energy efficiency targets, this levy is reduced
(UK, DK, SE)
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24. General remarks on sector coverage
Buildings/Residential Sector
Regulatory approach (according to EU Directives)
Focus on establishing a funding structure
Industry and Service Sector
Focus on establishing a funding structure
Networks and voluntary agreement
Transport Sector
„weakest part in the chain“
Transport sector not or not adequately addressed
Focus on improving the transport infrastructure
„soft measures“ (Information etc.)
Agricultural sector
totally neglected in most NEEAPs (incl. those with high sector
relevance – only Spain provides measures)
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25. Conclusions 1st set of NEEAPs
Very heterogeneous NEEAPs => difficult to compare,
especially regarding calculation
Minimum requirements fulfilled
Public sector coverage rather weak
General performance: measures, calculations etc.
often intransparent / not very elaborate
Impressive scope of new measures
=> source of inspiration / for mutual learning
Step towards coherent policy packages
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26. Further Implementation of the ESD:
Recommendations for 2011 NEEAPs
Enforce ESD NEEAP process to produce good results
Standardised reporting format
Harmonised methodology for calculation of targets
and effects of measures
Clear definition of additionally (what is meant by
‚early action„ / ‚early savings„?)
pay specific attention to issues as
role of ESCOs
coverage of transport and agricultural sectors
Elaboration of measures regarding supply side
Set binding EE target (link ESD to 20/20/20 target)
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27. Thank you for your attention!
Please see for details /
good practice examples:
www.energy-efficiency-watch.org
(brochure for download)
Contact:
c.petersdorff@ecofys.com
d.becker@ecofys.com
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