Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the service quality of ELT project on beneficiaries’ satisfaction with BTEC.Evaluation design methodology approach In this study, the quantitative research design was employed, in which 368 valid structured questionnaires were obtained after distribution, using convenience sampling. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were utilized to present the inferential statistics of the data obtained to explain both relationships and effects in line with the hypotheses of this research.Findings The findings from the data obtained suggested how different services reliability, assurance, empathy, responsiveness affected beneficiaries’ satisfaction except for tangibility which has a negative significant with beneficiaries’ satisfaction. The findings clearly prove the recommended 4 services serve effectively and only tangibility service need to be discussed and improvement.Originality Value The value of the study is its illustration of how to use effective operations service to influence and increase the level of the beneficiaries satisfaction. Leangseng HOY | Rattha GNEL | Sitha SOK | Bunsrak PAN "Evaluating Beneficiaries’ Satisfaction on Quality Service of English Literacy Training (ELT) Project" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52632.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/52632/evaluating-beneficiaries’-satisfaction-on-quality-service-of-english-literacy-training-elt-project/leangseng-hoy
Rapid development of information technology provides a favorable and high-quality platform for teachers’ online professional development. However, due to some factors, some teachers are unable to attend their OPD courses successful and effectively. Therefore, the research objective of this study was to assess the challenges of Chinese EFL lecturers attending online professional development (OPD). The participants consist of 100 EFL lecturers from 3 universities in Ningxia. The instrument for data collection used for the study was 20-item questionnaire. The researchers adopted the Cronbach Alpha method to determine the reliability of the instrument. A reliability index of 0.81 was obtained. Two research questions were structured and data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that, over workload and shortage of time are among the barriers of OPD for EFL lecturers. It was also recommended that less workload and adequate technical support would improve lecturers’ professional development in universities.
Development of a Mechanism that leads to a Psychological Paradigm Shift in st...CINEC Campus
Tertiary education provides benefits to the society in terms of long term returns from basic research, applications of new technology and social cohesion Thus, a students’ choice towards tertiary education must be made accurately to enjoy the benefits of tertiary education, including employment AHEAD Project
This study was a survey conducted to determine the influence of stake holders on student career choice particularly amongst undergraduate students in school of science education Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi Kano.
WHY DO LEARNERS CHOOSE ONLINE LEARNING THE LEARNERS’ VOI.docxmansonagnus
WHY DO LEARNERS CHOOSE ONLINE LEARNING:
THE LEARNERS’ VOICES
Hale Ilgaz and Yasemin Gulbahar
Ankara University, Distance Education Center, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
ABSTRACT
Offering many advantages to adult learners, e-Learning is now being recognized - and preferred - by more and more
people, resulting in an increased number of distance learners in recent years. Numerous research studies focus on learner
preferences for online learning, with most converging around the individual characteristics and differences, if not the
features of the technology and pedagogy used. For Turkey, the situation is also similar, with the number of adult learners
who prefer online learning increasing each year due to several reasons. The result of this is an increase in the number of
online programs offered by many universities. Hence, this research study has been conducted to reveal the prevailing
factors causing learners to choose online learning. Through this qualitative research regarding online learners in a state
university, it is found that having a full time job, accessibility and flexibility, individual responsibility, effective time
management, physical distance, institutional prestige, disability are the common factors for under graduate and graduate
learners in their preference for online learning. Awareness of these factors can support the stakeholders while designing
e-Learning from both technological and pedagogical points of view.
KEYWORDS
Online learning, preferences, expectations
1. INTRODUCTION
Offering many advantages to adult learners, e-Learning is now being recognized - and preferred - by more
and more people, resulting in an increased number of distance learners in recent years. Emphasizing that
distance education has a bright and promising future, Zawacki-Richter and Naidu (2016) stress that, “In fact,
there has never been a better time to be in the field of open, flexible, distance and online education than
now!” (p. 20).
The commonly discussed factors that make online learning attractive for adults are: independence from
time and place; accessibility, and; economic reasons. With the MOOC movement, extremely high quality
online courses are now being delivered to learners by many well-known universities. Moreover, many
universities are either providing online programs or courses as a support to traditional instruction, in the form
of blended learning, flipped classes, etc. Indeed, there are almost no universities left who don’t benefit from
these advantages of technology usage and its support in teaching-learning processes.
A variety of reasons might account for these learning preferences. Çağlar and Turgut (2014) attempted to
identify the effective factors for the e-learning preferences of university students; they concluded that,
“Efficient usage of time and reduced educational expenses were found to be on top of the list as the most
valued advantages of e-learning” (p. 46). ...
The Impact of Employment Progression on Students Towards Higher Educationinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Rapid development of information technology provides a favorable and high-quality platform for teachers’ online professional development. However, due to some factors, some teachers are unable to attend their OPD courses successful and effectively. Therefore, the research objective of this study was to assess the challenges of Chinese EFL lecturers attending online professional development (OPD). The participants consist of 100 EFL lecturers from 3 universities in Ningxia. The instrument for data collection used for the study was 20-item questionnaire. The researchers adopted the Cronbach Alpha method to determine the reliability of the instrument. A reliability index of 0.81 was obtained. Two research questions were structured and data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that, over workload and shortage of time are among the barriers of OPD for EFL lecturers. It was also recommended that less workload and adequate technical support would improve lecturers’ professional development in universities.
Development of a Mechanism that leads to a Psychological Paradigm Shift in st...CINEC Campus
Tertiary education provides benefits to the society in terms of long term returns from basic research, applications of new technology and social cohesion Thus, a students’ choice towards tertiary education must be made accurately to enjoy the benefits of tertiary education, including employment AHEAD Project
This study was a survey conducted to determine the influence of stake holders on student career choice particularly amongst undergraduate students in school of science education Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi Kano.
WHY DO LEARNERS CHOOSE ONLINE LEARNING THE LEARNERS’ VOI.docxmansonagnus
WHY DO LEARNERS CHOOSE ONLINE LEARNING:
THE LEARNERS’ VOICES
Hale Ilgaz and Yasemin Gulbahar
Ankara University, Distance Education Center, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
ABSTRACT
Offering many advantages to adult learners, e-Learning is now being recognized - and preferred - by more and more
people, resulting in an increased number of distance learners in recent years. Numerous research studies focus on learner
preferences for online learning, with most converging around the individual characteristics and differences, if not the
features of the technology and pedagogy used. For Turkey, the situation is also similar, with the number of adult learners
who prefer online learning increasing each year due to several reasons. The result of this is an increase in the number of
online programs offered by many universities. Hence, this research study has been conducted to reveal the prevailing
factors causing learners to choose online learning. Through this qualitative research regarding online learners in a state
university, it is found that having a full time job, accessibility and flexibility, individual responsibility, effective time
management, physical distance, institutional prestige, disability are the common factors for under graduate and graduate
learners in their preference for online learning. Awareness of these factors can support the stakeholders while designing
e-Learning from both technological and pedagogical points of view.
KEYWORDS
Online learning, preferences, expectations
1. INTRODUCTION
Offering many advantages to adult learners, e-Learning is now being recognized - and preferred - by more
and more people, resulting in an increased number of distance learners in recent years. Emphasizing that
distance education has a bright and promising future, Zawacki-Richter and Naidu (2016) stress that, “In fact,
there has never been a better time to be in the field of open, flexible, distance and online education than
now!” (p. 20).
The commonly discussed factors that make online learning attractive for adults are: independence from
time and place; accessibility, and; economic reasons. With the MOOC movement, extremely high quality
online courses are now being delivered to learners by many well-known universities. Moreover, many
universities are either providing online programs or courses as a support to traditional instruction, in the form
of blended learning, flipped classes, etc. Indeed, there are almost no universities left who don’t benefit from
these advantages of technology usage and its support in teaching-learning processes.
A variety of reasons might account for these learning preferences. Çağlar and Turgut (2014) attempted to
identify the effective factors for the e-learning preferences of university students; they concluded that,
“Efficient usage of time and reduced educational expenses were found to be on top of the list as the most
valued advantages of e-learning” (p. 46). ...
The Impact of Employment Progression on Students Towards Higher Educationinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Effectiveness of Online Teaching in Covid Lockdown Dental Students Viewpointijtsrd
The dreadful COVID 19 has seriously affected the education system globally. New technology of learning through online has become a substitute to solve this situation partly. The present study has been done to analyse the perceptions of dental students who pursued their course through online teaching. 76 students 61 girls, 15 boys of age 17 20 years, participated in the study. After taking informed consent, a self administered questionnaire was circulated by google forms. The results were represented graphically. Majority of the students expressed the need for a crash course revision in a traditional method. They opined that the online teaching made them difficult to understand the concepts. Many felt physically isolated and were not satisfied with the online teaching. Most of the students replied that teachers’ feedback and availability helped to clarify their doubts. Only few students agreed for a blended learning approach post COVID. It can be concluded that most of the students were inclined to the traditional classroom teaching when compared to online teaching. Dr. Ravi Sunder. R | Dr. Neelima. P | Dr. Vijayalakshmi. P "Effectiveness of Online Teaching in Covid Lockdown - Dental Students Viewpoint" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33362.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/dentistry/33362/effectiveness-of-online-teaching-in-covid-lockdown--dental-students-viewpoint/dr-ravi-sunder-r
Evaluation of the Implementation of National Curriculum for Secondary School ...ijtsrd
This study aimed at evaluating the implementation of the national curriculum for secondary school Biology in Taraba State. The evaluation model used were the Context, Input, Process, and Product CIPP and Curriculum Objective models. The population for the study was 156 Biology teachers and 15,427 Biology students. A sample of 1110 respondents which consists of Biology teachers and Biology students was drawn using a multistage random sampling technique. A structured response questionnaire which was validated by experts was used to collect data. The internal consistency of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability estimate for BIEQT was 0.74. Three research questions and two null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 significant level. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions. One way Analysis of Variance ANOVA was used to test hypotheses. Among the major findings of the study were that Teachers' qualifications, aims, and objectives of the National Curriculum, and evaluation techniques used by Biology teachers significantly influence the implementation of the Biology curriculum in secondary schools in Taraba State. It was thus recommended among others that, adequate Biology teachers should be employed the Biology content should be monitored periodically to assess the extent to which the objectives are being achieved and the Ministry of Education monitoring unit should ensure that Biology teachers use the recommended evaluation techniques in assessing their students. Amuche, Christian Igomu | Gor, Jeremiah Aondolumun | Philip, Zhino Aboki "Evaluation of the Implementation of National Curriculum for Secondary School Biology and Academic Achievement in Taraba State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59617.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/59617/evaluation-of-the-implementation-of-national-curriculum-for-secondary-school-biology-and-academic-achievement-in-taraba-state-nigeria/amuche-christian-igomu
Designing an Innovative Assessment of HOTS in the Science Learning for the 21...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science learning in the 21st century should develop the abilities of the students to find solutions to the problems. This task requires a set of skills called Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS) and innovative assessment should be designed to gauge the acquisition of these skills. Thus, this study aimed to create an innovative HOTS-based assessment tool in
science learning. It entailed a method following the research and development model. It covered the topic of genetics and involved biology experts and junior high school students.
The result initially showed that the assessment tool has high content validity. It further revealed that the items have a high-reliability index and they loaded on components based
on the three HOTS intended for the test. Thus, this paper concludes that the HOTS-based assessment tool is a good classroom test to gauge the science learning of the students.
Effect of Contextual Teaching Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Che...YogeshIJTSRD
The study investigated the effect of contextual teaching learning approach CTLA on chemistry students’ academic retention in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. A pre test, posttest quasi experimental design was used involving a sample of 130 students drawn from six education zones in the state. The instrument known as contextual learning chemistry retention test CLCRT , validated by two experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used for data collection. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t test was used to test the null hypotheses at P 0.05. The result revealed that CTLA had significant effect on students’ academic retention in chemistry. Finding implies there is need for chemistry teachers should adopt the use of contextual teaching learning approach to improve the performance of students in chemistry. Obikezie, Maxwell Chukwunazo | Abumchukwu, Adanna A | Chikendu, Rebbeca Ebonam "Effect of Contextual Teaching-Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Chemistry in Secondary Schools in Anambra State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39864.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/39864/effect-of-contextual-teachinglearning-approach-on-students’-retention-in-chemistry-in-secondary-schools-in-anambra-state/obikezie-maxwell-chukwunazo
February 2024 - Top 10 Cited Article in International Journal of Education (IJE)ijejournal
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A Conceptual Analysis on How COVID 19 Has an Adverse Effect on Online Educati...ijtsrd
As we continue living in the 21st century there are extreme changes which are taking place in our country which has been evolved and molded in such a manner there has been quick changes which are experienced in our learning system where education institutes were closed to aide covid 19 virus disease where the government has been encouraging online education to achieve academic and to set the theoretical continuity. Most high ended public and private institutions have replaced classroom based education smoothly by using online platforms such as zoom, google meet, Microsoft team, google classroom etc. This study is based on the problems faced by students and educators as a result of online education. It studies whether online education is a boon or a bane. It highlights the good, bad, ugly faces of online education and its impact and consequences on the students. It also shows whether online education will exist in the long run in future or whether the traditional method of learning in classroom will continue or not. This is a qualitative study focused on the students in the age group of 16 to 35 years and the data will be collected through primary and secondary sources. Surabhi Chandrashekar | Amita Venkatesh "A Conceptual Analysis on How COVID-19 Has an Adverse Effect on Online Education towards College Students in the Indian Scenario" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41207.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhome-science/education/41207/a-conceptual-analysis-on-how-covid19-has-an-adverse-effect-on-online-education-towards-college-students-in-the-indian-scenario/surabhi-chandrashekar
TEACHER EDUCATORS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS PEDAGOGICAL BENEFITS OF WIKIThiyagu K
Wikis are considered to be one of the best ways of combining Information Communication Technology (ICT) with teaching and learning methodologies in a classroom, The application of blogs and wikis in higher education, particularly in teachers‘ preparation programs, has been documented very recently (Dunaway, Michelle. 2011). The majority of teachers are neither familiar, nor skilful in employing this tool in the process of learning. Exposure to this tool during pre-service and in-service preparation program is thought to be helpful in promoting willingness to use it in teaching career (Bassoppo-Moyo, 2006). Therefore, the current study is a trial to study reports on their perceptions towards the learning experiences they had during academic wikis and the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating this web technology into the curriculum. So that, the investigator proposed the title of the study is “Teacher Educators’ Perception towards the Pedagogical Benefits of Wiki in a Tirunelveli District”. The main aim of the study is to assess the perception towards the pedagogical benefits of wiki among the teacher educators of Tirunelveli district. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has chosen 150 teacher educators as a sample for the study in a random sampling technique. Finally the investigator concludes; (a) Average level perception towards pedagogical benefits of wiki among the teacher educators. (b) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of teacher educators’ perception towards pedagogical Benefits of Wiki with respect to their gender, age, subject, marital status, year of experience and educational qualification.
Fuzzy Measurement of University Students Importance Indexes by Using Analytic...IRJESJOURNAL
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process model FAHP for estimating students' importance indexes problem, where the measures of students' attitudes and responses are often uncertain or difficult to determine by using non-fuzzy model. Fuzzy set theory treats a kind of uncertainty called fuzziness. It shows that the boundary of “yes” or “no” is ambiguous and appears in the meaning of words or included in the subjunctives or recognition of human beings. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adapts FAHP to analysis students' satisfaction for the services submitted by the university to enhance learning process and circumstance environment for students, this area of researches is still out of university importance. For the purposes of the survey, questionnaires were designed for all the factors which are affecting in students' satisfaction and most probably all these factors are taken according to their suitable priority. There were five main criterions in the questionnaires. Criterion one focuses on administrative university services Si, the second criterion concentrate with teaching and learning process Ti, while the third criterion is university climate and student activities Ai, the fourth criterion covers the administrative facilities Fi, and the fifth criterion is learning facilities students Li, were asked to measure their perceived experiences with those criterions. Each criterion contains some of sub criteria. Findings: The results illustrate that the quality of teachers T1, Opportunities for recreational activities A1, fair evaluation for students T6, and remedial support A3 are the most important indexes for students. The proposed model would help decision-makers to enhancement the quality of the services and may be adding other facility to make the university more attractive. Research limitations/implications: This paper makes some assumptions such as the number of sample are taken from seven colleges only and not cover all colleges in the university and concentrated about the final levels. Originality/value: This paper introduces fuzzy theory with AHP approach to the research of university services as customers in public firms and it has reached some valuable conclusions, which has opened up a new field of study in the universities services area
Factors Affecting Higher Education Quality in Bangladesh: An Attempt to Impro...IJSB
To meet the globalization challenges raising higher education quality to the world standard is essential. Because Economic Factors, An Era of Competition, Demographic Realities, lack of infrastectural development ,Governmental Political and Legal Challenges, Religious Factors, internal conflicts among educational institutions, corruption etc affect quality of higher education in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Govt. has taken initiatives to develop the quality of tertiary education. Govt. plans to prepare university graduates in such way that they can successfully compete in the context of international knowledge society. The Government prepared a Higher Education Strategic Plan 2006-26, which was fully homegrown with participation of front-line academics from both public and private universities and representatives from think-tanks and the private sector. Accordingly, the Ministry of Education, with the assistance of the World Bank, has undertaken a Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project (HEQEP). The project aims at improving the quality of teaching-learning and research capabilities of the tertiary education institutions through encouraging both innovation and accountability and by enhancing the technical and institutional capacity of the higher education sector. he Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project (HEQEP) will comprise of the following 4 (four) components: (i) promotion of academic innovation in teaching-learning and research through an Academic Innovation Fun (AIF) allocating funds on a competitive basis to public and private universities; (ii) institutional capacity building at the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the universities; (iii) connectivity capacity building for universities and research centers through the development of the Bangladesh Research and Education Network (BdREN) ; and (iv) support to the operation of the project implementation unit. The University Grants Commission of Bangladesh is the implementing agency of the project. A HEQEP Unit has been established in UGC for implementation, management, monitoring and evaluation of the activities.
The primary goal of this research was to investigate AOU students' conceptions of the quality of online experience through the learning management system in supporting their classroom tutorials. A 32-item questionnaire was administered to a randomly selected sample (205) of Elementary Education students at the AOU Jordan Branch. On one hand, the results showed that the objectives of the courses were very clear to students, online materials on the learning management system were interesting and supported to classroom learning, students preferred online quizzes, the online materials supported key assessment tasks and tutors provided continuous access to relevant information about assessment. On the other hand, the findings revealed that the online materials and e-activities were too loaded for the students to understand thoroughly, and much of the feedback they received from the tutor was not helpful. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences among students’ views of BL or their overall satisfaction of the online experience that could be attributed to gender or academic achievement level. Results suggest some pedagogical implications for tutors and programmer coordinators.
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gen...ijtsrd
The study is an aspect of an unpublished Master thesis which employed quasi-experimental design to investigate the gender academic performance difference in chemistry among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. The study sampled 165 students and used PBIS to teach the gas laws among the sampled students. The research used Gas Law Achievement Test (GLAT) and a researcher-designed problem-based instructional material as instruments. The data obtained were analyzed using the t-test statistical analysis. Only one research question and one hypothesis guided the study. Finding reveals there was no significant difference between male and female students taught the gas laws using PBIS. The study has implications for the teaching and learning of chemistry. Popoola Rachael Adewumi | Olorundare, A. Solomon"The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gender Academic Performance Difference" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd171.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/171/the-use-of-problem-based-instruction-strategy-pbis-in-gas-laws-class-a-gender-academic-performance-difference/popoola-rachael-adewumi
Development of a Mechanism that leads to a Psychological Paradigm Shift in st...CINEC Campus
Tertiary education provides benefits to the society in terms of long term returns from basic research, applications of new technology and social cohesion
Thus, a students’ choice towards tertiary education must be made accurately to enjoy the benefits of tertiary education, including employment
AHEAD Project
The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students Eva...ijtsrd
The data of curriculum quality evaluation based on students evaluation of teaching contains learners perception of curriculum quality is helpful to provide reference for the improvement of curriculum quality. The evaluation system of curriculum quality should be built around ten evaluation dimensions, such as teaching objectives, subject frontier, case teaching, teacher literacy, classroom discussion, teaching methods, teaching courseware, information technology, teachers Q and A, curriculum ideological and political. Taking the students of school of physics and electronic information of Nanchang Normal University as the research object, and the sample size of curriculum quality evaluation is 5443, the Pearson correlation analysis is carried out on ten evaluation dimensions, and the correlation coefficient is 0.770, which indicates strong positive correlation. A regression model with ten evaluation dimensions as independent variables and curriculum satisfaction as dependent variables is established. The resolution of the model is 77.4 , which can predict curriculum satisfaction, and which has theoretical support for teachers to pay attention to the curriculum quality and improve the curriculum quality. It emphasizes that teaching department should pay attention to the effect of evaluation results on the continuous improvement of curriculum quality. It is suggested that a substantial and effective mechanism for continuous improvement should be established. Chen Rong "The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students' Evaluation of Teaching" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38156.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/38156/the-empirical-analysis-of-curriculum-quality-evaluation-based-on-students-evaluation-of-teaching/chen-rong
Politeknik Kota Kinabalu Programme Exit Survey (PES) for Diploma in Electroni...IJRES Journal
The purpose of this Programme Exit Survey (PES) was to provide data to gauge perceptions of various aspects of programmes and services offered and to identify areas where improvements may be needed in the Department of Electrical Engineering (JKE), Politeknik Kota Kinabalu (PKK). This PES was conducted on 43 final semester students, graduating from Diploma in Electronic Engineering (Communication) (DEP). They were the first Cohort whose intake was in June 2010. The survey questionnaire had five main sections: respondents’ profile; assessment of overall quality; assessment of skills and knowledge; assessment of Lecturers and Academic Advisor; and assessment of academic resources and facilities. The assessment of the overall quality, attribute for teaching and learning experience was rated 94% with “very good” and “good”. Skills and knowledge section was evaluated by relating the statements with nine items as stated in the Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO). All the PLOs’ were marked at least “adequate” by 99.8% of the students. Assessment on lecturers and academic advisor were rated 46.53% as “very good” and 49.78% as “good”. In terms of academic resources and facilities, the access to Wi-Fi had the highest unsatisfactory concerned from the respondent whereby 30.2% rated the item as “marginal”.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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Effectiveness of Online Teaching in Covid Lockdown Dental Students Viewpointijtsrd
The dreadful COVID 19 has seriously affected the education system globally. New technology of learning through online has become a substitute to solve this situation partly. The present study has been done to analyse the perceptions of dental students who pursued their course through online teaching. 76 students 61 girls, 15 boys of age 17 20 years, participated in the study. After taking informed consent, a self administered questionnaire was circulated by google forms. The results were represented graphically. Majority of the students expressed the need for a crash course revision in a traditional method. They opined that the online teaching made them difficult to understand the concepts. Many felt physically isolated and were not satisfied with the online teaching. Most of the students replied that teachers’ feedback and availability helped to clarify their doubts. Only few students agreed for a blended learning approach post COVID. It can be concluded that most of the students were inclined to the traditional classroom teaching when compared to online teaching. Dr. Ravi Sunder. R | Dr. Neelima. P | Dr. Vijayalakshmi. P "Effectiveness of Online Teaching in Covid Lockdown - Dental Students Viewpoint" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33362.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/dentistry/33362/effectiveness-of-online-teaching-in-covid-lockdown--dental-students-viewpoint/dr-ravi-sunder-r
Evaluation of the Implementation of National Curriculum for Secondary School ...ijtsrd
This study aimed at evaluating the implementation of the national curriculum for secondary school Biology in Taraba State. The evaluation model used were the Context, Input, Process, and Product CIPP and Curriculum Objective models. The population for the study was 156 Biology teachers and 15,427 Biology students. A sample of 1110 respondents which consists of Biology teachers and Biology students was drawn using a multistage random sampling technique. A structured response questionnaire which was validated by experts was used to collect data. The internal consistency of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha. The reliability estimate for BIEQT was 0.74. Three research questions and two null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 significant level. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions. One way Analysis of Variance ANOVA was used to test hypotheses. Among the major findings of the study were that Teachers' qualifications, aims, and objectives of the National Curriculum, and evaluation techniques used by Biology teachers significantly influence the implementation of the Biology curriculum in secondary schools in Taraba State. It was thus recommended among others that, adequate Biology teachers should be employed the Biology content should be monitored periodically to assess the extent to which the objectives are being achieved and the Ministry of Education monitoring unit should ensure that Biology teachers use the recommended evaluation techniques in assessing their students. Amuche, Christian Igomu | Gor, Jeremiah Aondolumun | Philip, Zhino Aboki "Evaluation of the Implementation of National Curriculum for Secondary School Biology and Academic Achievement in Taraba State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59617.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/59617/evaluation-of-the-implementation-of-national-curriculum-for-secondary-school-biology-and-academic-achievement-in-taraba-state-nigeria/amuche-christian-igomu
Designing an Innovative Assessment of HOTS in the Science Learning for the 21...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science learning in the 21st century should develop the abilities of the students to find solutions to the problems. This task requires a set of skills called Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS) and innovative assessment should be designed to gauge the acquisition of these skills. Thus, this study aimed to create an innovative HOTS-based assessment tool in
science learning. It entailed a method following the research and development model. It covered the topic of genetics and involved biology experts and junior high school students.
The result initially showed that the assessment tool has high content validity. It further revealed that the items have a high-reliability index and they loaded on components based
on the three HOTS intended for the test. Thus, this paper concludes that the HOTS-based assessment tool is a good classroom test to gauge the science learning of the students.
Effect of Contextual Teaching Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Che...YogeshIJTSRD
The study investigated the effect of contextual teaching learning approach CTLA on chemistry students’ academic retention in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. A pre test, posttest quasi experimental design was used involving a sample of 130 students drawn from six education zones in the state. The instrument known as contextual learning chemistry retention test CLCRT , validated by two experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used for data collection. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t test was used to test the null hypotheses at P 0.05. The result revealed that CTLA had significant effect on students’ academic retention in chemistry. Finding implies there is need for chemistry teachers should adopt the use of contextual teaching learning approach to improve the performance of students in chemistry. Obikezie, Maxwell Chukwunazo | Abumchukwu, Adanna A | Chikendu, Rebbeca Ebonam "Effect of Contextual Teaching-Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Chemistry in Secondary Schools in Anambra State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39864.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/39864/effect-of-contextual-teachinglearning-approach-on-students’-retention-in-chemistry-in-secondary-schools-in-anambra-state/obikezie-maxwell-chukwunazo
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A Conceptual Analysis on How COVID 19 Has an Adverse Effect on Online Educati...ijtsrd
As we continue living in the 21st century there are extreme changes which are taking place in our country which has been evolved and molded in such a manner there has been quick changes which are experienced in our learning system where education institutes were closed to aide covid 19 virus disease where the government has been encouraging online education to achieve academic and to set the theoretical continuity. Most high ended public and private institutions have replaced classroom based education smoothly by using online platforms such as zoom, google meet, Microsoft team, google classroom etc. This study is based on the problems faced by students and educators as a result of online education. It studies whether online education is a boon or a bane. It highlights the good, bad, ugly faces of online education and its impact and consequences on the students. It also shows whether online education will exist in the long run in future or whether the traditional method of learning in classroom will continue or not. This is a qualitative study focused on the students in the age group of 16 to 35 years and the data will be collected through primary and secondary sources. Surabhi Chandrashekar | Amita Venkatesh "A Conceptual Analysis on How COVID-19 Has an Adverse Effect on Online Education towards College Students in the Indian Scenario" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41207.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhome-science/education/41207/a-conceptual-analysis-on-how-covid19-has-an-adverse-effect-on-online-education-towards-college-students-in-the-indian-scenario/surabhi-chandrashekar
TEACHER EDUCATORS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS PEDAGOGICAL BENEFITS OF WIKIThiyagu K
Wikis are considered to be one of the best ways of combining Information Communication Technology (ICT) with teaching and learning methodologies in a classroom, The application of blogs and wikis in higher education, particularly in teachers‘ preparation programs, has been documented very recently (Dunaway, Michelle. 2011). The majority of teachers are neither familiar, nor skilful in employing this tool in the process of learning. Exposure to this tool during pre-service and in-service preparation program is thought to be helpful in promoting willingness to use it in teaching career (Bassoppo-Moyo, 2006). Therefore, the current study is a trial to study reports on their perceptions towards the learning experiences they had during academic wikis and the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating this web technology into the curriculum. So that, the investigator proposed the title of the study is “Teacher Educators’ Perception towards the Pedagogical Benefits of Wiki in a Tirunelveli District”. The main aim of the study is to assess the perception towards the pedagogical benefits of wiki among the teacher educators of Tirunelveli district. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has chosen 150 teacher educators as a sample for the study in a random sampling technique. Finally the investigator concludes; (a) Average level perception towards pedagogical benefits of wiki among the teacher educators. (b) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of teacher educators’ perception towards pedagogical Benefits of Wiki with respect to their gender, age, subject, marital status, year of experience and educational qualification.
Fuzzy Measurement of University Students Importance Indexes by Using Analytic...IRJESJOURNAL
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process model FAHP for estimating students' importance indexes problem, where the measures of students' attitudes and responses are often uncertain or difficult to determine by using non-fuzzy model. Fuzzy set theory treats a kind of uncertainty called fuzziness. It shows that the boundary of “yes” or “no” is ambiguous and appears in the meaning of words or included in the subjunctives or recognition of human beings. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adapts FAHP to analysis students' satisfaction for the services submitted by the university to enhance learning process and circumstance environment for students, this area of researches is still out of university importance. For the purposes of the survey, questionnaires were designed for all the factors which are affecting in students' satisfaction and most probably all these factors are taken according to their suitable priority. There were five main criterions in the questionnaires. Criterion one focuses on administrative university services Si, the second criterion concentrate with teaching and learning process Ti, while the third criterion is university climate and student activities Ai, the fourth criterion covers the administrative facilities Fi, and the fifth criterion is learning facilities students Li, were asked to measure their perceived experiences with those criterions. Each criterion contains some of sub criteria. Findings: The results illustrate that the quality of teachers T1, Opportunities for recreational activities A1, fair evaluation for students T6, and remedial support A3 are the most important indexes for students. The proposed model would help decision-makers to enhancement the quality of the services and may be adding other facility to make the university more attractive. Research limitations/implications: This paper makes some assumptions such as the number of sample are taken from seven colleges only and not cover all colleges in the university and concentrated about the final levels. Originality/value: This paper introduces fuzzy theory with AHP approach to the research of university services as customers in public firms and it has reached some valuable conclusions, which has opened up a new field of study in the universities services area
Factors Affecting Higher Education Quality in Bangladesh: An Attempt to Impro...IJSB
To meet the globalization challenges raising higher education quality to the world standard is essential. Because Economic Factors, An Era of Competition, Demographic Realities, lack of infrastectural development ,Governmental Political and Legal Challenges, Religious Factors, internal conflicts among educational institutions, corruption etc affect quality of higher education in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Govt. has taken initiatives to develop the quality of tertiary education. Govt. plans to prepare university graduates in such way that they can successfully compete in the context of international knowledge society. The Government prepared a Higher Education Strategic Plan 2006-26, which was fully homegrown with participation of front-line academics from both public and private universities and representatives from think-tanks and the private sector. Accordingly, the Ministry of Education, with the assistance of the World Bank, has undertaken a Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project (HEQEP). The project aims at improving the quality of teaching-learning and research capabilities of the tertiary education institutions through encouraging both innovation and accountability and by enhancing the technical and institutional capacity of the higher education sector. he Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project (HEQEP) will comprise of the following 4 (four) components: (i) promotion of academic innovation in teaching-learning and research through an Academic Innovation Fun (AIF) allocating funds on a competitive basis to public and private universities; (ii) institutional capacity building at the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the universities; (iii) connectivity capacity building for universities and research centers through the development of the Bangladesh Research and Education Network (BdREN) ; and (iv) support to the operation of the project implementation unit. The University Grants Commission of Bangladesh is the implementing agency of the project. A HEQEP Unit has been established in UGC for implementation, management, monitoring and evaluation of the activities.
The primary goal of this research was to investigate AOU students' conceptions of the quality of online experience through the learning management system in supporting their classroom tutorials. A 32-item questionnaire was administered to a randomly selected sample (205) of Elementary Education students at the AOU Jordan Branch. On one hand, the results showed that the objectives of the courses were very clear to students, online materials on the learning management system were interesting and supported to classroom learning, students preferred online quizzes, the online materials supported key assessment tasks and tutors provided continuous access to relevant information about assessment. On the other hand, the findings revealed that the online materials and e-activities were too loaded for the students to understand thoroughly, and much of the feedback they received from the tutor was not helpful. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences among students’ views of BL or their overall satisfaction of the online experience that could be attributed to gender or academic achievement level. Results suggest some pedagogical implications for tutors and programmer coordinators.
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gen...ijtsrd
The study is an aspect of an unpublished Master thesis which employed quasi-experimental design to investigate the gender academic performance difference in chemistry among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. The study sampled 165 students and used PBIS to teach the gas laws among the sampled students. The research used Gas Law Achievement Test (GLAT) and a researcher-designed problem-based instructional material as instruments. The data obtained were analyzed using the t-test statistical analysis. Only one research question and one hypothesis guided the study. Finding reveals there was no significant difference between male and female students taught the gas laws using PBIS. The study has implications for the teaching and learning of chemistry. Popoola Rachael Adewumi | Olorundare, A. Solomon"The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gender Academic Performance Difference" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd171.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/171/the-use-of-problem-based-instruction-strategy-pbis-in-gas-laws-class-a-gender-academic-performance-difference/popoola-rachael-adewumi
Development of a Mechanism that leads to a Psychological Paradigm Shift in st...CINEC Campus
Tertiary education provides benefits to the society in terms of long term returns from basic research, applications of new technology and social cohesion
Thus, a students’ choice towards tertiary education must be made accurately to enjoy the benefits of tertiary education, including employment
AHEAD Project
The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students Eva...ijtsrd
The data of curriculum quality evaluation based on students evaluation of teaching contains learners perception of curriculum quality is helpful to provide reference for the improvement of curriculum quality. The evaluation system of curriculum quality should be built around ten evaluation dimensions, such as teaching objectives, subject frontier, case teaching, teacher literacy, classroom discussion, teaching methods, teaching courseware, information technology, teachers Q and A, curriculum ideological and political. Taking the students of school of physics and electronic information of Nanchang Normal University as the research object, and the sample size of curriculum quality evaluation is 5443, the Pearson correlation analysis is carried out on ten evaluation dimensions, and the correlation coefficient is 0.770, which indicates strong positive correlation. A regression model with ten evaluation dimensions as independent variables and curriculum satisfaction as dependent variables is established. The resolution of the model is 77.4 , which can predict curriculum satisfaction, and which has theoretical support for teachers to pay attention to the curriculum quality and improve the curriculum quality. It emphasizes that teaching department should pay attention to the effect of evaluation results on the continuous improvement of curriculum quality. It is suggested that a substantial and effective mechanism for continuous improvement should be established. Chen Rong "The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students' Evaluation of Teaching" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38156.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/38156/the-empirical-analysis-of-curriculum-quality-evaluation-based-on-students-evaluation-of-teaching/chen-rong
Politeknik Kota Kinabalu Programme Exit Survey (PES) for Diploma in Electroni...IJRES Journal
The purpose of this Programme Exit Survey (PES) was to provide data to gauge perceptions of various aspects of programmes and services offered and to identify areas where improvements may be needed in the Department of Electrical Engineering (JKE), Politeknik Kota Kinabalu (PKK). This PES was conducted on 43 final semester students, graduating from Diploma in Electronic Engineering (Communication) (DEP). They were the first Cohort whose intake was in June 2010. The survey questionnaire had five main sections: respondents’ profile; assessment of overall quality; assessment of skills and knowledge; assessment of Lecturers and Academic Advisor; and assessment of academic resources and facilities. The assessment of the overall quality, attribute for teaching and learning experience was rated 94% with “very good” and “good”. Skills and knowledge section was evaluated by relating the statements with nine items as stated in the Programme Learning Outcomes (PLO). All the PLOs’ were marked at least “adequate” by 99.8% of the students. Assessment on lecturers and academic advisor were rated 46.53% as “very good” and 49.78% as “good”. In terms of academic resources and facilities, the access to Wi-Fi had the highest unsatisfactory concerned from the respondent whereby 30.2% rated the item as “marginal”.
Similar to Evaluating Beneficiaries’ Satisfaction on Quality Service of English Literacy Training ELT Project (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD52632 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 1 | January-February 2023 Page 89
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT
In the 20th century, English language education in
Cambodia faced several challenges. One major
challenge was the lack of trained English teachers.
According to a report published in the Journal of
Southeast Asian Education in 2005, "the absence of
qualified English teachers has been a major
impediment to the improvement of English language
education in Cambodia" (Kheang, 2005).
Another challenge was the lack of resources and
materials for English language instruction. The report
notes that "teaching materials and resources, such as
textbooks and audio-visual aids, have been scarce and
outdated" (Kheang, 2005). This lack of resources
hindered the ability of teachers to effectively teach
the English language to their students.
Furthermore, the political and social turmoil in
Cambodia during the 20th century also had a negative
impact on English language education. The Khmer
Rouge regime, which ruled Cambodia from 1975 to
1979, banned the teaching of foreign languages,
including English. This led to a significant loss of
human capital and a decrease in the number of
individuals who were proficient in English (Kheang,
2005).
Overall, the challenges faced by English language
education in Cambodia during the 20th century
included a lack of qualified teachers, a lack of
resources and materials, and the political and social
turmoil in the country.
III. RESEARCH QUESTION
Is there a positive impact of reliability, assurance,
tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness on
beneficiaries’ satisfaction?
IV. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
Overall Objective: To evaluate the service
quality of the ELT project on beneficiaries’
satisfaction at Battambang Teacher Education
College.
Specific Objective: To identify the significance
of reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and
responsiveness on beneficiaries’ satisfaction at
BTEC.
V. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H1: The reliability has no significant positive affect
on beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the ELT project.
H2: The assurance has no significant positive affect
on beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the ELT project.
H3: The tangibility has no significant positive affect
on beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the ELT project.
H4: Empathy has no significant positive affect on
beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the ELT project.
H5: The responsiveness has no significant positive
affect on beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the ELT
project.
VI. RESEARCH METHODS
The study adopted a cross-sectional research design.
This design was quantitative to allow for descriptive
and inferential analysis. Convenience sampling of
respondents was used to ensure that those
beneficiaries found at their workplaces were the ones
used for the study.
The teacher trainees/ trainers and head department at
different classes in BTEC were asked to take part in
the study. A researcher adopted the previous research
items from Parasuraman et al. (1985) to ensure
instrumental validity. Beneficiaries' satisfaction
questions were based on Van Ryzin et al (2004). The
pretest of the questionnaire was tested on 38 samples.
The reliability analysis presented that Cronbach’s
Alpha’s value was average 0.961 which above 0.7
according to Hair et al (2006), suggesting that these
criterion values are acceptable.
Studying the whole population was impossible. For
this reason, the researcher used a convenience random
sampling method. The rule of thumb was used to
determine the sample size, and the rule suggested a
sample size of 10 times the number of items in the
instrument (Roscoe 1975). Therefore, the targeted
number of respondents for this study was 220
beneficiaries. The actual number of respondents who
participated was 368. According to (Cronbach 1988)
andb (Marcoulides and Heck 1993), the larger sample
more accurately represents the characteristics of the
population from which they are derived.
VII. FINDINGS
Demographic data of respondents
In the table below, the results of respondent gender
distribution. The majority of the respondents were
females with a total of 272 (73.9%) when compared
to male who were 94 (25.5%) and 2(0.5%)
anonymous applicants who also participated in this
survey. This tells us that in general, the gap between
men and women in the Cambodian category is really
different. This result concludes that there is a
reasonable female representation of the study.
For the respondents’ age, It shows clearly that the
majority of respondents were in the age range of
between 20-25, 323 (87.8%) of the respondent, and it
was followed by 26-30 which 23 (6.3%). The next
age range was below 20 years old, range 12 (3.3%),
then followed by 31-35, 7 (1.9%). They were
followed by respondents in the 36-40 age range with
2(0.5%) and then followed by the 46-50 age range
with 1 (0.3%).
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD52632 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 1 | January-February 2023 Page 90
Table 8.1 also represents the distribution of the
respondents by educational level. The results,
according to the table below, show that the majority
of the respondents were associate degree holders with
181 (49.2%) respondents, followed by high school
degree with 166 (45.1%) respondents. Followed by
diploma degree holders with 11 (3%) respondents,
and then bachelor degree 7 (1.9%), and PhD degree 3
(0.8%). This shows that the majority of respondents
were age between 26 to 30 years old.
The table below also presented the distribution of
occupation; it also showed the position levels of
respondents. The majority of respondents were
teachers trainee/trainer 261 (70.9%), and followed by
head department 107 (29.1%). According to the table,
teacher level participated more than others in this
study.
A researcher was examined the year of study. In the
table below, the majority year of study was year II
which 156 (42.4%) of respondents. Then followed by
year IV 134 (36.4%), and last followed by the 0 year
years were 78 (21.2%). Following the findings, it
shows that the year of teachers is not yet in line with
their age, and it is very important to respond to this
modern training course because it is easy to work.
Table 8.1: Respondents' demographic table (field data, 2022)
Variables Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Sex
Male 94 25.5 25.5 25.5
Female 272 73.9 73.9 99.5
Prefer not to say 2 .5 .5 100.0
Total 368 100.0 100.0
Age
<20 12 3.3 3.3 3.3
20-25 323 87.8 87.8 91.0
26-30 23 6.3 6.3 97.3
31-35 7 1.9 1.9 99.2
36-40 2 .5 .5 99.7
46-50 1 .3 .3 100.0
Total 368 100.0 100.0
Education
High School 166 45.1 45.1 45.1
Diploma 11 3.0 3.0 48.1
Associate Degree 181 49.2 49.2 97.3
Bachelor Degree 7 1.9 1.9 99.2
PhD 3 .8 .8 100.0
Total 368 100.0 100.0
Position
Teacher trainee/Trainer 261 70.9 70.9 70.9
Head Department 107 29.1 29.1 100.0
Total 368 100.0 100.0
Teaching Experience
0 78 21.2 21.2 21.2
Year II 156 42.4 42.4 63.6
Year IV 134 36.4 36.4 100.0
Total 368 100.0 100.0
Analysis of the services of the project
This section comprises different subsections presenting the results as per the research objective. This subsection
is actually geared towards presenting the results of the evaluation of beneficiaries’ satisfaction with the quality
service of the English Program.
Descriptive statistic was put into use to access the results.
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@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD52632 | Volume – 7 | Issue – 1 | January-February 2023 Page 91
Table 8.2: Descriptive statistic on Reliability (Field data, 2022)
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
I think the teacher/trainer is reliable 368 1 5 4.03 .632
I think the teacher/trainer is genuinely interested in
solving my problem in teaching
368 1 5 3.93 .642
I think the teacher/trainer explain, clarifies, and
recommends on my role and responsibilities as good
teacher
368 1 5 4.17 .637
I think the deadline of my roles and tasks are
suitable for my needs
368 1 5 3.89 .672
I think the teacher/trainer is podcasting the
information correctly and in time
368 1 5 3.88 .686
Valid N (list-wise) 368
Table 8.2 is representative of the results obtained from reliability. There are 5 components of reliability that had
the mean standard deviation (S.D), A Likert scale of 1-5 were used with each number representing “Strongly
disagree, disagreed, fairly agree, agree, and strongly agree” in their ascending order.
The results shown in table 8.2 indicated the teacher/trainer explain, clarifies, and recommends on my role and
responsibilities as good teacher. It was the highest mean of 4.17 and S.D of 0.637, the researcher observed that
mean the respondents fairly agreed that their trainer liked going straight to the goal. I think the teacher/trainer is
reliable with a mean of 4.03 and S.D of 0.632. The researcher observed that the average response got from
trainees tended to agree with the statement above.
The statement―the teacher/trainer is genuinely interested in solving my problem in teaching with a mean of
3.93 and S.D of 0.642. The researcher, from this statistic, observed that the average response of trainees fairly
agreed with the statement. This statement is followed by the statement―the deadline of my roles and tasks are
suitable for my needs. Enforcement dictated by violations of the rules with a mean of 3.89 and S.D of 0.672. The
researchers observed that the average response of beneficiaries is in fairly agreement with the statement. The
statement ― the teacher/trainer is podcasting the information correctly and in time- had the highest mean 3.88,
and S.D of 0.686. The researcher observed the average of responses that the trainees fairly agree with the
statement.
Table 8.3: Descriptive statistic on Assurance (Field data, 2022)
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
I have a good feeling and I am impressed after
receiving the facilitating, mentoring and coaching
368 1 5 4.04 .619
I think the teacher/trainer of the program keeps
benefiting me
368 1 5 4.16 .654
I think the teacher/trainer is polite to me 368 1 5 4.11 .606
I think the teacher/trainer has the knowledge and
skills to answer my questions
368 1 5 4.17 .637
Valid N (list-wise) 368
Table 8.3 shows the descriptive stats obtained from respondents about their immediate trainer on assurance
which was analyzed using 4 items. The statement ― the teacher/trainer has the knowledge and skills to answer
my questions― had the highest mean of 4.17 and S.D 0.637. The researcher observed from the statistics that the
average of trainees agrees with this statement. This is followed by the statement― the teacher/trainer of the
program keeps benefiting me which has a mean of 4.16 and S.D 0.654. The researcher observed that the average
trainees agreed with this statement. The following statement ― the teacher/trainer is polite to me with a mean of
4.11 and S.D 0.606. From this statistic, the researcher observed the average of responses that the beneficiaries
agreed with this statement. For the last statement ― have a good feeling and I am impressed after receiving the
facilitating, mentoring and coaching with a mean of 4.04 and S.D 0.619 which presented the average of
respondents agreed with the statement.
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Table 8.4: Descriptive statistic on tangibility (Field data, 2022)
N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
I think the teacher/trainer/department officer are
diverse
368 1 5 3.73 .681
I think the teacher/trainer/department officer is
accessible
368 1 5 3.64 .705
I think the classroom is equipped with modern tools 368 1 5 3.79 .704
I think classroom is big enough 368 1 5 4.10 .675
Valid N (list-wise) 368
Table 8.4 shows the mean and S.D of responses from the beneficiaries on questions aimed at demining where
their immediate trainer’s tangibility.
The statement ― classroom is big enough - had the highest mean 4.10, and S.D of 0.675. The researcher
observed the average of responses that the beneficiaries agree with the statement. This is followed by the
statement ― the classroom is equipped with modern tools- with a mean of 3.79 and S.D 0.704. It meant that the
trainees fairly agreed with the statement. Together with another statement, in complex situations, the
teacher/trainer/department officer are diverse mean of 3.73 and S.D of 0.681. With this statistic, the researcher
observed that beneficiaries fairly agrees with the statement. Lastly, the statement ― the
teacher/trainer/department officer is accessible with mean of 3.64 and S.D of 0.705. The researcher observes the
average of responses that beneficiaries fairly agreed with the statement.
Table 8.5: Descriptive statistic on empathy (Field data, 2022)
N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
I think the opening hours/hour for teaching is
convenient for me
368 1 5 3.78 .741
I think the teacher/trainer serves/teaches equitably
without discrimination
368 1 5 4.17 .689
I think the teacher/trainer of this English program
has given importance to service to me
368 1 5 4.21 .660
I think the teacher/trainer understands my needs 368 1 5 3.88 .709
Valid N (list-wise) 368
The results shown in table 8.5 indicated the teacher/trainer of this English program has given importance to
service to me. It was the highest mean of 4.21 and S.D of 0.660, the researcher observed that mean the
respondents agreed that their trainer liked going straight to the goal and need to be accomplished. I think the
teacher/trainer serves/teaches equitably without discrimination with a mean of 4.17 and S.D of 0.689. The
researcher observed that the average response got from trainees tended to agree with the statement above.
The statement― I think the teacher/trainer understands my needs with a mean of 3.88 and S.D of 0.709. The
researcher, from this statistic, observed that the average response of trainees fairly agreed with the statement.
This statement is followed by the statement― I think the opening hours/hour for teaching is convenient for me
with a mean of 3.78 and S.D of 0.741. The researchers observed that the average response of beneficiary is in
fairly agreed with the statement.
Table 8.6: Descriptive statistic on responsiveness (Field data, 2022)
N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
I think the information channel is easily accessible 368 1 5 3.80 .660
I think the service/communication is fast 368 1 5 3.72 .692
I think the teacher/trainer is happy and willing to
facilitate, coach and mentoring me
368 2 5 4.08 .610
I think the teacher/trainer is very convenient and has a
hassle-free service process
368 2 5 3.90 .612
I think the teacher/trainer is ready to serve 368 1 5 4.04 .623
Valid N (listwise) 368
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The results shown in table 8.6 indicated the teacher/trainer is happy and willing to facilitate, coach and
mentoring me. It was the highest mean of 4.08 and S.D of 0.610, the researcher observed that mean the
respondents agreed that their trainer liked going straight to the goal and need to be accomplished. I think the
teacher/trainer is ready to serve with a mean of 4.04 and S.D of 0.623. The researcher observed that the average
response got from trainees tended to fairly agree with the statement above.
The statement― I think the teacher/trainer is very convenient and has a hassle-free service process with a mean
of 3.90 and S.D of 0.612. The researcher, from this statistic, observed that the average response of trainees fairly
agreed with the statement. This statement is followed by the statement― I think the information channel is
easily accessible with a mean of 3.80 and S.D of 0.660. The researchers observed that the average response of
beneficiaries is in fairly agreement with the statement. For the last statement ― the service/communication is
fast with a mean of 3.72 and S.D 0.692 which presented the average of respondents fairly agreed with the
statement.
Table 8.7: Descriptive statistic on Beneficiaries' Satisfaction (Field data, 2022)
Variables N Minimum Maximum Mean
Std.
Deviation
Overall, I think the service quality of the English
program is good
365 1 5 4.18 .673
Overall, I think I am satisfied with the roles and
tasks provided by this English program
366 1 5 4.16 .633
Overall, I think the support of the English program
meets my expectations
366 1 5 4.06 .655
Overall, I think the service from the English
program is worth as my expectation
368 1 5 4.12 .695
Valid N (listwise) 362
Table 8.7 describes the results of the analysis of beneficiaries' Satisfaction. Productivitywas rated well above the
average with a mean of 4.18 and S.D of 0.673, indicating average trainee rates. The service quality of the
English program is good, on the job above the average and the response of trainees are also low in variation.
Overall, I think I am satisfied with the roles and tasks provided by this English program was rated with a mean
of 4.16 and an S.D of 0.633. The researcher observed that the average beneficiaries rated productivity on the job
above average. In addition, the rate the service from the English program is worth as my expectation with a
mean of 4.12 and S.D 0.695 which the researchers observed the performance rate on the job above average, and
Overall, I think the support of the English program meets my expectations with mean 4.06 and S.D of 0.655
which the beneficiaries rate the quality work above average.
Correlation Analysis
The table below represents the results of the bivariate correlation based on Pearson’s correlation statistics.
Reliability had a significant positive correlation with overall beneficiaries satisfaction, r (368) = 0.703, p < 0.05.
The assurance has a very weak and significant positive correlation with overall beneficiaries satisfaction, r (368)
=0.609, p<0.05, The empathy has also very weak and significant positive correlation with overall beneficiaries
satisfaction, r(368)= 0. 734, P<0.05. The responsive has also positive significant and very weak correlation on
overall beneficiaries satisfaction, r (368)= 0.715, P<0.05. Hence, the tangibility has no significant on overall
beneficiaries, r(368) = 609, P<
Table 7.7 Descriptive Statistic on Correlation analysis (Field Data, 2022)
Reliability Assurance Tangibility Empathy Responsive Satisfaction
Reliability
Pearson Correlation 1 .656**
.656**
.770**
.745**
.703**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
N 368 368 368 368 368 362
Assurance
Pearson Correlation .656**
1 1.000**
.651**
.682**
.609**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 0.000 .000 .000 .000
N 368 368 368 368 368 362
Tangibility
Pearson Correlation .656**
1.000**
1 .651**
.682**
.609**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 0.000 .000 .000 .102
N 368 368 368 368 368 362
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Empathy
Pearson Correlation .770**
.651**
.651**
1 .796**
.734**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
N 368 368 368 368 368 362
Responsive
Pearson Correlation .745**
.682**
.682**
.796**
1 .715**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
N 368 368 368 368 368 362
Satisfaction
Pearson Correlation .703**
.609**
.609**
.734**
.715**
1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .000 .000
N 362 362 362 362 362 362
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Multiple Regression Analysis
This table presents the services predicts overall beneficiaries, In order to interpret this table, the researcher is
concerned with the standardized Beta coefficient which is 0.228 (given p<0.05) and this figure suggests that with
every increase of one standard deviation in reliability, beneficiaries will have their satisfaction increase by
22.8%. The assurance has a standardized Beta coefficient of 0.609 (p<0.05) which suggests that for every unit
increase in the standard deviation of assurance, beneficiaries will have their beneficiaries increase by 60.9%. The
empathy has a standardized Beta coefficient of 0.320 (p<0.05) which suggests that for every unit increase in the
standard deviation of empathy, beneficiaries will have their beneficiaries increase by 32.2%. The responsiveness
has a standardized Beta coefficient of 0.229 (p<0.05) which suggests that for every unit increase in the standard
deviation of responsiveness, beneficiaries will have their beneficiaries increase by 22.9%, and the tangibilityhas
a standardized Beta coefficient of 0.081 (p>0.05) which suggests that for every unit decrease in the standard
deviation of tangibility, beneficiaries will have their beneficiaries decrease by 8.1%.
Table 8.8: Model Coefficient and Co-linearity (Field data, 2022).
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients
t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1
(Constant) 1.191 .677 1.761 .079
Reliability .208 .052 .228 3.983 .000
Assurance .714 .049 .609 14.555 .000
Tangibility .095 .058 .081 1.642 .102
Empathy .339 .065 .320 5.214 .000
Responsive .219 .059 .229 3.695 .000
a. Dependent Variable: Satisfaction
VIII. DISCUSSION
The reliability, assurance, empathy, responsive
positively affected on beneficiaries’ satisfaction. The
researcher is strongly suggest that both CCDO and
BTEC trainers keep doing this well performance in
order to increase more beneficiaries for next
generation.
Hence, the tangibility service negative impacted on
beneficiaries’ satisfaction. The researcher concerns
the quality of services of BTEC and it is a root cause
to demotivation of teacher trainees losing interest in
learning the second language.
IX. CONCLUION AND RECOMMEDATION
According to the results, some strategies for
improving the service and beneficiaries could be
suggested. The projectteam (BTEC and CCDO)
should:
The trainers, department officers should set up a
mechanism/channel (feedback system) for
students/trainees to communicate and share their
concern or need support.
The department should design the available of
times for students to access and consult their
learning/study issues/challenges.
The classroom should install/add more study
materials to support learning/study.
The classroom should re-arrange as classroom
management model to support learning outcomes.
The classroom should re-arrange as classroom
management model to support learning outcomes.
The trainers should use the standard lectures and
apply the curriculum as standard/model.
The trainers and people who are working in the
department should be diverse.
Student Learning Club should be consider to form
in order teacher trainees can learn and raise their
concern regarding to teaching issues
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The trainers should increase the way of
communication/relationship/intimacywith teacher
trainees.
Time for English learning should be consider to
increase hours as learning foreign languages.
Deadline Assignment/Homework should be
considered the timeframe as trainee’s condition.
Podcasting information should be study the
period of sharing and in time management
In summary, according to the results obtained from
the correlation analysis, reliability, assurance,
empathy and responsiveness had a significant positive
correlation with overall beneficiaries’ satisfaction
expect the tangibility had a negative significant on
beneficiaries’ satisfaction. Overall, we can conclude
that we did a great job for improving the quality of
English training to BTEC.
Reference:
[1] Cronbach, Lee J. 1988. “Internal Consistency
of Tests: Analyses Old and New.”
Psychometrika 53 (1): 63–70.
[2] Marcoulides, George A., and Ronald H. Heck.
1993. “Organizational Culture and
Performance: Proposing and Testing a Model.”
Organization Science 4 (2): 209–25.
[3] Roscoe, John T. 1975. Fundamental Research
Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences. 2nd ed.
International Series in Decision Processes.
London, England: Thomson Learning.
[4] Kheang, U. (2005). English language education
in Cambodia: Challenges and prospects.
Journal of Southeast Asian Education, 1(1), 33-
45.