3. EUROPEAN RAILWAY NETWORK
The Trans-European rail network is made up of
the Trans-European high-speed rail network
and the Trans-European conventional rail
network.
Standards for the rail network are set by the
European Railway Agency, in the form of ERA
Technical Specifications for
Interoperability(TSI).
4.
5. EUROPEAN RAILWAY AGENCY(ERA)
The European Railway Agency (ERA) helps to build an
integrated European railway area by reinforcing rail
safety and promoting interoperability. The Agency
also acts as the system authority for the European
Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) project.
6. THE ERA TECHNICAL SPESIFICATION FOR
INTEROPERABILITY(TSI)
The ERA Technical Specification for
Interoperability (TSI) are
specifications drafted by the
European Railway Agency and
adopted in a Decision by the
European Commission.
TSI mean the specifications in order
to meet the essential
requirements and to ensure the
interoperability of the transEuropean high speed and
conventional rail systems.
7. EUROPEAN RAIL TRANSPORT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ERTMS is a harmonised
command and control
system recommended
for the European
railway network
composed of a unique
European Train Control
System (ETCS) and radio
system Global System
for Mobile
CommunicationsRailway (GSM-R).
10. GERMANY
Germany provides the
most vivid demonstration
in Europe of how the
economic benefits of
naturally navigable rivers
can be extended over a
vast territory by bold
planning and construction
of new waterways,
starting in the late 19th
century and continuing as
we enter the 21st.
11. NETHERLAND
• The Netherlands has the
densest network of inland
waterways in Europe. About
6000km of rivers and canals,
many of the latter serving
drainage as well as navigation,
form a complex system serving
all parts of the country, but with
widely varying characteristics,
from the tranquil 17th century
trekvaarten to the
extraordinarily busy
Amsterdam-Rhine Canal,
completed in 1953.
12. BELGIUM
• Belgium has a dense network of
inland waterways crossing the
country's two regions Flanders
and Wallonia from east to west
and north to south. Much of the
total length of about 1600km is
now a unified high-capacity
network thanks to the vision of
Gustave Willems, a former
minister of transport and
president of PIANC, who in the
post-WWII years conceived and
promoted vigorously the plan to
rebuild all the main routes to
European Class IV standard.
13. ROMANIA
• Romania is by far the most
important riparian state on
the Danube, extending from
km 1075 to the Black Sea.
Built between 1975 and
1984, the Danube-Black Sea
canal links the Danube
(south of the town of
Cernavoda) with the Black
Sea (at Agigea - Constanta
South) and shortens the
shipping route to Constanta
by about 400 km.…
16. • Despite an extensive road and rail network, most long
distance travel within Europe is by air. A large tourism
industry also attracts many visitors to Europe, most of
whom arrive into one of Europe's many large
international airports. Heathrow Airport, London is the
busiest airport in the world by number of international
passengers (third busiest overall). The advent of low
cost carriers in recent years has led to a large increase
in air travel within Europe. Air transportation is now
often the cheapest way of travelling between cities.
This increase in air travel has led to problems of
airspace overcrowding and environmental concerns.
The Single European Sky is one initiative aimed at
solving these problems.
17. • European Air Transport was founded 1971 in Belgium
by two pilots, Mr. Pirlot de CorbionandMr. Dessain, as
an airtaxi service. EAT started with a 2 aircraft, a Beech
craft Queen Air and a Gardan Horizon. It soon became
clear that there was a need for pilots on the Belgian
market, so EAT started a pilot training school. In 1973
EAT was the first Piper Flying Centre in Europe.
18.
19. • Among the different modes of transport, air transport has
experienced the fastest growth. However, it must
overcome the problem of its infrastructures becoming
saturated. The European Union is therefore committed to
modernising and adapting the infrastructure to increasing
passenger flows, whilstal so improving their rights and
safety. In order to do this, the Union is working to
implement the Single European Sky. More over, the
introduction of optimum traffic management
Technologies will enable the challenges related to
economic efficiency, safety and respect for the
environment to be reconciled.
20. ROAD TRANSPORT NETWORKS
• Road transport is the principal means of transport in
the European Union for both passengers and goods.
Today, the European Union has almost one vehicle for
every two residents, and road freight traffic represents
more than two thirds of the total tonnage. European
Union action focuses essentially on controlling the
multiple costs of road transport. Transport
development must comply with safety requirements as
well as environmental protection.
21. GENERAL IMPORTANCE OF THE
TRANSPORT SYSTEM
• Good transport infrastructure
and the means for smooth
operations are key issues when
aiming for stronger European
and global integration. A key
element of the reinforcement
of economic and social
cohesion in Europe is the
interconnection and
interoperability of national
networks as well as access to
these networks.
22. ROAD TRANSPORT AS ONE OF A
NUMBER OF TRAFFİC MODES
• Road transport
and sea
transport are
the oldest
modes of
transport in
existence. For
centuries, road
transport was
predominantly
local or regional
23. TRANS-EUROPEAN ROAD NETWORK
• The idea of TENs (trans-European
networks for transport, energy,
and telecommunications) emerged
by the end of the 1980s in
conjunction with the proposed
Single Market of the European
Union. ‘It made little sense to talk
of a big market, with freedom of
movement within it for goods,
persons and services, unless the
various regions and national
networks making up that market
were properly linked by modern
and efficient infrastructure.’
