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European Rotors - Contributing to the Swiss Innovation Day

Kopter Group AG outlines the features and capabilities of its hybrid helicopter design, emphasizing advancements in safety, efficiency, and operational flexibility. The document discusses the challenges and potential pathways towards fully electric helicopters, addressing battery technology and the implications for range and payload. It also highlights the benefits of hybrid propulsion systems, including enhanced performance and public acceptance.

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Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter – a Leonardo Company From the 1st Swiss Helicopter to the 1st Swiss Hybrid Helicopter Cologne November, 17th, 2021 Michele Riccobono Kopter CTO
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company The «new generation» single... FADEC turboshaft engine with outstanding hot and high performance Shrouded low noise and high safety tail rotor High tail-boom clearance Superior cargo-hold with rear access Latest generation Garmin G3000H IFR-compatible flight deck with and NVG friendly glass cockpit and touchscreen control Advanced rotor system with 5 blades in full composites for low vibration and low noise Up to 1+8 Passengers on individual crashworthy seats 6.5 m3 modular cabin with equivalent size compared to a twin-engine helicopter Crashworthy composite airframe Dual hydraulic and dual electrical systems All images for reference only Apr 2021 | Kopter Group AG | Company Presentation 2
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company …with first-in-class cabin and flexibility Apr 2021 | Kopter Group AG | Company Presentation 3 All images for reference only Comfortable rear access through clamshell doors and high tail boom Equipment, stretcher or cargo easy loading Passenger sliding doors and pilot hinge doors on both sides Unobstructed side accessibility, without structural elements between cockpit and cabin area A truly multipurpose vertical platform
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company • Are eVTOLs going to replace helicopters? Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 4 • Can we develop a fully electric helicopter? The two questions behind the Kopter Roadmap
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 5 Can we develop a fully electric helicopter? Cell energy density evolution scenarios Lithium-sulfur batteries commercialize, offering gravimetric cell energy density of up to ~2,510 Wh/kg, pushing base case CAGR levels by 2.5% Targets from Innolith are met with prior cell density growth rates of 7% CAGR (2020-2025) and their batteries are commercialized at scale Traditional Lithium-ion batteries continue to progress up to 350 Wh/kg and solid- state batteries are scaled - Best case - Base case Even after density develops sufficiently, there will be a 5+ year delay for wider adoption (certification, production timeline, adaption for aviation usage) Good confidence, current investment focus mainly driven by automotive industry Low confidence, enabling technologies still in early stage and any investments for industrialization could probably not be driven by automotive industry Note: LHS: Assumes that targets from Tesla, QuantumScape, Innolith etc. will be met and that solid state batteries commercialize; RHS: Assumes all else equal; 1) Next to battery cell density, battery degradation improvement critical is to secure sufficient energy capture; Source: Expert interviews Battery cells energy density is the main hurdle to achieve full electric flight 2030+ evolution remains uncertain due to lower automotive investment appetite Battery Evolution Scenarios
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 6 Trade-off between Range and Payload generates different operating scenarios Operational Scenarios Long Light Single Helicopter* Range & Payload: Full Electric vs Turbine Increase in Battery capacity (both Energy & Power) Take Off Power Limit Key Evidences Payload reduction in favour of Battery Capacity allows to increase flight Range Power needed to take off requires a minimum battery size to allow the Helicopter to take-off Despite battery density expected growth, Full Electric Helicopter does not guarantee the same Payload and Range as of a Turbine HC Balance between Range and Payload set new potential operating scenarios once battery technology to reach maturity in 2040+ Today Range Note: (*) considering a conventional Architecture; Main Assumptions: Fixed MTOW, Turbine efficiency ~25%, cell-to-module ratio 1,1, volumes analysis not considered Details in the next slides Details in next slides Lower Range Lower Payload Higher Payload Today nominal performance Higher Range Range: 100% Payload: 40% Range: 50% Payload: ~130% Electric vs. Turbine Helicopter
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 7 The Hybrid Helicopter Why add electric propulsion? • New operational scenarios (e.g., congested hostile areas) • Mitigate operational risks • Simplify training procedures • Improve public acceptance • Higher efficiency propulsion  lower operating cost • Lower CO2 output  environmental benefits
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 8 Additional safety Extra power during critical operations The Roadmap: from Hybrid for Safety to Hybrid for Performance Single Engine Hybrid
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 9 Use Case Scenarios Engine Failure inside the H-V Curve 1. Engine failure immediately counteracted by the electrical propulsion system Single Hybrid 100 4. Energy reserve for a safe, controlled landing. 2. Continuous safe flight out of the avoid zone State of Charge 3. Descent – reduced electric power consumption
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 10 Hybrid Mission Enhancement Power, Endurance and Weight: The trade-off Depending on required capabilities and available battery capacity a trade-off is possible between power available, battery weight and endurance Single engine with twin engine capability and safety Endurance
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 11 Hybrid versus current Rotorcraft Categories Safety benefits Installed Elec Power Battery Weight Benefit in the event of engine IFSD Low Low Autorotation Support Medium Low to Medium «Cat-A like» procedures High Medium to High «Uneventful» emergency handling Training benefits Installed Elec Power Battery Weight Benefit in the event of engine IFSD Low Low Risk reduction in Autorotation training Medium Low to Medium No need for full autorotation landing training High Medium to High No need for specific Engine Failure training
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 12 A Class of its Own Finding a Path Toward Extended Operating Capabilities Single Turbine Performance Class 3 Upon engine failure at any time during the flight, a forced landing will be required Certified in Category B The Hybrid architecture may offer at low altitude a safety level superior to Category A rotorcrafts. Perfo Class Engine Failure Before TDP After TDP 1 2 3 “H” Rejected Take-Off + “AEO” Obstacle Clearance & Safe Landing Forced Landing OEI Obstacle Clearance Rejected Take-Off TDP TDP: Take-off Decision Point
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG I Title Feb 2021 I 13 Hybrid versus current Rotorcraft Categories Extension of the Safety Continuum PERFORMANCE CLASS 3 Non-hostile environments Non-congested hostile environments without a safe forced landing capability under specific approval Take-off and landing phases to/from an aerodrome or operating site located outside a congested hostile environment without an assured safe forced landing capability PERFORMANCE CLASS 2 Operations without an assured safe forced landing capability during the take-off and landing phases only with approval by the competent authority PROPOSED PERFORMANCE CLASS “H” - additional operations: • Take-off and landing to/from an operating site (HEMS included) in hostile environment • Flights over congested areas within “electric flight” distance of a safe landing capability
Kopter Group AG makes no representation or warranty as to the completeness of this information and shall not be held liable for any representations (expressed or implied) regarding information contained in this document or any other written or oral communications. Kopter – a Leonardo Company Kopter Group AG Binzstrasse 31 8620 Wetzikon Switzerland Registered Office Flugplatzareal 10 8753 Mollis Switzerland E contact@koptergroup.com T +41 44 552 33 33 koptergroup.com Kopter – a Leonardo Company