This document summarizes George Bye's presentation on hybrid/electric propulsion systems for general aviation aircraft. Bye has over 20 years of experience in aviation and is the CEO of an energy technology company. He discusses the benefits of electric propulsion systems, including improved efficiency and reduced fuel costs and emissions. The technology overview outlines improvements in battery, motor, and charging technologies that are bringing electric propulsion within reach for small aircraft under 250 horsepower. Bye's company is developing a hybrid electric propulsion system for certification and aims to have an all-electric certified aircraft within 5 years. Adoption of these technologies could significantly reduce operating costs for aircraft owners and training schools.

1. Hybrid/Electric Propulsion SystemsGeorge Bye, CEO – Bye EnergyJuly 30, 2009

2. About the PresenterGeorge Bye20+ years experience as an aerospace entrepreneur, manager and executive

3. Aviation Technology Group, Designed the Javelin

4. ATP rating, >4,000 hours (USAF T-38, C-141B)2

5. Integrator of alternative energy and renewable fuel technologies for business and general aviation3

6. Why Hybrid/Electric Propulsion for GA?Alternative Energy Propulsion SystemsNEED FOR OPS EFFICIENCYThreat: High Ops Cost Potentially Limits UtilityVOLATILE FUEL COSTSThreat: Unpredictable Cost Limits Planning EffectivenessINTERNATIONAL PETRO SUPPLYThreat: Aviation Fuel Potentially Limited/CostlyENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNSThreat: Noise, CO2 PollutionFUTURE FOR GAThreat: Loss of Flexibility; Efficiency; Security4

7. Tremendous Technological ImprovementsBattery / Electric Hybrid technologies

8. Lithium-ion advancements

9. Electric motor efficiencies

10. Growing market acceptance5

11. Technology OverviewContinual advancements in lithium-ion battery, ultracapacitor & electric motor performance Higher Power

12. Lighter Weight

13. Improved Safety

14. Faster Charging

15. Greater Efficiency

16. Longer Cycle Life

17. Less Heat

18. Lower CostEnergy storage technology nearly within reach of meeting light aircraft (less than 250 hp) requirements 6

19. Electric Propulsion Program (EPP)Develop, certify and market an electric propulsion system alternative to the internal combustion engine for the general aviation aircraft marketCleanQuietCleanQuietMany BenefitsEfficient Efficient SafeSafeLess ComplexLess ComplexEconomicalEconomical7Proprietary & Confidential7