This document discusses project management strategies for cloud computing projects. It begins by defining cloud computing and its various models like IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. It then discusses common causes of failure for cloud projects, such as undefined success criteria, unquantified advantages, lack of accountability, and failure to manage applications and costs. The document recommends addressing these risks through effective scoping, change management, and an agile project methodology. Defining strategies, requirements, and risks upfront can help boost success rates for cloud computing projects.
What are the advantages of adopting public cloudNicole Khoo
Public cloud computing brought a fundamental change from the conventional norms of an organizational data center to a parameterized open environment to use by adversaries.
What are the advantages of adopting public cloudNicole Khoo
Public cloud computing brought a fundamental change from the conventional norms of an organizational data center to a parameterized open environment to use by adversaries.
AGILE CLOUD: MANAGING THE EMPOWERED USERdinCloud Inc.
As important as the back end technologies of virtual data center operations, application virtualization
and orchestration may be, a substantial portion of cloud’s ‘magic’ is its ability to provide new forms of
support to line-of-business staff, providing advanced automation options for functions that were
previously poorly automated or entirely manual.
Although cloud is widely recognized as a technology
game changer, its potential for driving business innovation remains virtually untapped.
Indeed, cloud has the power to fundamentally shift competitive landscapes by providing a
new platform for creating and delivering business value. To take advantage of cloud’s
potential to transform internal operations, customer relationships and industry value
chains, organizations need to determine how best to employ cloud-enabled business
models that promote sustainable competitive advantage.
Symantec Disaster Recovery Orchestrator: One Click Disaster Recovery to the C...Symantec
The cloud appeals to businesses for multiple reasons as it addresses many of their long standing IT issues. Whether its lowered costs, faster deployments or just less internal red tape to deal with, businesses are finding the ease and ubiquity of the cloud tempting. One of the newer use cases topping many priority lists is leveraging the cloud for disaster recovery. One benefit of DR to the cloud is the cost savings gained because there is no longer a need to build or rent a secondary data center. Symantec Disaster Recovery Orchestrator gives businesses the flexibility to affordably and easily initiate disaster recoveries of their Microsoft Windows applications to and from the cloud.
Cloud computing is a better way to run your business. Instead of developing, maintaining and running your content management applications yourself, you access everything you need through the web. You just log in, customize it, and start using it. That’s the power of cloud computing.
What cloud computing means for the future of HR Tamsin Green
Cloud computing has swiftly and seamlessly changed the way modern businesses function, but what do new developments in cloud software mean for HR departments and the personnel they manage?
Traditional outsourcing lacks the flexibility and agility today’s organizations require to obtain data-driven business intelligence that provides a clear, comprehensive view of their operations. Cloudsourcing is a newer, more nimble model that has emerged to fill the gap. This whitepaper, authored by industry-leading experts at OneSource Virtual, explores opportunities available through cloudsourcing and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Tech Mahindra ' s Managed Platform for Adaptive Cloud (mPAC) Tech Mahindra
This Technology Spotlight discusses the management capabilities enterprises will need to optimize the cost and performance of hybrid, multicloud environments in the era of DevOps and digital transformation.
For the past few years, the evolution of cloud computing has been potentially becoming one of the major advances in the history of computing. But is cloud computing the saviour of business? Does it signal the demise of the corporate IT functionality entirely? However, if cloud computing has to achieve its potential, there is a need to have a clear understanding of various issues involved, both from the perspectives of the providers and the consumers related to the technology, management and business aspects. Objective of this research is to explore the strategic business, management and technical challenges existing in cloud
systems. It is believed that adopting a methodology and suggesting a corresponding architectural framework would serve as a potential comprehensive conceptual tool, which shows path for mitigating challenges and hence effort are put in bringing in by mentioning a suitable methodology and its brief description. It concludes that International Business Machine Common Cloud Management Platform is one
way to realize the combined features of various models such as Hub & Spoke Model as a quality of Governance model; Gen-Spec Research Methodology design for semantic and quality research studies into one in the form of Reference Architecture. However in order to realize the full potential of the Customer- Respond-Adapt-Sense-Provider (conceptual) methodology for dealing with semantics, it is important to
consider Internet of Things Architecture Reference Model where in the resources are translated into Services.
Achieve Economic Synergies by Managing Your Enterprise Assets In The CloudDr. HJ Raza, Ph.D/MBA
Time to market and rapid response to market demands are now utmost priorities for any size organization. When compared to conventional internal infrastructure, Cloud-based solutions meet this requirement better than ever. Cloud-based solutions are easy to implement, more cost efficient, and robust enough to meet enterprise demands such as auto-scalability, disaster recovery, and fail-over.
AGILE CLOUD: MANAGING THE EMPOWERED USERdinCloud Inc.
As important as the back end technologies of virtual data center operations, application virtualization
and orchestration may be, a substantial portion of cloud’s ‘magic’ is its ability to provide new forms of
support to line-of-business staff, providing advanced automation options for functions that were
previously poorly automated or entirely manual.
Although cloud is widely recognized as a technology
game changer, its potential for driving business innovation remains virtually untapped.
Indeed, cloud has the power to fundamentally shift competitive landscapes by providing a
new platform for creating and delivering business value. To take advantage of cloud’s
potential to transform internal operations, customer relationships and industry value
chains, organizations need to determine how best to employ cloud-enabled business
models that promote sustainable competitive advantage.
Symantec Disaster Recovery Orchestrator: One Click Disaster Recovery to the C...Symantec
The cloud appeals to businesses for multiple reasons as it addresses many of their long standing IT issues. Whether its lowered costs, faster deployments or just less internal red tape to deal with, businesses are finding the ease and ubiquity of the cloud tempting. One of the newer use cases topping many priority lists is leveraging the cloud for disaster recovery. One benefit of DR to the cloud is the cost savings gained because there is no longer a need to build or rent a secondary data center. Symantec Disaster Recovery Orchestrator gives businesses the flexibility to affordably and easily initiate disaster recoveries of their Microsoft Windows applications to and from the cloud.
Cloud computing is a better way to run your business. Instead of developing, maintaining and running your content management applications yourself, you access everything you need through the web. You just log in, customize it, and start using it. That’s the power of cloud computing.
What cloud computing means for the future of HR Tamsin Green
Cloud computing has swiftly and seamlessly changed the way modern businesses function, but what do new developments in cloud software mean for HR departments and the personnel they manage?
Traditional outsourcing lacks the flexibility and agility today’s organizations require to obtain data-driven business intelligence that provides a clear, comprehensive view of their operations. Cloudsourcing is a newer, more nimble model that has emerged to fill the gap. This whitepaper, authored by industry-leading experts at OneSource Virtual, explores opportunities available through cloudsourcing and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Tech Mahindra ' s Managed Platform for Adaptive Cloud (mPAC) Tech Mahindra
This Technology Spotlight discusses the management capabilities enterprises will need to optimize the cost and performance of hybrid, multicloud environments in the era of DevOps and digital transformation.
For the past few years, the evolution of cloud computing has been potentially becoming one of the major advances in the history of computing. But is cloud computing the saviour of business? Does it signal the demise of the corporate IT functionality entirely? However, if cloud computing has to achieve its potential, there is a need to have a clear understanding of various issues involved, both from the perspectives of the providers and the consumers related to the technology, management and business aspects. Objective of this research is to explore the strategic business, management and technical challenges existing in cloud
systems. It is believed that adopting a methodology and suggesting a corresponding architectural framework would serve as a potential comprehensive conceptual tool, which shows path for mitigating challenges and hence effort are put in bringing in by mentioning a suitable methodology and its brief description. It concludes that International Business Machine Common Cloud Management Platform is one
way to realize the combined features of various models such as Hub & Spoke Model as a quality of Governance model; Gen-Spec Research Methodology design for semantic and quality research studies into one in the form of Reference Architecture. However in order to realize the full potential of the Customer- Respond-Adapt-Sense-Provider (conceptual) methodology for dealing with semantics, it is important to
consider Internet of Things Architecture Reference Model where in the resources are translated into Services.
Achieve Economic Synergies by Managing Your Enterprise Assets In The CloudDr. HJ Raza, Ph.D/MBA
Time to market and rapid response to market demands are now utmost priorities for any size organization. When compared to conventional internal infrastructure, Cloud-based solutions meet this requirement better than ever. Cloud-based solutions are easy to implement, more cost efficient, and robust enough to meet enterprise demands such as auto-scalability, disaster recovery, and fail-over.
Cloud Migration Key Points to Consider.pdfniahiggins21
Deciding to migrate your business the cloud drastically alters how you conduct business operations. This major move requires careful strategic planning and consideration. While potential benefits exist, wrong decisions bring unwanted costs. Cloud migration impacts economics, operations, security, and more.
Having answers to these strategic questions allows informed planning to fully leverage cloud promise while managing very real challenges. Deciding requires thoughtful deliberation as this is no minor choice. In this guide, we are going to discuss the key elements that are crucial for a successful cloud migration.
It’s important to establish and measure parameters for return on investment (ROI) on Cloud Computing initiatives. By analyzing the advantages of Cloud Computing since the beginning, IT personnel can show potential returns to the top executives and encourage them to get their buy-in towards cloud programs. For more info visit here http://www.intelligentia.co.in/services-cloud-computing/.
A model demonstrating why SaaS is the best option for banks when accessing technology. Credit Risk systems are key interface points for bankers and an ideal case study. Banks have long ago realised owning property is not a good use of capital, and the logic is more compelling for a fast depreciating asset like software.
Cloud ROI and Implementation - A TechBlocks Solutions GuideTechBlocks
Realize your business potential in the cloud. This guide includes:
- How to improve business productivity in the cloud
- How to measure cloud ROI
- A step-by-step process for building your roadmap for success
1. Putting together a qualified team
2. Creating a written business case and strategy
3. Picking the right deployment and service model
4. Creating governance rules
5. Overcoming compliance and security issues
6. Integrating, validating and managing the cloud
7. Moving forward into the cloud - long term management
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MODAClouds - Underpinning the Leap to DevOps Movement on Clouds scenariosOliver Barreto Rodríguez
MODAClouds - Underpinning the Leap to DevOps Movement on Clouds scenarios is a white paper made with the intention to provide insights of MODAClouds project and easily identify valueble usage by cloud players
Techaisle SMB Cloud Computing Adoption Market Research Report DetailsTechaisle
Techaisle's SMB Cloud Computing Adoption survey in US and Germany provide a detailed outline of what is needed by SMBs as we move through a period of intense growth spurred by the combination of increasing cloud penetration and increasing cloud workload density. Techaisle provides readers with the fact-based insight needed to take share-building action on these issues in this 360° on Cloud in the SMB market report. Its seven major sections are aligned with our clients’ key information requirements:
• Why is cloud being used by U.S. SMBs?
• Who is driving cloud adoption?
• What is in use
• Where is cloud being deployed?
• When will cloud usage patterns change – and how?
• Managing cloud security: roles and responsibilities
• Assessing success: key cloud solution elements
Report is delivered in PowerPoint format. Clients may also have access to Techaisle analysts, who can provide additional context for these findings and their implications for your firm. To inquire further contact inquiry@techaisle.com or visit www.techaisle.com
Understanding The Cloud For Enterprise Businesses. Triaxil
Cloud is getting lots of attention these days. Cloud is a transformational platform that can support the opportunities of today’s digital business being shaped and driven by mobile, social, IoT (Internet of Things), Big Data and other forces. Cloud Computing not only is a powerful agent of change, but it also can accelerate transformation.
The benefits are big. “Cloud computing is a disruptive phenomenon, with the potential to make IT organizations more responsive than ever,” says research firm Gartner. “Cloud computing promises economic advantages, speed, agility, flexibility,infinite elasticity an dinnovation.” As a result, more and more enterprises are moving to the cloud. According to Gartner, 78 percent of enterprises are planning to increase their investment in cloud through 2017.
Understanding The Cloud For Enterprise Businesses, an eBook from Triaxil!Ezhilarasan Natarajan
Cloud is getting lots of attention these days. Cloud is a transformational platform that can support the opportunities of today’s digital business being shaped and driven by mobile, social, IoT (Internet of Things), Big Data and other forces. Cloud Computing not only is a powerful agent of change, but it also can accelerate transformation.
The benefits are big. “Cloud computing is a disruptive phenomenon, with the
potential to make IT organizations more responsive than ever,” says research firm Gartner. “Cloud computing promises economic advantages, speed, agility,
flexibility,infinite elasticity and innovation.” As a result, more and more enterprises are moving to the cloud. According to Gartner, 78 percent of enterprises are planning to increase their investment in cloud through 2017.
Interested further?
As banks adapt to market changes and new technology landscapes, cloud computing is playing a major role, providing alternative ways to access to core banking technology.
Cloud Computing Applications and Benefits for Small Businesses .docxclarebernice
Cloud Computing: Applications and Benefits for Small Businesses
Abstract
Cloud computing is one of the most talked about topics in the world of technology and entrepreneurship. Until now it has never been so easy for people, especially small business owner’s, to have the tools and resources readily available just one click away and at the fraction of the cost of the typical investment a few years back. Cloud computing offers cost-effective solutions at various levels that can be customize to meet the needs of anyone. Cloud computing can be thought of as a new found technology and this paper defines the concept of the cloud and provides a brief background of where most business are in regards to the use of this technology. This is then continued by describing the types of cloud currently available and potential use. The paper then presents a short but important section of cloud security issues and challenges. Finally, the paper discusses the benefits each of the different levels of cloud computing can provide small business.
Introduction
The use of cloud computing has grown exponentially in the last decade, according to Weins (2015) eight-four percent of enterprises that make use of such services in one way or another. Could computing by definition is internet-based computing, where by shared resources, software and information are provided to the end user as metered services much like a utility does(Bradley, 2014). For businesses in many cases could computing is use for IT solution purposes as it can provide IT-related capabilities as a service using internet technologies.
With the fast pace of today’s market businesses need to provide fast and reliable services to their customers in order to remain competitive. The concept of could computing is not something new as it uses existing technology and processes; however it can be consider new in sense that using these technologies has revolutionized the manner in which we host and cater services to customers. Startup companies and small businesses can take advantage of could computing to reduce spending on IT, be more adept to changes in the market, change scale and lower risk and cost.
Given the structural complexity of larger organization, Alijani (2014) states that it is essential for cloud computing to deliver rear value rather than serve as a platform for simple task. The need to deliver rear value is just as important for small businesses. For small businesses value is important but it’s their customer relationship and public image, flexibility and continuity. As such small business owners need to consider the benefits, drawback s and the effect of cloud computing on their organization before taking the decision to implement.
Types of cloud computing
There are three categories or levels cloud computing, this are: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Infrastructure as a Service (I ...
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
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Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Building Your Employer Brand with Social MediaLuanWise
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
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Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
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• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
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4. 1. Abstract
As new computing paradigm evolves in Information Technology, there is a necessity for the
methodologies and practices related to IT to also evolve.
The important aspect of Information Technology is the use of technology to enable business. Project
Management assists in managing the implementation of technology infrastructure for the enterprise
as projects by delivering business requirements in incremental steps, instead of a Big Bang
Approach.
Cloud Computing is evolved from the basic need for organizations to integrate and enable alignment
to changing business needs faster and seamlessly. It also provides the cost advantage by providing
infrastructure (IAAS), platform (PAAS) or software (SAAS) as a service. The availability of pervasive,
elastic, virtualized service with flexible costing, also possess a challenge for organizations to be able
manage change, resulting in increased risk of project failure due to delays, lower quality, increased
cost etc. There is increased Gold Plating challenge as Service providers sell add on services to
increase profits, or when project team delivers value beyond specified scope due to easy service
availability, without considering the challenges of integration, security and policies.
In addition to the fundamental project management principles, the new strategy for project
management for Cloud Computing will involve effective management of
Scoping and change management
Risks management
Cost management
Quality of Service for availability and reliability
In this paper, we focus on the various aspects of project management to mitigate risk of project failure
in a cloud computing paradigm through effective scoping, change and risk management.
2. Introduction
Projects often do not behave as expected; this is often the case with large complex projects. The
unexpectedness and the difficulties associated of the project increases while adopting new
technologies.
Although cloud computing is only a different way to distribute and consume computer resources, it is
still a new paradigm. There is a fundamental change in architecture, software, development
methodologies, and the way we store and consume information and more importantly project
management. The traditional project lifecycles will not be sufficient to ensure success of Cloud
computing projects. New skills need to be acquired by not only the project team but also the project
manager. There is a need to identify the early warnings more precisely. To manage the problems, we
need to first understand the problem areas.
4 Page
5. This paper will not discuss in depth about Cloud Computing concepts, but scan through the concepts
of cloud to identify the areas to watch out for early signs of failure. An in-depth analysis of the causes
of failure of the cloud computing projects reveals the possible solution to the issue. As project
managers it is important to address these solutions in the planning of the project.
3. What is Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing is a Network-based computing solution that delivers IT as a Service. The computers
in the cloud collaborate to collectively deliver computing resources. The allocation of the computing
resources is flexible and allocated based On-Demand. To organizations this paradigm shift helps in
reduced cost by reducing both capital expense and operational expenses. It allows to free valuable
personnel resources to focus on delivering value and at the same time is scalable to meet increasing
demands of a growing organization.
There are various layers in a cloud, but the three most important layers are IaaS, PaaS and SaaS.
Other layers include BPaaS (Business Process as a Service), CaaS (Communications as a Service)
etc.
Infrastructure Layer is the foundation, and consists of physical assets such as servers,
storage etc. In Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), the control of the operating system, storage
and applications deployed is with the Organization.
Platform Layer provides access to the operating system and associated services. Platform as
a Service (PaaS) provides the organization the control on the applications that are deployed,
and to some degree the configurations of the hosting environment.
Application Layer most often referred as Software as a Service (SaaS) has applications that
are provided to users on demand. Organizations do not have any control on the hosting
environment.
There are different types of Cloud. A broad categorization includes Private Cloud, Public Cloud and
Hybrid Cloud.
Public Cloud: Resources are dynamically provisioned over Internet based applications, using
one or more data centers, shared among multiple customers with varying degrees of data
privacy and minimal organizational control on changes to applications.
Private Cloud: The computing architectures are similar to that of the Public Cloud, but the
services are delivered over the internet. The virtualization of computing resources helps
organizations make optimal use of the computing resources without the risk on compromising
the data privacy.
Hybrid Cloud: The combination of Public and Private Cloud to enable organizations have
larger control of the privacy and security aspects, while allowing access to scalable
computing resources of the public cloud that can be accessed On-Demand.
The advantages of adopting the cloud computing solutions are varied. The few advantages that are
easily recognized by organizations are
5 Page
6. Flexible Pricing Model: Free, Subscription model, Pay per use, Enterprise Unlimited etc.
Reduced IT spending: Capital expenses and Operational expenses Costs are reduced
Greater Flexibility, incredible scalability and Faster Implementations.
On Demand Service
Elimination of unnecessary hardware, more remote management
Leverage Technology Evolution
Common Causes of Failure in Cloud Computing Projects
90% of projects do not meet time/cost/quality targets. Only 9% of large, 16% of medium and 28% of
small company projects were completed on time, within budget and delivered measurable business
and stakeholder benefits (Nicoletti, 2012). There are many reasons for such failures.
Some of the common causes for project failures are:
Failure to define “Success”
Failure to quantify the expected advantages
Failure to hold yourself accountable
Failure to understand the Supply Chain
Failure to manage and monitor applications
Failure to understand the financial realities
No complete understanding of the requirements up front
Jumping too quickly into technology
Failure to understand the Legacy Data model and Flow
Unskilled Resources
Non Aligned Business and IT
A broad analysis of the causes shows that the issues are primarily related to Scope, Change, Risk
and Cost. A look at each of the causes in detail will reveal the solution to the problem.
Failure to define “Success”
Like traditional projects, cloud computing projects also require to be part of an enterprise wide
Strategy. Cloud Computing is not a solution to all the problems of an organization. Therefore it is
important to set a list of realistic expectations to be achieved as part of the Cloud Computing Shift.
For most organizations, the list is not known upfront. Cloud Implementations are generally adopted
with short term focus and in the long term these project fail to meet the high expectations of the
business users.
The solution to this concern is to establish a strategy and define a roadmap. If there is no strategies
established then start with a pilot and use the experience to define the strategy and create a roadmap
for the Cloud implementations.
6 Page
7. Failure to quantify the expected advantages
The stakeholders must be fully educated about the advantages and disadvantages of the Cloud.
Being aware of only the short term benefits gives the business users high expectations and failure to
meet the expectations can result in projects to be doomed failure.
It is also necessary to quantify the cost advantages, as a pay as you use model may not always be a
cost benefit in terms of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). The pay as you use model provides cost
benefit when there is a need for faster and flexible scalability. The various factors influencing the TCO
of Cloud Computing include:
Not choosing a proper deployment model based on the needs of the applications
Planning for disasters, outage, failover, redundancy etc., as these can cause adverse effects
to business.
Long Term Use of Computing Resources (CAPEX+OPEX).
Planning for Migration strategies (Between Vendors or even between Public to Private
Clouds)
Failure to hold yourself accountable
The common misconception about cloud is that all the risk is with the Cloud Vendor. It is easy to
transfer the risk, but the organization itself is ultimately accountable for its reputation. Penalties
cannot pay for reputation; it can only pay for losses. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the
project team scrutinizes all security and availability aspects and create strategies and governance
processes.
The following issues need to be addressed as part of Cloud Implementations
Governance Processes
SLA for various services provided with penalty clauses
Availability / Up Time SLA
Plans for Failover, Redundancy, Backup and Disaster Recovery.
Failure to manage and monitor applications
Another common mistake made by organizations migrating to the cloud is to believe that the
management and performance problems will not exist. The project team needs to understand that the
responsibility of ensuring the availability and meeting the performance requirements of the
applications is their responsibility. With the adoption of cloud this responsibility diminishes
considerably, but does not vanish.
A successful project needs to incorporate these aspects into the planning of the project, time and
effort needs to be invested to ensure that these criteria are met. Failure to address this concern
upfront will result in unsatisfied users and finally a failed project.
Failure to understand the financial realities
One of the primary reasons for an organization adopts cloud is the cost advantage. But the financial
aspect depends on the type of service consumed, who pays, how the payment is made.
7 Page
8. It is critical for the project team to do a financial analysis on the TCO to identify the actual cost vs. the
perceived cost benefit.
Most of the projects today are never completed within Budget. This becomes even more true to Cloud
Projects as features is available as Service, and the stakeholders and project team can be prompted
to utilize a service due to its lower initial acquisition cost. It is therefore very important to continuously
monitor scope creep and have effective change control measures.
No complete understanding of the requirements
When projects are initiated without a complete understanding of the requirements, the chances of
failure are high. In a hurry to adopt cloud, and to reduce cost the project team tends to move quickly
to implementation without a roadmap to guide the implementations. As discussed earlier, it is
important to have a roadmap. But at the same time it is important for the project team to realize that
the organizational dynamics change over a period of time.
With Cloud, it will not be beneficial to attempt long term projects. Instead, the Project management
strategy should be agile in nature. This methodology provides the project team many opportunities to
assess the project and respond to change requests faster. Also, agile methodology provides the
project team to incrementally deliver value. The methodology allows for well-defined set of changes
and added features to be addressed in sequential phases. This helps reduce development cost and
time to market (TTM) and users’ needs are addressed quickly. Scope Creep and Gold Plating is
controlled as new requirements or change requests are address in successive iterations and after
complete analysis of the requirements. Also the iterative approach enables the project team and other
stakeholders to associate a perceived cost (if not an actual cost) to the requirements. The iterative
approach also enables the committed features to be delivered timely, thus reducing the cost
escalations.
Jumping too quickly into technology
Deciding the technology before having a finite idea of the requirements can prove to be deadly in
cloud projects. The few problems are outlined below
Since cloud is a service based implementation, it would be costly to change vendors half way
through the implementations
Migrating applications will be difficult as there is little or no standardization between different
implementations and vendors.
A semi Optimal Solution will hinder the organization goals and also the long term strategy as
users will be reluctant to adopt any further implementations.
Thus it is important to scrutinize the organizational objectives and roadmap, and understand the user
requirements before the technology selection is initiated. The technology selection should also be
based on the security, availability, architecture and long term performance considerations.
Failure to understand the Legacy Data model and Flow
In most Organizations the cloud migration team is separate from the project team that is involved in
development and maintenance of the existing applications. The reasons for this are primarily:
The need for a different resource skill set to accomplish cloud projects
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9. The need for organizations to keep the business running while adapting to the cloud
Only sections of the applications are migrated depending on the compliance requirements of
the applications
The above reasons mandate that the current applications and the data model are well understood by
the Cloud migration team, as it is necessary to integrate the applications. Also, cloud is a new
paradigm. It is necessary to make the applications lean by eliminating the unwanted processes. Re-
engineering eliminates waste and conserves resources. It is possible to digitize the processes by
making best use of the available technologies. This also helps in adopting the iterative methodology
to provide continuous improvement.
If the cloud migration team fails to understand the legacy data model and flow, the users will not get
the functionality that is intended and the migration to cloud is bound to fail.
Unskilled Resources
Cloud computing resources are required to possess a different technical capability and skills for
integrating the On-Premise applications and the Cloud based applications. As cloud is a relatively
new technological paradigm there is scarcity of skilled resources. The risk of project failure becomes
drastically high with the lack of required skill set. The mitigation plans to address this risk is:
Providing the right amount of training to the resources involved.
Leveraging consultants and outside experts to address the technology challenges.
This would increase the overall cost of cloud implementations, but would be much less than a failure.
The important activity is to plan for this expense upfront and mitigate the risk earlier in the project
initiation phase and make a smooth progress to the finish line.
Non Aligned Business and IT
Cloud meets the time to market demands of business, without the need to wait for IT to deliver
solutions. Due to the ease of service availability, the business is adopting cloud at a much faster rate
than IT. This non alignment can cause the organizational entropy to increase. There would be
redundancy in process, data and applications and over a period of time, the organizations would find
it difficult to maintain coherence. In the long term, as entropy increases, enterprises will find it difficult
to realign IT and cloud solutions to meet Organizational strategies. This is against the basic reason of
adopting cloud – Faster time to market.
Also, Business may not be able to differentiate the nonfunctional aspects of a cloud solution, which IT
can easily analyze. A cloud project will not be successful until the organizations interest is aligned and
all stakeholder groups commit to its success.
Failure to understand the Supply Chain
Supply Chain is an increasingly important aspect in Cloud Computing Projects. The project Manager
has an added responsibility to ensure that the Cloud Service Provider will be able to address the
project requirements over the long term. The following aspects need to be validated while choosing
the Cloud Service Provider
Financial Stability to ensure ability to provide continued service
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10. Implementation Expertise in similar projects
SLA and track record
Availability Conditions and clauses
It is suggested to go with reputed service providers, as their expertise will be an added advantage in
project risk mitigation strategy development.
4. Conclusion
Based on literature from IBM (IBM Academy of Technology, 2010), the basis of cloud implementation
is a set of well-defined, proven process as illustrated in Figure 1. Service management is vital to
being able to deliver, or even access Cloud enabled services.
Figure 1: Cloud service management implementation framework
The framework shows that people, process, tools and information needs to interact to enable a
successful cloud implementation. It is also observed that some of the causes of project failures are
inter-related. Failure to address one can result in the other. E.g. failure to understand the financial
realities can increase TCO which in turn can impact the expectation of reduced cost. Or, not
understanding the requirements completely will result in inadequate technology selection.
Analysis of the causes of failures clearly indicates that it is important to have a clearly defined
strategy and well defined roadmap to enable success. It is also noted that managing requirements,
scope and changes are an important aspect to ensure success of cloud computing projects.
Identifying risks and developing mitigation strategies early in the project can boost the success rate.
Also, it is necessary to watch out for early warning signs to ensure that the problems are addressed
early.
Agile or Iterative methodology of project management is the most suitable in cloud projects as it
allows attaining the objective of reduced TTM while allowing addressing the challenges of changing
business needs. It also helps control scope creep and gold plating through effective change control by
addressing changes as part of separate iterations.
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11. 5. References
[1] Agile Methodology, "Understanding Agile Methodology", http://agilemethodology.org.
[2] Engira Ram, "Cloud computing: Technology, Risks, and Controls", http://www.nyiia.org, April 2010.
[3] Healing Eric, "Cloud Computing Risk Management", Deloitte Development LLC, Presentation,
October 2011.
[4] IBM Academy of Technology, "Cloud computing insights from110 implementation projects", IBM
Academy of Technology Survey, IBM, October 2010, pp. 1-12.
[5] Nicoletti Bernardo, "Project Management and Cloud computing", PM World Today,
http://www.pmworldtoday.net, January 2012 (Vol. XIV, Issue I), pp. 1-11.
[6] Walker Grace, "Cloud computing fundamentals", IBM Developer Works, IBM, December 2010, pp.
1-10.
6. Author’s Profile:
Praveena Parameswaran is Technology Architect and associated
with Infosys Technologies, India. She has 14 years of IT
experience in data warehousing, enterprise architecture, project
management. She has received a She is B.Tech in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering from University of Calicut, India in 1997
and a MS in Microelectronics from Manipal University, India. She
is Zachman Certified Enterprise Architect Associate and has
managed multiple projects to align IT and business strategies. Her
area of interest is Cloud Computing and Big Data
Email: pravina.pv@gmail.com
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