The document summarizes validation test cases performed by ETAP to verify the accuracy of its power system modeling software. It provides two examples of load flow comparison cases where ETAP results are compared to published examples. For both cases, ETAP load flow results using different solution methods show close agreement of less than 1% difference for bus voltages and branch power flows compared to the reference examples. The document demonstrates ETAP's extensive validation and verification process against published test cases and field measurements.
IRJET- Optimum Design of PSO based Tuning using PID Controller for an Automat...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to tune the parameters of a PID controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. The goal is to improve the system's transient performance by minimizing overshoot and steady state error. PSO is applied to optimize the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of the PID controller. Simulation results show the PSO-tuned PID controller provides significantly better control of the AVR system compared to a traditionally tuned PID controller. The tuned controller gives faster response, lower overshoot, and improved stability when subjected to disturbances and parameter variations.
IRJET- Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) – A Case Study in Manufacturin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a case study applying Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to assess the reliability of a 2.3MW wind turbine system. The study identifies 11 sub-assemblies of the turbine and analyzes potential failure modes and their effects. Severity, occurrence, and detection ratings are assigned to calculate risk priority numbers. The results show the drive train having the highest RPN, indicating relatively lower reliability. The study demonstrates FMEA as an effective early-stage reliability analysis tool for wind turbines. It is suggested that comparing FMEA predictions to field failure data could help validate and refine the analysis.
The document summarizes laboratory tests conducted by EPRI to evaluate the performance of a new high-efficiency synchronous reluctance motor and drive system. Key findings from the tests include:
1) The system achieved efficiencies of up to 93.6% at full load, higher than a traditional induction motor and drive system.
2) Noise levels and bearing temperatures were well below standards.
3) Power quality measures like harmonic distortion were within expected ranges.
4) The new motor and drive solution shows potential to help utilities meet efficiency goals and provide energy-efficient options for end users.
IRJET- Analysis of Emission Data by using Testbed for Euro VI NormsIRJET Journal
This document discusses analyzing engine emissions using a testbed setup to evaluate compliance with Euro VI emission standards. It describes the components of a typical testbed, including sensors to measure engine performance and emissions. Two common emission test cycles are described: the World Harmonized Steady State Cycle (WHSC) which evaluates engines at steady speeds and loads, and the World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) which uses transient speed and load conditions to better represent real-world driving. The document emphasizes the need to reduce emissions like NOx, PM, CO and HC to maintain air quality and protect the environment.
Enhanced Skewed Load and Broadside Power Reduction in Transition Fault TestingIJERA Editor
This Paper Proposes the T-algorithm technique to optimize the testing Skewed Load and Broadside architecture. And the architecture used to the compare the test pattern results. In this architecture, T-algorithm used to optimize the testing architecture. This architecture compare the test pattern output for the required any type of combinational architecture. The optimization process mainly focused by gate optimization for secure architecture. The proposed system to use the T-algorithm, to optimize the testing clocking level for the required test patterns. This technique to replace the flip flop and the mux arrangement. To reduce the flip flops in Skewed Load architecture. And to develop the accuracy for testing architecture. The proposed system consists of the secure testing architecture and includes the XOR-gate architecture. So the modification process applied by the Broadside and over all Skewed Load architecture. The proposed technique to check the scanning results for the testing process. The testing architecture mainly used to the error attack for the scanning process and the scanning process work with any type of testing architecture. The scanning process to be secure using the T-algorithm for the Skewed Load architecture. And to develop the testing process for the fault identification process. The diagnosis technique to detect error for the scanning process in any type combinational architecture. The T-algorithm used to reduce the circuit complexity for the testing architecture and the testing architecture used to reduce the delay level. And the future process, this technique used to reduce the gate level for the sticky comparator architecture and to modify the clocking function for the testing process. This technique to develop the accuracy level for the testing process compare to the present methodology.
This document describes a study that generated and verified VHDL code for a modified repetitive controller to control a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) power quality conditioner. The controller is designed to limit fault current during downstream faults and compensate for voltage sags, harmonics, and imbalances. The MATLAB HDL Coder was used to generate VHDL code from a MATLAB model of the repetitive controller. The generated code was then verified in the Modelsim simulator, demonstrating the controller design's hardware compatibility for implementation in an FPGA. The repetitive controller incorporates a feedforward term for fast response and feedback term to ensure zero steady-state error. A logic circuit detects downstream faults by monitoring load current.
ECU software abnormal behavior detection based on Mahalanobis taguchi techniqueYixin Chen
This document discusses a technique for detecting abnormal behavior in automotive ECU software using Mahalanobis distance. Vehicle driving data is recorded during tests of baseline software and played back while testing new software. Mahalanobis distance is calculated between the baseline and new software data to identify potential errors, with high distances indicating abnormal behavior. The technique was tested on electronic throttle control software, accurately detecting issues.
Hybrid Gravitational Search Flower Pollination Algorithm for Combined Economi...IRJET Journal
The document describes a new hybrid gravitational search flower pollination algorithm (GSFPA) proposed for solving the combined economic emission load dispatch (CEED) problem. The CEED problem aims to minimize fuel costs and emission levels simultaneously while meeting demand. The GSFPA uses gravitational search to determine step sizes in the levy flight mechanism of flower pollination algorithm. Test results on IEEE 14 bus and 39 bus systems show the GSFPA finds improved solutions to the CEED problem with less computational time compared to other algorithms.
IRJET- Optimum Design of PSO based Tuning using PID Controller for an Automat...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to tune the parameters of a PID controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. The goal is to improve the system's transient performance by minimizing overshoot and steady state error. PSO is applied to optimize the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of the PID controller. Simulation results show the PSO-tuned PID controller provides significantly better control of the AVR system compared to a traditionally tuned PID controller. The tuned controller gives faster response, lower overshoot, and improved stability when subjected to disturbances and parameter variations.
IRJET- Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) – A Case Study in Manufacturin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a case study applying Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to assess the reliability of a 2.3MW wind turbine system. The study identifies 11 sub-assemblies of the turbine and analyzes potential failure modes and their effects. Severity, occurrence, and detection ratings are assigned to calculate risk priority numbers. The results show the drive train having the highest RPN, indicating relatively lower reliability. The study demonstrates FMEA as an effective early-stage reliability analysis tool for wind turbines. It is suggested that comparing FMEA predictions to field failure data could help validate and refine the analysis.
The document summarizes laboratory tests conducted by EPRI to evaluate the performance of a new high-efficiency synchronous reluctance motor and drive system. Key findings from the tests include:
1) The system achieved efficiencies of up to 93.6% at full load, higher than a traditional induction motor and drive system.
2) Noise levels and bearing temperatures were well below standards.
3) Power quality measures like harmonic distortion were within expected ranges.
4) The new motor and drive solution shows potential to help utilities meet efficiency goals and provide energy-efficient options for end users.
IRJET- Analysis of Emission Data by using Testbed for Euro VI NormsIRJET Journal
This document discusses analyzing engine emissions using a testbed setup to evaluate compliance with Euro VI emission standards. It describes the components of a typical testbed, including sensors to measure engine performance and emissions. Two common emission test cycles are described: the World Harmonized Steady State Cycle (WHSC) which evaluates engines at steady speeds and loads, and the World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) which uses transient speed and load conditions to better represent real-world driving. The document emphasizes the need to reduce emissions like NOx, PM, CO and HC to maintain air quality and protect the environment.
Enhanced Skewed Load and Broadside Power Reduction in Transition Fault TestingIJERA Editor
This Paper Proposes the T-algorithm technique to optimize the testing Skewed Load and Broadside architecture. And the architecture used to the compare the test pattern results. In this architecture, T-algorithm used to optimize the testing architecture. This architecture compare the test pattern output for the required any type of combinational architecture. The optimization process mainly focused by gate optimization for secure architecture. The proposed system to use the T-algorithm, to optimize the testing clocking level for the required test patterns. This technique to replace the flip flop and the mux arrangement. To reduce the flip flops in Skewed Load architecture. And to develop the accuracy for testing architecture. The proposed system consists of the secure testing architecture and includes the XOR-gate architecture. So the modification process applied by the Broadside and over all Skewed Load architecture. The proposed technique to check the scanning results for the testing process. The testing architecture mainly used to the error attack for the scanning process and the scanning process work with any type of testing architecture. The scanning process to be secure using the T-algorithm for the Skewed Load architecture. And to develop the testing process for the fault identification process. The diagnosis technique to detect error for the scanning process in any type combinational architecture. The T-algorithm used to reduce the circuit complexity for the testing architecture and the testing architecture used to reduce the delay level. And the future process, this technique used to reduce the gate level for the sticky comparator architecture and to modify the clocking function for the testing process. This technique to develop the accuracy level for the testing process compare to the present methodology.
This document describes a study that generated and verified VHDL code for a modified repetitive controller to control a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) power quality conditioner. The controller is designed to limit fault current during downstream faults and compensate for voltage sags, harmonics, and imbalances. The MATLAB HDL Coder was used to generate VHDL code from a MATLAB model of the repetitive controller. The generated code was then verified in the Modelsim simulator, demonstrating the controller design's hardware compatibility for implementation in an FPGA. The repetitive controller incorporates a feedforward term for fast response and feedback term to ensure zero steady-state error. A logic circuit detects downstream faults by monitoring load current.
ECU software abnormal behavior detection based on Mahalanobis taguchi techniqueYixin Chen
This document discusses a technique for detecting abnormal behavior in automotive ECU software using Mahalanobis distance. Vehicle driving data is recorded during tests of baseline software and played back while testing new software. Mahalanobis distance is calculated between the baseline and new software data to identify potential errors, with high distances indicating abnormal behavior. The technique was tested on electronic throttle control software, accurately detecting issues.
Hybrid Gravitational Search Flower Pollination Algorithm for Combined Economi...IRJET Journal
The document describes a new hybrid gravitational search flower pollination algorithm (GSFPA) proposed for solving the combined economic emission load dispatch (CEED) problem. The CEED problem aims to minimize fuel costs and emission levels simultaneously while meeting demand. The GSFPA uses gravitational search to determine step sizes in the levy flight mechanism of flower pollination algorithm. Test results on IEEE 14 bus and 39 bus systems show the GSFPA finds improved solutions to the CEED problem with less computational time compared to other algorithms.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis between PI and Fuzzy Controller for Speed Control...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of a PI controller and fuzzy logic controller for speed control of an induction motor. It first describes the v/f control method used and then provides details on the design and simulation of both controllers in MATLAB/Simulink. The PI controller design uses a closed-loop speed control approach with feedback. The fuzzy logic controller design consists of fuzzification, a rule base, decision-making, and defuzzification. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller has less speed variation during load changes compared to the PI controller, indicating better performance. The document concludes that the fuzzy logic controller is more efficient for induction motor speed control.
Design for Testability in Timely Testing of Vlsi CircuitsIJERA Editor
Even though a circuit is designed error-free, manufactured circuits may not function correctly. Since the manufacturing process is not perfect, some defects such as short-circuits, open-circuits, open interconnections, pin shorts, etc., may be introduced. Points out that the cost of detecting a faulty component increases ten times at each step between prepackage component test and system warranty repair. It is important to identify a faulty component as early in the manufacturing process as possible. Therefore, testing has become a very important aspect of any VLSI manufacturing system.Two main issues related to test and security domain are scan-based attacks and misuse of JTAG interface. Design for testability presents effective and timely testing of VLSI circuits. The project is to test the circuits after design and then reduce the area, power, delay and security of misuse. BIST architecture is used to test the circuits effectively compared to scan based testing. In built-in self-test (BIST), on-chip circuitry is added to generate test vectors or analyze output responses or both. BIST is usually performed using pseudorandom pattern generators (PRPGs). Among the advantages of pseudorandom BIST are: (1) the low cost compared to testing from automatic test equipment (ATE). (2) The speed of the test, which is much faster than when it is applied from ATE. (3) The applicability of the test while the circuit is in the field, and (4) the potential for high quality of test.
This presentation highlights TESCO’s Test Equipment for a variety of needs for today’s utilities. Some of the products included are desktop meter stations, meter test boards, hot socket accessories, transformer test equipment, handheld test equipment and software.
Improving continuous process operation using data analytics delta v applicati...Emerson Exchange
The document discusses applying data analytics to improve continuous process operation. It describes developing models using process data to enable online fault detection and quality parameter prediction. A field trial was conducted on a CO2 recovery process that uses a 2-stage flash skid. The data analytics models allow operators to more quickly respond to conditions impacting process operation and quality.
IRJET- Speed Control of Induction Motors using Proposed Closed Loop V/F Contr...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on speed control of three-phase induction motors using a proposed closed-loop volts/hertz (V/F) control scheme. The study developed a Simulink model of the control system using a proportional-integral (PI) controller to regulate motor speed. Simulation results showed that the motor speed remained constant despite changes in load, and current increased appropriately with load, demonstrating effective speed control. The proposed closed-loop V/F control with PI controller provides accurate steady-state speed control of induction motors simply and cost-effectively.
Data Volume Compression Using BIST to get Low-Power Pseudorandom Test Pattern...IJMTST Journal
This project describes a low-power (LP) programmable generator capable of producing pseudorandom test patterns with desired toggling levels and enhanced fault coverage gradient compared with the best-to-date built-in self-test (BIST)- based pseudorandom test pattern generators. It is comprised of a linear finite state machine (a linear feedback shift register or a ring generator) driving an appropriate phase shifter, and it comes with a number of features allowing this device to produce binary sequences with preselected toggling (PRESTO) activity. We introduce a method to automatically select several controls of the generator offering easy and precise tuning. The same technique is subsequently employed to deterministically guide the generator toward test sequences with improved fault-coverage-to pattern-count ratios. Furthermore, this proposes an LP test compression method that allows shaping the test power envelope in a fully predictable, accurate, and flexible fashion by adapting the PRESTO based logic BIST (LBIST) infrastructure. The proposed architecture is extended in such that the patterns generated from PRPG is gone through CUT and then to TRA to perform ATE.
Advancing VLSI Design Reliability: A Comprehensive Examination of Embedded De...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on Embedded Deterministic Test (EDT) logic insertion's impact on VLSI designs. Key findings include:
1) EDT insertion enhances test and fault coverage, but also increases the number of test patterns required.
2) There are significant shifts in fault sub-classes like untestable faults and tied cells after EDT insertion, highlighting its nuanced effects.
3) Results provide empirical evidence for designers to optimize testability by strategically integrating EDT logic.
The document discusses optimization of 3G radio networks, focusing on the RF Optimization phase. It describes the various stages of network optimization including single site verification, RF optimization of clusters of sites, parameter optimization testing, and ongoing reference route testing and analysis. The RF Optimization process involves preparing clusters and drive routes, analyzing data to identify issues, determining solutions such as antenna adjustments, implementing changes, and retesting. Analysis approaches discussed include examining cell dominance, coverage, interference, uplink coverage, pilot pollution, neighbor lists, soft handover performance, and drop calls.
Development of PLC based Transdermal Patch Evaluation SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a PLC-based system to evaluate the adhesion of transdermal drug patches. The system uses a load cell to measure the peeling force as a patch is removed from a substrate at controlled speeds by a servomotor. The PLC controls the motor and reads the load cell output to perform 180 and 90 degree peel tests according to industry standards. This allows automated testing to improve quality by maintaining consistent test parameters compared to manual methods. The system is designed to objectively measure patch adhesion strength across multiple batches over time to ensure transdermal drug delivery performance.
IRJET- Vibration Analysis and Optimization of Housing for ECU in Automobile u...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the vibration analysis and optimization of an electronic control unit (ECU) housing for an automobile. The objectives are to design and optimize the ECU housing using CATIA and finite element analysis (FEA) in ANSYS to minimize vibration. Modal and harmonic analyses are conducted on the original housing and an optimized design with added cross ribs. The natural frequencies increase and acceleration amplitude decreases in the optimized design, improving stiffness and reducing vibration compared to the original housing.
IRJET- Implementation of Ideal Stop and Go Deactivation Logic for Passeng...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the implementation of an ideal start-stop system for passenger vehicles to reduce emissions. It discusses:
1) The need for a start-stop system to reduce emissions by shutting off the engine at standstills like traffic lights.
2) The system architecture including inputs from various vehicle systems that determine when the engine can be started or stopped.
3) The design of the start-stop coordinator including different system states and change of mind logic to restart the engine.
4) The identification of possible error cases to develop robust deactivation logic that resets the system if a fault is detected.
Improvement in Error Resilience in BIST using hamming codeIJMTST Journal
In the current scenario of IP core based SoC, to test the CUT we need to communication link between Circuit Under Test and ATPG, so before applying to actual DUT. If there is a problem with this link, there may be a lip in bit of test data. Compared to original test data, if there is a bit lip in the original data, the codeword may change and hence the decompressed data will have a large number of bit deviation. This deviation in bits can severely degrade the test quality and overall fault coverage which may affect yield. The error resilience is the capability of the test data to resist against such bit lips. Here in this paper, the earlier methods of error resilience is compared and a Hamming code based error resilience technique is proposed to improve the error resilience capacity of compressed test data. This method is applied on Huffman code based compressed test data of widely used ISCAS benchmark circuits. The fault coverage measurement results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The basic goal here is to survey the effect of bit lips on fault coverage and prepare a platform for further development in this avenue.
Health Monitoring of Industrial and Electrical EquipmentMAJAHARUL IMAM
It Detects if motor, generator or any Industrial Equipments having any faults,
excess heating and more vibration. Then sound up alarm to minimize the problems
Improvement in Quality of Power by PI Controller Hybrid PSO using STATCOMIRJET Journal
The document discusses using a hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique with a PI controller and STATCOM device to improve power quality and reduce costs. Voltage sags are a key power quality issue that are mitigated. The system is modeled in MATLAB Simulink. Simulation results show that using PSO to optimize the PI controller parameters and STATCOM operation leads to better voltage regulation and an improved inertia weight, demonstrating enhanced power quality and reduced costs.
Natf reference-document-reporting-and-verification-of-generating-unit-reactiv...Insanul Aziz
This document provides guidance for determining and reporting generating unit reactive power capability for use in transmission system models and studies. It outlines a process where the generator owner can develop a power flow model of the generating unit and validate it using operational or test data. Key inputs needed include the generator characteristics, transformer ratings, and transmission voltage ranges. Simulation results documenting the generating unit's reactive power limits under different conditions would then be shared with the transmission planner. Validation of the modeling can come from comparing results to operational performance or staged testing. The goal is to establish consistent approaches for verifying and communicating generating unit reactive capabilities suitable for transmission planning and operations studies.
SMC Raptor Primary Injection Test SystemErika Herbozo
Multifunctional Primary Testing System
The Raptor system consists of a main "master" unit and a number of optional units that enable the execution of virtually and commissioning or routine testing jobs on the primary equipment of medium and high voltage electricity installations.
DESIGN OF CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR THE LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) IN MULTI AR...IAEME Publication
This paper features the Differential Evolution (DE) by controller parameters tuning algorithm
and also an application of a multi source power system to a Load Frequency Control (LFC) by
having several sources of power generation techniques. At first, a single area multi-source power
system using integral controllers for every unit is taken and DE procedure is implemented to attain
the controller parameters. Several mutation procedures of DE are estimated and the control
parameters of DE for best obtained procedure are tuned by implementing numerous runs of
algorithm for every change in parameter. Multi-area multi-source power system is also discussed
and a HDVC link is also taken in accordance with the current AC tie line for the internal
connection between the areas. The two variables of Integrals which are to be enhanced using tuned
DE algorithm are proportional integral and proportional integral derivative.
The document discusses inlet distortion testing of the PW308 high-bypass turbofan engine. It tested the engine's response to 180-degree and 90-degree inlet total pressure distortion patterns. The testing showed the engine could operate with up to 6% circumferential distortion. A computational model was able to predict the engine's stability limit under distortion conditions within acceptable error margins, though it had more difficulty modeling the radial distortion of the 90-degree pattern. The results indicate the PW308 engine can operate in aircraft with embedded inlets.
IRJET- Portable Automated Test System for Automotive IndustryIRJET Journal
This document describes a portable automated test system (PATS) developed for testing brake systems in the automotive industry. PATS includes a desktop simulator with a user-friendly GUI that allows configuration of test scenarios. It communicates with a hardware simulator over USB. The system allows automation of tests and integration with various scripting languages. It provides a low-cost and effective way to test brake system software modules.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis between PI and Fuzzy Controller for Speed Control...IRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of a PI controller and fuzzy logic controller for speed control of an induction motor. It first describes the v/f control method used and then provides details on the design and simulation of both controllers in MATLAB/Simulink. The PI controller design uses a closed-loop speed control approach with feedback. The fuzzy logic controller design consists of fuzzification, a rule base, decision-making, and defuzzification. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller has less speed variation during load changes compared to the PI controller, indicating better performance. The document concludes that the fuzzy logic controller is more efficient for induction motor speed control.
Design for Testability in Timely Testing of Vlsi CircuitsIJERA Editor
Even though a circuit is designed error-free, manufactured circuits may not function correctly. Since the manufacturing process is not perfect, some defects such as short-circuits, open-circuits, open interconnections, pin shorts, etc., may be introduced. Points out that the cost of detecting a faulty component increases ten times at each step between prepackage component test and system warranty repair. It is important to identify a faulty component as early in the manufacturing process as possible. Therefore, testing has become a very important aspect of any VLSI manufacturing system.Two main issues related to test and security domain are scan-based attacks and misuse of JTAG interface. Design for testability presents effective and timely testing of VLSI circuits. The project is to test the circuits after design and then reduce the area, power, delay and security of misuse. BIST architecture is used to test the circuits effectively compared to scan based testing. In built-in self-test (BIST), on-chip circuitry is added to generate test vectors or analyze output responses or both. BIST is usually performed using pseudorandom pattern generators (PRPGs). Among the advantages of pseudorandom BIST are: (1) the low cost compared to testing from automatic test equipment (ATE). (2) The speed of the test, which is much faster than when it is applied from ATE. (3) The applicability of the test while the circuit is in the field, and (4) the potential for high quality of test.
This presentation highlights TESCO’s Test Equipment for a variety of needs for today’s utilities. Some of the products included are desktop meter stations, meter test boards, hot socket accessories, transformer test equipment, handheld test equipment and software.
Improving continuous process operation using data analytics delta v applicati...Emerson Exchange
The document discusses applying data analytics to improve continuous process operation. It describes developing models using process data to enable online fault detection and quality parameter prediction. A field trial was conducted on a CO2 recovery process that uses a 2-stage flash skid. The data analytics models allow operators to more quickly respond to conditions impacting process operation and quality.
IRJET- Speed Control of Induction Motors using Proposed Closed Loop V/F Contr...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on speed control of three-phase induction motors using a proposed closed-loop volts/hertz (V/F) control scheme. The study developed a Simulink model of the control system using a proportional-integral (PI) controller to regulate motor speed. Simulation results showed that the motor speed remained constant despite changes in load, and current increased appropriately with load, demonstrating effective speed control. The proposed closed-loop V/F control with PI controller provides accurate steady-state speed control of induction motors simply and cost-effectively.
Data Volume Compression Using BIST to get Low-Power Pseudorandom Test Pattern...IJMTST Journal
This project describes a low-power (LP) programmable generator capable of producing pseudorandom test patterns with desired toggling levels and enhanced fault coverage gradient compared with the best-to-date built-in self-test (BIST)- based pseudorandom test pattern generators. It is comprised of a linear finite state machine (a linear feedback shift register or a ring generator) driving an appropriate phase shifter, and it comes with a number of features allowing this device to produce binary sequences with preselected toggling (PRESTO) activity. We introduce a method to automatically select several controls of the generator offering easy and precise tuning. The same technique is subsequently employed to deterministically guide the generator toward test sequences with improved fault-coverage-to pattern-count ratios. Furthermore, this proposes an LP test compression method that allows shaping the test power envelope in a fully predictable, accurate, and flexible fashion by adapting the PRESTO based logic BIST (LBIST) infrastructure. The proposed architecture is extended in such that the patterns generated from PRPG is gone through CUT and then to TRA to perform ATE.
Advancing VLSI Design Reliability: A Comprehensive Examination of Embedded De...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on Embedded Deterministic Test (EDT) logic insertion's impact on VLSI designs. Key findings include:
1) EDT insertion enhances test and fault coverage, but also increases the number of test patterns required.
2) There are significant shifts in fault sub-classes like untestable faults and tied cells after EDT insertion, highlighting its nuanced effects.
3) Results provide empirical evidence for designers to optimize testability by strategically integrating EDT logic.
The document discusses optimization of 3G radio networks, focusing on the RF Optimization phase. It describes the various stages of network optimization including single site verification, RF optimization of clusters of sites, parameter optimization testing, and ongoing reference route testing and analysis. The RF Optimization process involves preparing clusters and drive routes, analyzing data to identify issues, determining solutions such as antenna adjustments, implementing changes, and retesting. Analysis approaches discussed include examining cell dominance, coverage, interference, uplink coverage, pilot pollution, neighbor lists, soft handover performance, and drop calls.
Development of PLC based Transdermal Patch Evaluation SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes the development of a PLC-based system to evaluate the adhesion of transdermal drug patches. The system uses a load cell to measure the peeling force as a patch is removed from a substrate at controlled speeds by a servomotor. The PLC controls the motor and reads the load cell output to perform 180 and 90 degree peel tests according to industry standards. This allows automated testing to improve quality by maintaining consistent test parameters compared to manual methods. The system is designed to objectively measure patch adhesion strength across multiple batches over time to ensure transdermal drug delivery performance.
IRJET- Vibration Analysis and Optimization of Housing for ECU in Automobile u...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the vibration analysis and optimization of an electronic control unit (ECU) housing for an automobile. The objectives are to design and optimize the ECU housing using CATIA and finite element analysis (FEA) in ANSYS to minimize vibration. Modal and harmonic analyses are conducted on the original housing and an optimized design with added cross ribs. The natural frequencies increase and acceleration amplitude decreases in the optimized design, improving stiffness and reducing vibration compared to the original housing.
IRJET- Implementation of Ideal Stop and Go Deactivation Logic for Passeng...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the implementation of an ideal start-stop system for passenger vehicles to reduce emissions. It discusses:
1) The need for a start-stop system to reduce emissions by shutting off the engine at standstills like traffic lights.
2) The system architecture including inputs from various vehicle systems that determine when the engine can be started or stopped.
3) The design of the start-stop coordinator including different system states and change of mind logic to restart the engine.
4) The identification of possible error cases to develop robust deactivation logic that resets the system if a fault is detected.
Improvement in Error Resilience in BIST using hamming codeIJMTST Journal
In the current scenario of IP core based SoC, to test the CUT we need to communication link between Circuit Under Test and ATPG, so before applying to actual DUT. If there is a problem with this link, there may be a lip in bit of test data. Compared to original test data, if there is a bit lip in the original data, the codeword may change and hence the decompressed data will have a large number of bit deviation. This deviation in bits can severely degrade the test quality and overall fault coverage which may affect yield. The error resilience is the capability of the test data to resist against such bit lips. Here in this paper, the earlier methods of error resilience is compared and a Hamming code based error resilience technique is proposed to improve the error resilience capacity of compressed test data. This method is applied on Huffman code based compressed test data of widely used ISCAS benchmark circuits. The fault coverage measurement results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The basic goal here is to survey the effect of bit lips on fault coverage and prepare a platform for further development in this avenue.
Health Monitoring of Industrial and Electrical EquipmentMAJAHARUL IMAM
It Detects if motor, generator or any Industrial Equipments having any faults,
excess heating and more vibration. Then sound up alarm to minimize the problems
Improvement in Quality of Power by PI Controller Hybrid PSO using STATCOMIRJET Journal
The document discusses using a hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique with a PI controller and STATCOM device to improve power quality and reduce costs. Voltage sags are a key power quality issue that are mitigated. The system is modeled in MATLAB Simulink. Simulation results show that using PSO to optimize the PI controller parameters and STATCOM operation leads to better voltage regulation and an improved inertia weight, demonstrating enhanced power quality and reduced costs.
Natf reference-document-reporting-and-verification-of-generating-unit-reactiv...Insanul Aziz
This document provides guidance for determining and reporting generating unit reactive power capability for use in transmission system models and studies. It outlines a process where the generator owner can develop a power flow model of the generating unit and validate it using operational or test data. Key inputs needed include the generator characteristics, transformer ratings, and transmission voltage ranges. Simulation results documenting the generating unit's reactive power limits under different conditions would then be shared with the transmission planner. Validation of the modeling can come from comparing results to operational performance or staged testing. The goal is to establish consistent approaches for verifying and communicating generating unit reactive capabilities suitable for transmission planning and operations studies.
SMC Raptor Primary Injection Test SystemErika Herbozo
Multifunctional Primary Testing System
The Raptor system consists of a main "master" unit and a number of optional units that enable the execution of virtually and commissioning or routine testing jobs on the primary equipment of medium and high voltage electricity installations.
DESIGN OF CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR THE LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL (LFC) IN MULTI AR...IAEME Publication
This paper features the Differential Evolution (DE) by controller parameters tuning algorithm
and also an application of a multi source power system to a Load Frequency Control (LFC) by
having several sources of power generation techniques. At first, a single area multi-source power
system using integral controllers for every unit is taken and DE procedure is implemented to attain
the controller parameters. Several mutation procedures of DE are estimated and the control
parameters of DE for best obtained procedure are tuned by implementing numerous runs of
algorithm for every change in parameter. Multi-area multi-source power system is also discussed
and a HDVC link is also taken in accordance with the current AC tie line for the internal
connection between the areas. The two variables of Integrals which are to be enhanced using tuned
DE algorithm are proportional integral and proportional integral derivative.
The document discusses inlet distortion testing of the PW308 high-bypass turbofan engine. It tested the engine's response to 180-degree and 90-degree inlet total pressure distortion patterns. The testing showed the engine could operate with up to 6% circumferential distortion. A computational model was able to predict the engine's stability limit under distortion conditions within acceptable error margins, though it had more difficulty modeling the radial distortion of the 90-degree pattern. The results indicate the PW308 engine can operate in aircraft with embedded inlets.
IRJET- Portable Automated Test System for Automotive IndustryIRJET Journal
This document describes a portable automated test system (PATS) developed for testing brake systems in the automotive industry. PATS includes a desktop simulator with a user-friendly GUI that allows configuration of test scenarios. It communicates with a hardware simulator over USB. The system allows automation of tests and integration with various scripting languages. It provides a low-cost and effective way to test brake system software modules.
Similar to etapsimulation_manualcomparisontableresults.pdf (20)
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Home security is of paramount importance in today's world, where we rely more on technology, home
security is crucial. Using technology to make homes safer and easier to control from anywhere is
important. Home security is important for the occupant’s safety. In this paper, we came up with a low cost,
AI based model home security system. The system has a user-friendly interface, allowing users to start
model training and face detection with simple keyboard commands. Our goal is to introduce an innovative
home security system using facial recognition technology. Unlike traditional systems, this system trains
and saves images of friends and family members. The system scans this folder to recognize familiar faces
and provides real-time monitoring. If an unfamiliar face is detected, it promptly sends an email alert,
ensuring a proactive response to potential security threats.
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems. Mechatronics is an essential foundation for the expected growth in automation and manufacturing.
Mechatronics deals with robotics, control systems, and electro-mechanical systems.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Height and depth gauge linear metrology.pdfq30122000
Height gauges may also be used to measure the height of an object by using the underside of the scriber as the datum. The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge; then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it. This adjustment allows different scribers or probes to be used, as well as adjusting for any errors in a damaged or resharpened probe.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
needed blood group during the time of the emergency.
This is an android application developed in Java and XML with the connectivity of
SQLite database. This application will provide most of basic functionality required for an
emergency time application. All the details of Blood banks and Blood donors are stored
in the database i.e. SQLite.
This application allowed the user to get all the information regarding blood banks and
blood donors such as Name, Number, Address, Blood Group, rather than searching it on
the different websites and wasting the precious time. This application is effective and
user friendly.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.