This document provides an overview of works discussed in chapters 18-20 of an art history textbook. It summarizes key artworks from the 14th century in Europe through the early Renaissance in Italy, including paintings, sculptures, and architectural works by artists such as Giotto, Duccio, van Eyck, Botticelli, Brunelleschi, Donatello, and others. The works covered span different mediums and were created between the 1300s-1500s.
Museums can be an inspiration for new design challenges within a contemporary space.
Textile History wall treatments for Interior Design available to view in museums.
Long & Short of Displaying Art: Permanent Collections & Temporary ExhibitionsDFeller2
There are advantages and disadvantages for the visiting public when art museums mount temporary exhibitions. This slide show accompanies a paper of the same name available for view on www.deborahfeller.com. Click on "Art Historian."
Museums can be an inspiration for new design challenges within a contemporary space.
Textile History wall treatments for Interior Design available to view in museums.
Long & Short of Displaying Art: Permanent Collections & Temporary ExhibitionsDFeller2
There are advantages and disadvantages for the visiting public when art museums mount temporary exhibitions. This slide show accompanies a paper of the same name available for view on www.deborahfeller.com. Click on "Art Historian."
Titian in the End: From Wholesome Flesh to Disintegrating SkinDFeller2
A musing on Titian's "Flaying of Marsyas" painting, left in his studio at the end of his life (1576), entering the art historical record in the early 20th century.
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKSc. 1485. Oil .docxsmile790243
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas),
6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m). Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, The Virgin of the Rocks
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas), 6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
*
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498. Tempera and oil on plaster,
15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-03]
Video: Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with The Last Supper
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498.
Tempera and oil on plaster, 15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-03]
*
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21"
(77 × 53 cm). Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-05]
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa
Web Resource: A Closer Look at Mona Lisa
Closer Look: Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci, from his undated manuscripts
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21" (77 × 53 cm).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-05]
*
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8"
(59.5 × 44.1 cm). National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-07]
Scale Comparison: Raphael, The Small Cowper Madonna
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8" (59.5 × 44.1 cm).
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-07]
*
A CLOSER LOOK: The School of Athens
by Raphael, fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican, Rome. c. 1510-1511. 19' × 27' (5.79 × 8.24 m).
Scale Comparison: Raphael, The School of Athens
Closer Look: Raphael, The School of Athens
A CLOSER LOOK: The School of Athens
by Raphael, fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican, Rome.
c. 1510-1511. 19' × 27' (5.79 × 8.24 m).
*
Michelangelo PIETÀ
c. 1500. Marble, height 5'8-1/2" (1.74 m).
St. Peter's, Vatican, Rome. [Fig. 21-09]
Michelangelo Interprets the Vatican Pietà
Closer Look: Michelangelo, Pietà
Giorgio Vasari on the Life of Michelangelo
Scale Comparison: Michelangelo, Pietà
Michelangelo PIETÀ
c. 1500. Marble, height 5'8-1/2" (1.74 m).
St. Peter's, Vatican, Rome. [Fig. 21-09]
*
Michelangelo DAVID
1501-1504. Marble, height 17' (5.18 m) without pedestal.
Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence. [Fig. 21-10]
Scale Comparison: Michelangelo, David
Michelangelo DAVID
1501-1504. Marble, height 17' (5.18 m) without pedestal.
Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence. [Fig. 21-10]
*
Michelangelo SISTINE CHAPEL CEILING WITH DIAGRAM IDENTIFYING SCENES
1508-1512. Fresco. [Fig. 21-12a]
Architectural Panorama: Sistine ...
Titian in the End: From Wholesome Flesh to Disintegrating SkinDFeller2
A musing on Titian's "Flaying of Marsyas" painting, left in his studio at the end of his life (1576), entering the art historical record in the early 20th century.
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKSc. 1485. Oil .docxsmile790243
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas),
6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m). Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, The Virgin of the Rocks
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas), 6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
*
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498. Tempera and oil on plaster,
15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-03]
Video: Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with The Last Supper
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498.
Tempera and oil on plaster, 15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-03]
*
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21"
(77 × 53 cm). Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-05]
Scale Comparison: Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa
Web Resource: A Closer Look at Mona Lisa
Closer Look: Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci, from his undated manuscripts
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21" (77 × 53 cm).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-05]
*
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8"
(59.5 × 44.1 cm). National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-07]
Scale Comparison: Raphael, The Small Cowper Madonna
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8" (59.5 × 44.1 cm).
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-07]
*
A CLOSER LOOK: The School of Athens
by Raphael, fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican, Rome. c. 1510-1511. 19' × 27' (5.79 × 8.24 m).
Scale Comparison: Raphael, The School of Athens
Closer Look: Raphael, The School of Athens
A CLOSER LOOK: The School of Athens
by Raphael, fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican, Rome.
c. 1510-1511. 19' × 27' (5.79 × 8.24 m).
*
Michelangelo PIETÀ
c. 1500. Marble, height 5'8-1/2" (1.74 m).
St. Peter's, Vatican, Rome. [Fig. 21-09]
Michelangelo Interprets the Vatican Pietà
Closer Look: Michelangelo, Pietà
Giorgio Vasari on the Life of Michelangelo
Scale Comparison: Michelangelo, Pietà
Michelangelo PIETÀ
c. 1500. Marble, height 5'8-1/2" (1.74 m).
St. Peter's, Vatican, Rome. [Fig. 21-09]
*
Michelangelo DAVID
1501-1504. Marble, height 17' (5.18 m) without pedestal.
Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence. [Fig. 21-10]
Scale Comparison: Michelangelo, David
Michelangelo DAVID
1501-1504. Marble, height 17' (5.18 m) without pedestal.
Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence. [Fig. 21-10]
*
Michelangelo SISTINE CHAPEL CEILING WITH DIAGRAM IDENTIFYING SCENES
1508-1512. Fresco. [Fig. 21-12a]
Architectural Panorama: Sistine ...
Chapter 21 Art History Volume 2 Stokstad & Cothren EstelaJeffery653
Chapter 21
Art History Volume 2
Stokstad & Cothren
Pearson
Italy in the Early Sixteenth
Century: The High Renaissance
• "High" constitutes an art-historical judgment in
that this period set the standards for future
movements.
• This period fused the real and the ideal.
• Oil painting became the preferred medium, and
because commissions increased from private
sources, artists no longer depended on the
patronage of the Church.
• The humanist notion of arts as intellectual
influenced and elevated artists.
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael
all worked their early careers in
Florence.
• Leonardo da Vinci
! The Virgin of the Rocks shows four
figures with strong chiaroscuro that
enhances their modeling.
• It is painted in the sfumato technique,
creating a smoky effect.
Leonardo da Vinci THE VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS
c. 1485. Oil on wood panel (now transferred to canvas), 6'6" × 4' (1.9 × 1.2 m).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. [Fig. 21-02]
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Leonardo da Vinci
! The Last Supper, painted in the
refectory of Stanta Maria delle Grazie,
was a defining work of Renaissance art.
• Leonardo arranged the disciples in four
groups of three as they flank the stable,
pyramidal form of Jesus in the middle.
• The scene is set in stage-like recession,
with the orthogonals converging at the
head of Jesus.
Leonardo da Vinci THE LAST SUPPER
Refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. 1495-1498.
Tempera and oil on plaster, 15'2" × 28'10" (4.6 × 8.8 m). [Fig. 21-04]
REFECTORY OF THE MONASTERY OF SANTA MARIA DELLE GRAZIE, SHOWING
LEONARDO'S LAST SUPPER
Milan, Italy. [Fig. 21-05]
Three Great Artists of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• The Mona Lisa is, perhaps, his most
famous work, painted about 1503–
1506.
! The distant, hazy mountains give the
subject, Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo, a
mysterious quality.
• Her direct stare and "enigmatic" smile
add to the effect.
Leonardo da Vinci MONA LISA
c. 1503-1506. Oil on wood panel, 30-1/4" × 21" (77 × 53 cm).
Musée du Louvre, Paris. (INV. 779) [Fig. 21-1]
Three Great Artist of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Raphael
! The Small Cowper Madonna typifies the
artist's popular paintings of the Virgin
and Child.
• A pyramidal composition and clinging
draperies show the influence of da Vinci.
Raphael THE SMALL COWPER MADONNA
c. 1505. Oil on wood panel, 23-3/8" × 17-3/8" (59.5 × 44.1 cm).
National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. Widener Collection (1942.9.57) [Fig. 21-06]
Three Great Artist of the Early
Sixteenth Century
• Raphael
! Raphael's most influential work in the
papal rooms was the School of Athens in
the Stanza della Segnatura.
• Harmoniously arranged forms and
rational space complement the room in
which it was painted.
• Philosophical figures, while idealized,
have dyn ...
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Essential Works: Week 1- Italian and Northern Renaissance
1. Note: some of these are multiple/alternate views of the same piece
ARTH 1441
Essential Works Week 1
Ch. 18: Fourteenth-Century European Art
Ch. 19 Northern Renaissance
Ch. 20 Early Renaissance in Italy
2. Andrea Pisano LIFE OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST
South doors, baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. 1330-1336. Gilded bronze, each panel
19-1/4" × 17" (48 × 43 cm). Frame, Ghiberti workshop, mid 15th century.
The bronze vine scrolls filled with flowers, fruits, and birds on the lintel and jambs
framing the door were added in the mid fifteenth century. [Fig. 18-03]
3. Andrea Pisano THE BAPTISM OF THE MULTITUDE
Detail of the south doors, baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. 1330-1336.
Gilded bronze, 19-1/4" × 17" (48 × 43 cm). [Fig. 18-04]
4. Cimabue VIRGIN AND CHILD ENTHRONED
Most likely painted for the high altar of the church of Santa Trinità, Florence. c. 1280.
Tempera and gold on wood panel, 12'7" × 7'4" (3.53 × 2.2 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 18-05]
5. Giotto di Bondone VIRGIN AND CHILD ENTHRONED
Most likely painted for the high altar of the church of the Ognissanti (All Saints),
Florence. 1305-1310.
Tempera and gold on wood panel, 10'8" × 6'8-1/4" (3.53 × 2.05 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 18-06]
6. Giotto di Bondone SCROVEGNI (ARENA) CHAPEL, VIEW TOWARD EAST WALL
Padua. 1305-1306. Frescos. [Fig. 18-07]
7. Giotto di Bondone MARRIAGE AT CANA, RAISING OF LAZARUS, LAMENTATION, AND
RESURRECTION/NOLI ME TANGERE
North wall of Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua. 1305-1306.
Fresco, each scene approx. 6'5" × 6' (2 × 1.85 m). [Fig. 18-08]
8. Duccio di Buoninsegna CONJECTURAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FRONT (A) AND BACK
(B) OF THE MAESTÀ ALTARPIECE
Made for Siena Cathedral. 1308-1311.
Tempera and gold on wood, main front panel 7' × 13' (2.13 × 4.12 m). [Fig. 18-10a]
9. Duccio di Buoninsegna RAISING OF LAZARUS
From the predella of the back of the Maestà altarpiece (lower right corner of FIG. 18-
10b), made for Siena Cathedral. 1308-1311.
Tempera and gold on wood, 17-1/8" × 18-1/4" (43.5 × 46.4 cm).
Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas. [Fig. 18-11]
10. Jan van Eyck DOUBLE PORTRAIT OF GIOVANNI ARNOLFINI AND HIS WIFE
1434. Oil on wood panel, 33" × 22-1/2" (83.8 × 57.2 cm).
The National Gallery, London. [Fig. 19-01]
11. ART AND ITS CONTEXTS: Altars and Alterpieces
Diptych, triptych, and winged triptych alterpiece.
12. ART AND ITS CONTEXTS: Altars and Alterpieces
Altar and triptych alterpiece.
13. UNICORN IS FOUND AT THE FOUNTAIN
From the Hunt of the Unicorn tapestry series. c. 1495-1505. Wool, silk, and silver- and
gilt-wrapped thread (13-21 warp threads per inch), 12'1" × 12'5" (3.68 × 3.78 m).
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gift of John D. Rockefeller Jr., The Cloisters
Collection, 1937 (37.80.2) [Fig. 19-08]
14. Workshop of the Master of Flémalle MÉRODE ALTARPIECE (TRIPTYCH OF THE
ANNUNCIATION) (OPEN)
c. 1425-1430s. Oil on wood panel, center 25-1/4" × 24-7/8" (64.1 × 63.2 cm); each
wing approx. 25-3/8" × 10-3/4" (64.5 × 27.6 cm).
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. The Cloisters Collection, 1956 (56.70)
[Fig. 19-10]
15. Workshop of the Master of Flémalle A FLEMISH CITY
Detail of the right wing of the Mérode Altarpiece (FIG. 19-10). [Fig. 19-11]
16. Jan van Eyck MAN IN A RED TURBAN
1433. Oil on wood panel, 13-1/8" × 10-1/4" (33.3 × 25.8 cm).
National Gallery, London. [Fig. 19-12]
17. Jan van Eyck DETAIL OF MIRROR AND SIGNATURE IN A DOUBLE PORTRAIT OF
GIOVANNI ARNOLFINI AND HIS WIFE (FIG. 19-1)
1434. Oil on wood panel. The National Gallery, London. [Fig. 19-13]
18. Rogier van der Weyden DEPOSITION
From an altarpiece commissioned by the crossbowmen's guild, Louvain, Belgium.
Before 1443, possibly c. 1435-1438.
Oil on wood panel, 7'2-5/8" × 8'7-1/8" (2.2 × 2.62 m). Museo del Prado, Madrid.
[Fig. 19-16]
19. Hugo van der Goes PORTINARI ALTARPIECE (OPEN)
c. 1474-1476. Tempera and oil on wood panel; center 8'3-1/2" × 10' (2.53 × 3.01 m),
wings each 8'3-1/2" × 4'7-1/2" (2.53 × 1.41 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 19-19b]
20. Hugo van der Goes PORTINARI ALTARPIECE (OPEN)
c. 1474-1476. Tempera and oil on wood panel; center 8'3-1/2" × 10' (2.53 × 3.01 m),
wings each 8'3-1/2" × 4'7-1/2" (2.53 × 1.41 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 19-19a]
21. Hugo van der Goes PORTINARI ALTARPIECE (OPEN)
c. 1474-1476. Tempera and oil on wood panel; center 8'3-1/2" × 10' (2.53 × 3.01 m),
wings each 8'3-1/2" × 4'7-1/2" (2.53 × 1.41 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 19-19c]
22. Martin Schongauer THE TEMPTATIONS OF ST. ANTHONY
c. 1470-1480. Engraving, 12-1/4" × 9" (31.1 × 22.9 cm).
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Rogers Fund, 1920 (20.5.2) [Fig. 19-28]
25. Filippo Brunelleschi DOME OF FLORENCE CATHEDRAL (SANTA MARIA DEL FIORE)
1420-1436; lantern completed 1471. [Fig. 20-02]
26. SCHEMATIC DRAWING OF FLORENCE CATHEDRAL
The separate, central-plan building in front of the façade is the baptistery. Adjacent to
the façade is a tall tower designed by Giotto in 1334. [Fig. 20-03]
27. Filippo Brunelleschi (continued by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo) INTERIOR (A) AND PLAN
(B) OF CHURCH OF SAN LORENZO, FLORENCE
c. 1421-1428; nave (designed 1434?) 1442-1470. [Fig. 20-04b]
28. Filippo Brunelleschi SACRIFICE OF ISAAC
1401-1402. Bronze with gilding, 21" × 17-1/2" (53 × 44 cm) inside molding.
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence. [Fig. 20-09]
29. Lorenzo Ghiberti SACRIFICE OF ISAAC
1401-1402. Bronze with gilding, 21" × 17-1/2" (53 × 44 cm) inside molding.
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence. [Fig. 20-10]
31. Lorenzo Ghiberti "GATES OF PARADISE" (EAST BAPTISTERY DOORS)
Formerly on the Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. 1425-1452.
Gilt bronze, height 15' (4.57 m).
Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence. [Fig. 20-16]
32. Lorenzo Ghiberti JACOB AND ESAU, PANEL OF THE "GATES OF PARADISE"
(EAST BAPTISTERY DOORS)
Formerly on the Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. c. 1435.
Gilded bronze, 31 1/4" (79 cm) square.
Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence. [Fig. 20-17]
33. Masaccio TRINITY WITH THE VIRGIN, ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST, AND DONORS
Church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence. c. 1425-1427/1428.
Fresco, 21' × 10'5" (6.4 × 3.2 m). [Fig. 20-19]
34. Masaccio THE TRIBUTE MONEY
Brancacci Chapel, church of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence. c. 1427.
Fresco, 8'1" × 19'7" (2.46 × 6 m). [Fig. 20-22]
35. Andrea del Verrocchio DAVID
Commissioned by Lorenzo de' Medici for the Medici Palace. c. 1470-1475.
Bronze with gilded details, height 49-5/8" (1.26 m).
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence. [Fig. 20-34]
36. Sandro Botticelli BIRTH OF VENUS
c. 1484-1486. Tempera and gold on canvas, 5'8-7/8" × 9'1-7/8" (1.8 × 2.8 m).
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. [Fig. 20-40]