Class 02 HCI, ESSENTIAL of (CS/IT/IS), for 1st level students of Faculty of Applied Sciences,

1. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Instructor: Dr. Mazin Md. Alkathiri
Information technology Department
Faculty of Applied Sciences
Seiyun University – Yemen
Jan 2024

2. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
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3. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
HCI
• Human – computer interaction (HCI), alternatively man–
machine interaction (MMI) or computer–human interaction
(CHI)
• is the study of the interaction between people (users) and
computers.
• With today's technology and tools, and our motivation to
create really effective and usable interfaces and screens, why
do we continue to produce systems that are inefficient and
confusing or, at worst, just plain unusable?
• Is it because:
1. We don't care?
2. We don't possess common sense?
3. We don't have the time?
4. We still don't know what really makes good design?
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4. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
DEFINITION
• "Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the
design, evaluation and
implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and
with the study of major phenomena surrounding them."
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5. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
GOALS
• A basic goal of HCI is
– to improve the interactions between users and
computers
– by making computers more usable and receptive
to the user's needs.
• A long term goal of HCI is
– to design systems that minimize the barrier
between the human's cognitive model of what they
want
– to accomplish the computer's understanding of
the user's task
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6. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
WHY IS HCI IMPORTANT
1. Computer systems affect every person
2. Safety, satisfaction, utility is critical
3. Product success depends on ease of use
4. User-centered design is getting a crucial role!
5. It is getting more important today to increase
competitiveness via HCI studies
6. High-cost e-transformation investments
7. Users lose time with badly designed products and
services
8. Users even give up using bad interface
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7. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
USER INTERFACE
• User interface design is a subset of a field of study called human-
computer interaction (HCI).
• The user interface: is the part of a computer and its software that
people can see, hear, touch, talk to, or otherwise understand or
direct.
• Proper interface design will provide a mix of well-designed input and output
mechanisms that satisfy the user's needs, capabilities, and limitations in the
most effective way possible.
• The best interface is one that it not noticed, one that permits the user to
focus on the information and task at hand, not the mechanisms used to
present the information and perform the task.
• The user interface has essentially two components: input and
output.
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8. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Cont.
• Input is how a person communicates his / her needs to
the computer.
• Some common input components are the keyboard, mouse,
trackball, one's finger, and one's voice.
• Output is how the computer conveys the results of its
computations and requirements to the user.
• Today, the most common computer output mechanism is the
display screen, followed by mechanisms that take advantage
of a person's auditory capabilities: voice and sound.
• The use of the human senses of smell and touch output
in interface design still remain largely unexplored.
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9. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
HCI designers must consider a variety of
factors:
• what people want and expect,
• physical limitations and abilities people possess,
• how information processing systems work,
• what people find enjoyable and attractive,
• Technical characteristics and limitations of the computer hardware
and software must also be considered.
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10. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE USER INTERFACE
• A well-designed interface and screen is terribly important to our users.
• It is their window to view the capabilities of the system.
• It is also the vehicle through which many critical tasks are presented.
• These tasks often have a direct impact on an organization's relations with its
customers, and its profitability.
• A screen's layout and appearance affect a person in a variety of ways.
• If they are confusing and inefficient, people will have greater difficulty in doing
their jobs and will make more mistakes.
• Poor design may even chase some people away from a system
permanently.
• It can also lead to aggravation, frustration, and increased stress.
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11. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Overview: Map of Human Computer
Interaction
Input and
Output Devices
Dialogue
Techniques
Dialogue
Genre
Application Areas
Ergonomics
Evaluation
Techniques
Design
Approaches
Implementation
Techniques and Tools
Example Systems
and Case Studies
Human
Language,
Communication
and Interaction
Human
Information
Processing
Use and Context
Human-Machine Fit and Adaptation
Social Organization and Work
Computer
Computer
Graphics
Dialogue
Architecture
Development Process
A a

12. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Why study human use of computer systems?
• Business view:
• to use humans more productively/effectively
• the human costs now far outweigh hardware and software
costs
• Personal view:
• people view computers as appliances, and want it to
perform as one
• Marketplace view:
• everyday people using computers
• now expect “easy to use system”
• not tolerant of poorly designed systems
• if product is hard to use, people will seek other products
• eg Mac vs IBM (Microsoft Windows)

13. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Why study human use of computer systems?
• The system view:
• complex human
• complex computer
• complex interface between the two
• The human factors view:
• humans have necessary limitations
• errors are costly in terms of
• loss of time
• loss of money
• loss of lives in critical systems
• loss of morale
• design can cope with such limitations!

14. SEIYUN UNIVERSITY
College of Applied Science – CS department
Why study human use of computer
systems?
• The social view:
• Computers contribute to critical parts of our society, and cannot be ignored
• educate our children
• take medical histories and provide expert advice
• keep track of our credit worthiness
• play(?) war games (and help form policies)
• control air and ground traffic flow
• book travel
• control chemical/oil/nuclear plants
• control space missions
• assist humans with their everyday tasks (office automation)
• control complex machines (aircraft, space shuttles, super tankers)
• help control consumer equipment (cars, washing machines)
• entertainment (games, intellectual stimulation).…
In all these views, economics and human best interests are aligned