Essays I Aviser

Essays I Aviser
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Essays I AviserEssays I Aviser

Knowledge Management At World Bank
MGT 703
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
CASE STUDY ON
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AT WORLD BANK
SUBMITTED TO:SUBMITTED BY:
JOANNA DAIWAQAS ALI 11200695
Executive Summary
The main concept of this report is to discuss the concept of knowledge management and identify the
existing knowledge reservoirs in World Bank. I will be focusing on Knowledge in people,
Knowledge in artifacts and Knowledge in organizational entities. After that, I will be discussing the
classifications of knowledge management in World Bank by using explicit or tacit knowledge,
declarative and procedural knowledge and general, contextually specific and technically specific
knowledge. Furthermore, the infrastructure used to support knowledge management will be
discussed followed by knowledge management solutions. I will be discussing some challenges and
giving some recommendations to be followed by knowledge management officer.
The objectives of the case study are
(a)To learn the thorough concept of knowledge management.
(b)To find the classifications of knowledge at World Bank.
(c)To learn how to use the concept of storing, sharing and communicate the knowledge.
Table of Contents
ContentsPage No.
The Executive Summary
Introduction.............................................................................................. 4
General Knowledge reservoirs existing at World Bank ........................................... 4
Classifications of knowledge management
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Bo Jackson Motivation
Bo Jackson Bo Jackson is strongly for helping shape young men s life and is known as the
ultimate two sport player to ever live (PRNewswire 2016). Though many people and ESPN
admire him and his work he has been an inspiration to many young athletes as they strive to be
like him. Bo Jackson has created some indoor training facilities to train people to be their best,
he used striving for accuracy to innovate ways to overcome the challenges of sports and
illuminate the world by leaving behind a legacy that people will be inspired by. Bo Jackson may
have had made it look easy but all odds were against him to get to that point. He used habits of
mind such as applying past knowledge to new situations and striving for accuracy. He had to defeat

How Theme Shapes a Story
Running Head: Theme
How Theme Shapes a Story
By
Trina Carr
English 125
Instructor: Clifton Edwards
Running Head: Themepage 1
Like many people who haven t studied literature, if someone asked me what the theme of a story
was, I would have given a synopsis of the story detailing the actions and characters in it. As I have
come to learn, theme is much more than a distilled retelling of a story. Theme gives a story a
deeper meaning. The theme focuses the story and is the behind the scenes force that propels the
story forward. In other words it gives the story purpose and shape. Theme will attempt to hold all
the elements of your story ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She furthers uses an image like the missing pine trees, which are a symbol of immortality, to bring
to life the understanding that death has arrived. When Rhys uses cold the reader and the
character herself realize the meaning of the journey death. The introduction of cold allows the
reader to understand that the journey has come to an end and is irreversible. Character also
builds theme in a story. According to our text when looking at how characters shape theme you
should ask how do characters make a particular aspect of the underlying area clear? (Clugston, R
2010) This is a good place to start when looking at Rhys story. The author used the characters
thoughts and feeling to unfold the symbols in the story. The author also did not give a physical
description on the woman, this adds to furthering the theme of the journey in the story. The
woman is no longer a live and therefore she doesn t need a body. It is clear from the symbols
pointed out by the woman that she is leading us on this journey. As the character reaches the end
her journey, we as the reader does as well. Rhys layers the symbols at the end of the story so the
reader begins to rapidly connect the dots in there meaning.
References
Bain,T. (2010) Theme is what unifies your story. Writer (Kalmbach PublishingCo.) 123(3). 21
Clugston, W.

I Have Gone At Camp
At the end of every night of church camp, there is a campfire. Your sit around it with all of your
friends as you become mesmerized by looking out in the night sky at millions of stars, and
listening to the crackling of the fire. You become content as time stops. For that short hour every
night the world is telling you that everything will be ok, just breathe. Then you realize what is right
in front of you.
I have gone to camp for nine years now and this past year on July 1st, 2015 the campfire changed
my life.
This year at camp instead of being a camper my best friend Julia and I decided that we were going
to help cook for camp. This gave us the opportunity to go to camp, and make a little bit of money
to save up for college.
It was dark by time we got out of the kitchen and we went and got our coats and headed down to
the campfire. We saw our friends Kent and Brody. They saved us a seat in the front row, so we ran
down and sat beside them. Once everyone was there we started by singing songs. These songs were
not normal. We sang loud to the King of Kings and Lord of Lords. We danced, we sang, and we all
had smiles on our faces. Then came the slow songs. We swayed back and forth side by side and
sang from the heart. My favorite song we sang was Sanctuary because it was the song where I
was thanking the Lord for my life, and where I could think back and see what God has done for
me. After we got done singing all of these songs we sat down, got comfortable.
As Hannah, one

Veterans Transition Essay
Coming home to nothing; no help, no support, no job, and no one to talk to about their personal
experiences while being deployed. This type lifestyle is something veterans face on a day to day
basis. Transitioning back into society can be difficult, but we as Americans should help them make
this extensive change. The introduction of the book For Love of Country, written by Howard
Schultz and Rajiv Chandrasekaran inspired me to look more into how the American society helps
those who sacrifice their lives so our lives can be free. The introduction also helped with the theme
of veterans and one topic question. What are the common repercussions of veterans leaving the
army and what can American society do to help them? When I first started to research about how
the American society helps discharged soldiers, I first wanted to know what type of help society
offer to them. The article 10 Organizations that Help Veterans Transition to Civilian Life published
by Vista College helped me view a plethora of organizations that offer help to veterans. The Iraq and
Afghanistan Veterans of America (IAVA) organization helps connect veterans to one another and
educate them on, issues and benefits they could get when transitioning... Show more content on
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The article A Guide for Veterans Transitioning to Civilian Careers also published by Vista
College, talks about steps and things veterans should consider taking after they come back from
their service. They first talk about how going back to school is the logical first step, they later
advise how veterans should choose a perfect school for them (A Guide). Then in the article, it
mentions how discharged soldiers can use the GI Bill to help them with their education. This
article itself allows veterans understand how important school should be for them and it s also a
way of society reaching out to

Comparison Of The Everest Of Mount Everest, By Jon Krakauer
Reading Log
Summary
Ch1
Jon Krakauer, the main character/narrator of this novel has reached the summit of Mount Everest.
He realized that his oxygen tanks have depleted. Lots of people are climbing this mount. He need
to wait for it to clear. He tries to conserve the oxygen by closing the oxygen tank. However, his
partner, Harrier, accentually set the tank on full blast. They rushed down the mountain. A large dark
cloud appears in the side of the mountain.
How did others feel about the climb? Their emotion? How scared are the other competitors?
Each of whom has paid as much as 65000 to be taken safely up Everest into an apparent death
Ch2
This chapter shows the history/ how the expedition started. Radhanath Sikdar has calculated the
highest peak which is the Peak XV in the Himalayas. Nepal banned foreigners from entry. By
1949, Nepal let foreigner entry. In 1953, Hillary and Norzay has successfully reach the top of
Everest. Nepal and Tibet need money and rely on service up the mountain for 70,000. Outside
Magazine hired Krakauer (the main character) to complete a report, he did not need to complete the
mountain expedition. However, he uses 2 months to train in climbing Mount Everest and wanted to
reach the top.
What happened to the rest of the people in Chapter 1? what was the mood throughout the training?
Ch 3
Krakauer is flying above India. He has a minor panic because he is flying at the same altitude as
the summit of Everest. He arrived in Kathmandu where he meets Andy Harris, he works for the
mountain guide company. They both have no experience. He meets another climber named Rob
Hall. The novel talk about Hall s history he started his career as a gopher and raised through the
rank. It took him 10 years and 3 attempts to reach the summit of Everest. Ball dies from cerebral
edema. Krakauer goes to base camp with amateurs.
How scared was Krakeur when he notices he is flying at the same altitude? what emotion did he
have realizing that everyone is an ammeter at climbing.
Pg 37 the brochure
Ch 4
Krakauer and his team go towards Everest along the Dudh Kosi (large river)
They arrive at khumba lodge in a small Sherpa town.
Introducing an new character Mike Groom. Mike had his

Types of Personality Tests
My Personality I took two personality test and scored what I think is pretty accurate. The first
test I took was created by a church but still accurate in the psychology field. By taking this test it
would help you figure out if your personality is one of the four types of people. The four types
are choleric, sanguine, phlegmatic or melancholy. Choleric is in short words adventurous,
determined, outspoken, and strong willed. Next is Sanguine which is playful, sociable, lively,
and imaginative. Phlegmatic is said to be thoughtful, adaptable, attentive, and controlled. Last is
Melancholy which is detailed, orderly, persistent, and deep. On this particular test I took a
series of questions and gave an answer that best fitted me. In doing so I found that I have a
primary and secondary personality. My primary personality was Phlegmatic which means I m
relaxed and chilled out so to speak. My secondary personality was Choleric in term means that I
m kind of commanding but like to get the ball rolling. The next test that I took was the Myers
Briggs Preference Questionnaire. I personally think that by taking this test you can up to 3 of 4
personalities depending on your answers. Just like the test before a series of questions was giving
and my results were (INFP). Now (INFP) means Introverted, Intuitive, Feeling, and Prospecting.
Introverted means that a person may prefer to be solitary activities, think before speaking, and may
get exhausted by social interaction. Intuitive

Solar Energy.The Form Of Electromagnetic Energy Emitted
Solar ENERGY The form of electromagnetic energy emitted from the sun and generated by means
of a fusion reaction within the sun.
There are little terms regarding the solar energy. A valuable source of terms is the ISO 9488:1999
standard, which gives the solar energy into three languages:
Absorber Component of a solar collector that collects and retains as much of the radiation from the
sun as possible. A heat transfer fluid flows through the absorber or conduits attached to the absorber.
Absorptance: The ratio of absorbed to incident solar radiation to that of incident radiation.
Absorptivity is the property of absorbing radiation, possessed by all materials to varying extents.
Absorption air conditioning Achieve a cooling effect ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The vogue of these system is based on the fact that relatively simple systems are involved and
solar water heating systems are generally viable. This category of solar systems belongs to the
low temperature heat applications. The world s commercial low temperature heat consumption
is estimated to be about 10 EJ per year for hot water production, equivalent to 6 trillion m2 of
collector area . In 2005, about 140 million m2 of solar thermal collector area were in operation
around the world, which is only 2.3% of the potential . A solar water heater is a combination of a
solar collector array, an energy transfer system, and a storage tank. The main part of a solar water
heater is the solar collector array, which absorbs solar radiation and converts it to heat. This heat is
then absorbed by a heat transfer fluid (water, non freezing liquid, or air) that passes through the
collector. This heat can then be stored or used directly. Because it is understood that portions of the
solar energy system are exposed to weather conditions, they must be protected from freezing and
overheating caused by high insolation levels during periods of low energy demand.
Solar photovoltaic (PV): The transmutation of sunlight directly into electricity by using
photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic systems can be lodge on rooftops, integrated at the top of building
designs and vehicles, or scaled up to megawatt scale power plants.
Solar cell : A solar

Burst Target Audience
Our primary target markets are the younger generations across the U.S. as they tend to be more
open minded to new ideas and represent the future of our country. There are other apps and
services with the aim of promoting political unity. For example, doctoral students at MIT
developed a service called Connect where users enter information about themselves on a
website, and the website helps to arrange in person lunches with people who live in their area
who have been determined to be different from the user. The service was created to help people
broaden their horizons by talking to people who have some things in common, but also have
differences. However, this app is limited to Boston area institutions, so its user base is constrained
in its size and diversity. Because Burst provides a mobile connection rather than a physical one, it
is open to users across the country, and it provides interactions that are even more eye opening,
because users are connected to people from completely different backgrounds.... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, EscapeYourBubble inserts articles from a different perspectives into a user s
Facebook feed to prevent the echo chamber effect of social media. Another app, Perspecs, selects
certain topics and collects three articles from different perspectives related to each topic they
cover, and a third app, Read Across The Aisle, links the user to popular news sources arranged in
order of political leaning, so users can be aware of political bias when choosing a news source.
Ultimately, while these apps have value, they lack a personal connection, which is a major
motivation for potential Burst

How Did Dix s Life Changed
Dix s life changed in 1841, when she began teaching Sunday school at the East Cambridge Jail, a
women s prison. She discovered the alarming treatment of the prisoners, specifically those with
mental illnesses, whose place of residence had no heat. She immediately went to court and ensured
an order to provide heat for the prisoners, along with other advancements. She began traveling
around the state to research the conditions in prisons, and ultimately arranged a document that was
presented to the Massachusetts Legislature, which enlarged the budget to expand the Mental
Hospital at Worcester. Dix was not content with reforms in Massachusetts. She toured the country
documenting the conditions and treatment of patients, campaigning to authorize

The Accidental Prime Minister By Sanjaya Baru
The Accidental Prime Minister by Sanjaya Baru, published in 2014, is an account of former
Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh s two terms in office. Sanjaya Baru was appointed
as Media Adviser to Dr. Manmohan Singh during his first term in UPA 1 from 2004 to 2009. This
book is in the form of a political memoir. The book s narrative follows a chronological format,
painting a picture of Dr. Singh s terms in UPA 1 and UPA 2.
In the introduction to his book, Baru proclaims that none of his predecessors at the Prime
Minister s office ever wrote a full book on his experiences during his tenure. Editors as famous as B
G Verghese, Kuldip Nayar, H K Dua and Prem Shankar Jha chose not to do so. As also bureaucrats
like G Parthasarathi, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Manmohan Singh and it is UPA chief Sonia Gandhi and her gaggle of yes men who are shown up
in a poor light. The book does not disparage him in any manner. This book tries to explain plainly
the power equation between Sonia Gandhi and Dr. Manmohan Singh but does not sensationalize
the issue. It only re affirms what the Indian public knew to be true.
Dr. Manmohan Singh is shown, regrettably, as a helpless, clueless shadow puppet of Sonia Gandhi
who almost arouses our sympathies because of his ineffectiveness in functioning as the Prime
Minister of India. This sad truth was simply being put on record by the primary witness, ie,
Sanjaya Baru, to this political drama.
Baru tell us that Dr Singh was terrified of losing his place in the scheme of things if he did not
kowtow to the High Command, Sonia Gandhi. For Dr. Singh, the Gandhi family came first,
followed by the political party, prime minister s office and, lastly, the

Research Study on Relationships Between Life Satisfaction...
Chapter 1: Introduction
Our research topic is stress and life satisfaction and academic performance. With this research topic,
our group hopes to find out certain pressing matters that affect the daily livelihood of University
students. In general, our research findings will try to answer these questions through the use of
descriptive statistics. To make this finding valid, we are using quota sampling and convenience
sampling methods to collect the data from the samples. The samples we choose is the
undergraduate psychology students.
We will review and rehearse certain journals that correspond with our topic at hand. From our
lateral understanding of these topics, we intend to draw inspiration and formalities of academic
from the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The study used a 5 item Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) developed by Diener et al. (1985)
to measure undergraduate student s life satisfaction and were measured using a 5 point Likert
scale, ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree with a high overall reliability of
0.78 in this study. Students were asked to state their degree of satisfaction with several aspects of
life including educational experience, academic performance, friendships, health and living
environment. Results show that there was a significant negative correlation between the two
variables with higher levels of perceived stress associated with lower levels of satisfaction with life
(Alleyne Greenidge, 2010)
Next, the study conducted by Kamarudin Rafidah, Aris Azizah, Mohd Daud Norzaidi, Siong Choy
Chong, Mohamed Intan Salwani and Ibrahim Noraini from Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
and Putra International College, Melaka, Malaysia was to examine the relationship between stress
factors (health, social and academic) and the level of perceived stress at three different periods of a
semester (beginning, middle and end) and their impact on the academic performance of Pre
Diploma Science students at the University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Malaysia. The
population of the Pre Diploma Science students for the June November 2005 intake in the campus
was 242 and all of the students were chosen as subjects for the survey. 154 complete responses
were returned out of the

Comparing Cinderella And Grimm s Adaptation Of Cinderella
The Grimm version and the Disney version of Cinderella differ regarding the presence of a
godmother s role as well as the discovery of the owner of the glass slipper. To begin, in the
Grimm version, unlike the Perrault version, there is the absence of a fairy godmother. She is
instead replaced by nature which is seen as a female role, therefore the womanly figure manifests
itself. Cinderellaplants the hazel twig her father brings home for her because she wept so much
that her tears fell upon it and watered it (Grimm 2). The twig turned into a beautiful and magical
tree as a result of Cinderella sadness. A symbolic importance is placed on where the tree is
planted. Due to the fact that it lies on top of her mother s grave, it reinforces the idea that her
mother is watching over her and presents herself partially in nature.... Show more content on
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In Cinderella s favour, whenever she expressed a wish, the bird would throw down what she had
wished for (Grimm 2). In the Grim story, the bird acts as the young girl s fairy blessed with the
power to grant her most extravagant wishes. For example, when Cinderella cries out, Shake and
quiver, little tree, throw gold and silver down to me (Grimm 3) the bird quickly throws a
dazzling silver and gold dress along with silk shoes. In addition, the birds are omnipresent and
defend Cinderella when she is being threatened. For example, when one of the stepsisters cuts
off her toe, forces her foot into the shoe, swallows the pain and heads off to see the awaited
prince, the pigeons on the hazel tree cry out Rook di goo, rook di goo! There s blood in the shoe.
The shoe is too tight, This bride is not right (Grimm 5). These pigeons therefore intervene in the
favour of their beloved

Rajput Painting Analysis
Rajput Painting
Throughout the modules of this course we have learned about different elements of Eastern art that
give us the tools to try and understand the complexity that is Indian painting. Indian painting has
dated back many centuries, starting with paintings on pottery coming from the bronze age found in
Baluchistan 3 (17). Since this time until the 17th century (which is when the piece of art I chose),
Indian painting has progressed and developed immensely. I chose art from the Rajput era of
painting, coming from Rajasthan India. Even in the painting I chose for this assignment, you can
see the effects the culture from that time had on the Rajput style of art, in comparison with other
periods of Indian painting. Although there is little information on Rajput painting, the impact this
period had on Indian painting and its development after this period is immense.
Rajasthan India also known as Abode of Princes which contained many distinctive geographical
regions that held different Rajput states each enjoying a nominal independence when they could
escape the attentions of their more powerful neighbors 4 (131). These different states led to the
development of the different styles of Rajput art from the 17th century to the 19th century. Rajput
people lived in a culture that put a lot of emphasis on honour and bravery, their society also
expected these traits not only of men but of women as well 4 (131). The conditions that produced
this type of expectation

The Killing Woods By Lucy Christopher
w. Whilst Emily thinks it will prove to Damon that it was her dad (at this point, Emily is doubting
even her own father), Damon
Resham Baruwal
Mrs. Pomerantz
Senior Essay
12 February 2015
Title
The Killing Woods is a murder mystery written by Lucy Christopher who, ironically, does not
reveal the mystery of who killed a girl named Ashlee and the suffering of Emily Shepherd.
Christopher builds suspicion among characters but the mystery is never resolved. Ashlee Parker
is dead, and Emily Shepherd s dad is accused of the crime. A former soldier suffering from
posttraumatic stress disorder, he emerges from the woods carrying the girl s broken body. It
makes him a suspect but it is not clear he killed Ashlee. His daughter Emily looks for evidence to
prove her father s innocence but she created more suspects. Lucy Christopher adds suspects as the
story goes on and shows how Emily supports her father and finds evidences to make her father a
free man. Christopher creates sympathy towards Emily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I won t tell you who the romance is between, but I felt it was unnecessary and took away from the
murder element, making it a more obviously teenage book. That s just me, though, and I know a
lot of people will appreciate this part.The differentiation between the two narratives is really good,
and you see the effect that both characters have on each other. Lucy Christopher s writing is really
clever; at one point in the book, Emily shows Damon the painting her dad drew. Whilst Emily
thinks it will prove to Damon that it was her dad (at this point, Emily is doubting even her own
father), Damon thinks Emily is showing it to him to prove she knows about The Game , and
thinks that he commited the murder. The Game is a brilliant addition to the book, which I won t
tell you anything about, since I ll give away the whole plot, but it has a really modern twist on the
whole murder

The Possibility Of Evil By Shirley Jackson And The Fall Of...
Secrets Uncovered
Power and Status are Lost as Secrets are Uncovered in The Possibility of Evil by Shirley Jackson
and The Fall of the City by Alden Nowlan
In The Possibility Of Evil by Shirley Jackson and The Fall of the City by Alden Nowlan, Miss
Strangeworth and Teddy experience the loss of their town as a secret is discovered. The
protagonist, Miss Strangeworth, in The Possibility of Evil portrays herself as a sweet and caring
old lady, though her exterior does not mimic her interior. Miss Strangeworth s one duty and job is
to rid her town of any possible evil. She believes she has power and status in her town. However,
once her secret duty is revealed, the town sees Miss Strangeworth as the possibility of evil and
destroy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, Teddy also has very high status and power as he is the ruler of the Kingdom of Upalia.
He is Majesty King Theodore I, resplendent in the red and black of a generalissimo where he
lives in a winter place in Theodoresburg, capital of the Kingdom of Upalia (Nowlan 130). Like
Miss Strangeworth, Teddy takes his role very seriously. Not only does he use complex military
words such as generalissimo , he also takes awhile to make his decisions. While he is eating
dinner, Teddy contemplated his choice, pondering on the tactics that he needs to use in relieving
the siege of the fort by the river (Nowlan 131). Teddy weighs the pros and cons and thinks about
what might happen, If the Upalian army crossed the Tabelian marches, they might succeed in
encircling the Danovans. On the other hand, if they scaled the Theodoran mountains ... [sic]
(Nowlan 131). He plans careful and thoughtful while making decisions. With this knowledge and
power, both Miss Strangeworth and Teddy take their roles in the town very seriously.
In contrast to Miss Strangeworth and Teddy s power and status in their towns, the respect and
value of voice in their own lives are unsimilar. Miss Strangeworth is highly respected in her life,
as she is quite old and carries wisdom. Everyone knows who she is and turns to wave while she is
on her morning walk to the store. When she comes to the grocery store, half a dozen people turn
away from the shelves and the

Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House
In the play, A Doll House by Henrik Ibsen, the title itself symbolizes the dependent and degraded
role of the wife within traditional marriages. Ibsen portrayed the generous nature root into women
by society, as well as the significant action of this nature, and lastly the need for them to find their
own voice in a world ruled by men. Ibsen wrote this play in 1879, this is the era where women were
obedient to men, tend the children until their husband came home, and stood by the Cult of
Domesticity. The cult of Domesticity stated that first, women must be more religious than men,
second be pure in heart, mind and body, third, submit to their husbands and fourth stay home. Ibsen
uses the character of Nora Helmer to emerge the women who does not follow these norms, her
character introduced women to femininity and furthermore the fight towards equal rights. The final
act of A Doll House serves as a universal appeal, when Nora Helmer walked out on her husband and
children it touched the human spirit and awakened human emotions it created a personal
connection with women throughout the world. The final act of A Doll House was known as the
door slam heard around the world.
Kate Chopin s The Story of an Hour written shortly after Henrik Ibsen A Doll House, Chopin
depicts how a marriage at the turn of the nineteenth century changes. Chopin also focuses on
illustrating the role of a woman at the turn of the nineteenth century and how that illustration has
changed compared to the

Tyler Tool Research Paper
What is Tyler Tool?
Tyler Tool is a leading supplier of power tools such as drills, saws, grinders, polishers, sanders
and compressors. The company was founded in 1963 in Mississippi and since then has an
excellent track record of providing the best discounted power tools. Their retail outlets as well as
the online store offer a great collection of tools along with old fashioned service and fast shipping.
How to use a Tyler Toolcoupon?
If you browse the internet you can get hold of many coupon codes and promos that can be used at
the Tyler Tool website. These coupons can help you some great cash discounts. Some of these
coupons many require you to ensure a minimum order amount, so always check that before using
the coupon. Through some

The Anaconda Plan
In 1861, the United States was no longer united and its people were at war, in what is commonly
known as the American Civil War. This left President Abraham Lincoln in a tight spot on how to go
about dealing with the Southern states that had seceded, the Confederacy, who were now at war
with the Northern states, the Union. Lincoln met with his generals to devise a strategy by which
the Confederate states could be brought back into the Union. General Winfield Scott, commanding
general of the Union army, proposed one plan of battle that he had earlier proposed to Major
General George B. McClellan. His plan came to be known as the Anaconda plan. This plan,
although it was never technically adopted, ended up being extremely successful and... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was to prevent them from exporting cotton, tobacco, and other cash crops and to keep them
from importing much needed war supplies. Since cotton was the South s staple product and what
they relied on for economic success, if the trade of this were to be shut down then they would run
out of funds and lose all financial power. The Confederate government was able to purchase a
pound of cotton for as low as 8Вў, and sell it to Europe for as much as 54Вў.This sale was often
above 300% profit while considering the costs of transport.[4] Therefore, if they were to lose
this major source of income, they would begin to crumble and lose any financial power they
could possibly have over the Union. This plan was never adopted mainly due to Winfield Scott s
lack of planning. His proposal for the blockade was not properly a strategy, despite the fact that
it is often referred to by historians as one. It did not estimate the forces that would be needed to
guard the 3000 or more miles of coastline in the seceded states.[5] Nor did it consider an
allocation of resources, set out a time line, or even name points of particular concern. Due to this
lack of planning, Lincoln was extremely skeptical of the plan s possible success. It was because his
doubt of the plan s success that he chose to battle with the Confederacy in ground campaigns, rather
than waiting for a slow strangulation of the Confederacy to occur. In the

Business Logistics And Logistics Of Ups
Business logistics
Introduction
The firm that would be assessed throughout this paper when referring to the topic of business
logistics is UPS. It is a well known courier service which operates in almost every nation in the
world. UPS is known for its quality services such as speedy delivery, best maintenance of cargo,
and the providence of a wide variety of tools that helps the customers in various different prospects,
such as tracking order. This paper would specifically emphasize upon the operations management
and logistics of UPS alongside performing a SWOT analysis of the firm. Finally, some suggestions
will be provided which may help the firm in performing better overall business logistics and
operations management.
1 Critically evaluate the existing process flows in the operations management and logistics with
reference to a literature review on logistics theories.
Let s first have a look at the notion of logistics and then relate it with the operations management of
a courier service such as UPS. Logistics is the deemed as the actionable process of transporting and
temporarily storing different supplies. The category to which a company can efficiently and
effectively do these mentioned duties can differentiate its overall place in itsrelative industry. These
mentioned tasks related to transfer procedures are often a subset of the greatersystem of supply
chain management.This system tends to track items and information among various categories of

Zoos Are A Better For Animals
Zoos date back to centuries ago. In the beginning, they were used to scientifically study the
habits and behaviors of animals. Since then, zoos have changed. Zoos are now not only used for
education, but for modern entertainment. Children love going to the zoo but as people are
starting to get older, they are seeing going to the zoo in different perspectives. There a lots of
questions pertaining to whether or not Zoos doing any good for animals. People may also argue
and say that zoos are good for the animals that can t survive in the wild on their own. Are zoos
benefiting the animals or are they holding them as prisoners? One of the most reputable
organizations, PETA, goes to say that zoos are pitiful prisons . PETA discusses multiple subjects
that really go into depth to help open the eyes of what really goes into play with the animals in
the zoo. Firstly, zoos are cutting back on cost to for the people and business rather than the
animals. Instead of using money to provide a naturalistic home for the animals, money is spent
on landscaping, refreshment stands, and gift shops. PETA goes to explain that the animals are
the ones paying the price, and even sometimes humans. For example, Tatiana, a Siberian tiger,
escaped her substandard enclosure at the San Francisco Zoo in 2007 and was shot to death after
she killed one person and injured two others; she had mauled one of the zookeepers a year earlier.
(Yollin, Patricia) PETA s points go to show that zoos could have some

Julian Of Norwich Showings Analysis
Julian of Norwich was an anchoress, who took on the life of piety for Jesus Christ. She devoted
her life to prayer, contemplation and spiritual teaching. Julian of Norwich Showings is a
wonderful fourteenth century translation that is intensely personal and spiritual. Showings, as
she called them were visions from the Lord that were full of secrets she received while she was
deathly ill. Throughout her life, there were at least three outbreaks of bubonic plague. Dr. Chris
Elwood, in class discussion, stated the first outbreak claimed the lives of approximately forty five
percent of the city of Norwich s population. Some believe this played a major influence on her
spiritual understanding of Godand suffering and the grace that supervened. For Julian, it seems that
the mystery of God was unveiled in thoughtful review that was discovered in the Holy Spirit.
Overall, it appears that the love of God manifested itself in the human flesh of JesusChrist and
simultaneously revealed the Trinity through his suffering, according to Julian. Dale T. Irvin and
Scott W. Sunquist, in History of the World Christian Movement, Volume 1: Earliest Christianity to
1453 state, Christ also revealed the maternal... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Julian of Norwich Showings is exceptionally Pauline. Julian s and Paul s eschatological concerns
are extremely Christological. In the book of Romans, Paul draws the comparison that
redemption came through the second Adam prototype, Jesus: the free gift of grace abound for
many. It appears, Julian draws the same or at least similar conclusions. Julian explains that God
revealed to her that he was good, he was a comforter and he was a help. Julian says, In this little
thing I saw three properties. The first is God made it, the second is that he loves it, the third is that
God preserves

Coach Jim Harbaugh s Takeover Case Study
The Michigan Wolverines first year under new head coach Jim Harbaugh has concluded. With a
crushing defeat over the Florida Gators in the Buffalo Wild Wings Citrus Bowl, the Wolverines
capped an impressive 2015 16 campaign with double digit victories (10 3). Michigan
quarterback Jake Rudock threw for 278 yards and three scores in the 41 7 blowout of Florida,
showing his development under Harbaugh. Looking for proof of Harbaugh s ability to develop
quarterbacks? Look no further than the fifth year Wolverines signal caller this past season.
Rudock began the season with an atrocious road performance against Utes in Utah, throwing three
picks, including an interception that was returned for the game winning touchdown. In the 12
games following the 24 17 loss to Utah, Rudock threw 18 touchdowns and just 6 interceptions.
The Wolverines quarterback finished the season with more than 3,000 yards through the air,
completing nearly 65 percent of his passes. Harbaugh s first year in Ann Arbor, Mich. was
nothing short of spectacular, especially considering it followed the Wolverines disappointing 5 7
campaign in 2014. However, former Michigan head coach Brady Hoke s recruiting job shouldn t be
overlooked. Skill position players such as wide... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to Walker, the Wolverines will add the 11th best linebacker in the class, Devin Bush
Jr. Bush Jr. could see his fair share of playing time in his first season due to Michigan s departing
talent at linebacker. Seniors Joe Bolden and Desmond Morgan served as the veteran leaders for a
resurgent Wolverines defense under former defensive coordinator and current Maryland Terrapins
head coach D.J. Durkin. Heading into the offseason, Michigan has a glaring gap at linebacker.
However, junior linebacker Ben Gedeon will return for his senior season after recording 34 tackles
for the Wolverines last

Diane Arbus Research Paper
American actress Emma Stone once stated, What sets you apart can sometimes feel like a burden
and it s not. And a lot of the time, it s what makes you great. Everyone must accept that they are
different in order to release a burden and reach their full potential. One can achieve great things
following this rule. Diane Arbus was an American photographer, she lived 1923 1971( Diane
Arbus , 2010). Diane Arbus created acceptance for the freaks in the worldby focusing on them in her
photos, she innovated the field of photographyby doing so, and illuminated the world and
civilization s views.
She created art, starring non traditional people. Diane grew up pampered and with a strong sense
of what was and wasn t acceptable. ( Diane Nemerov Arbus. , 1998). The sense of being immune
to the hardships of life seemed hard for her. She had always fantasised but never shared it with
anyone. She did not show her diverse ideas until she was an adult, following her dream as a
photographer. She took photos of people often seen as ugly in society. Such as dwarfs, giants, gays,
circus performers, those mentally challenged, and non traditional ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
She did things different, she didn t play by the rules. Instead of taking pictures of beautiful
people, normal people, or nature. She took pictures of freaks , people seen as ugly in society.
Diane did this because she didn t agree, she had challenges of course. People didn t agree with
her way of thinking,some questioned her ethics. She also went through a tough divorce, she
married Allen Arbus in 1941. They had two children together, Amy and Doon Arbus ( Diane
Arbus , 2010). In 1969 they divorced, after twenty eight years of marriage. This lead to Dianes
depressed periods, some days were worse than others. Ultimately leading to her suicide on July 26,
1971, at 48 years old ( Diane Nemerov Arbus , 1998). Two years after her divorce with Allen

Current Services And Programs For Suicide Prevention Program
Current Services and Programs As a social worker, I know that my clients are coming to me in a
time in their lives where they need help, and some these clients are affected by suicide.
Therefore, I must be aware of the current programs and service being utilized in the field of
practice to prevent suicide. In this section, I will be identifying current services and programs
aimed at preventing suicide among military service members and veterans. Additionally, I will
address the effectiveness of these programs and services, what research has been conducted to
evaluate these services, and what still needs to be explored. My primary focus in my review of
these programs and services will be the role of social worker, and how the social worker... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The suicide prevention program is driven and maintained by military leaders (i.e. officers and non
commissioned officers) and military social workers who actively support/contribute to the entire
program and the initiatives within the community. Military leaders ensure that every service
member receives annual suicide prevention training through PME conducted by military leaders.
Additionally, the military has issued guidelines (which are military policies) for how commanders
can reduce the stigma of mental health services by creating a positive culture climate. Commanders
use the Commanders Consultation Assessment Tool, to gain insight into unit strengths and areas of
vulnerability, as well as, creating a positive climate culture. This tool also teaches service members
to recognize the signs and symptoms of distress in themselves and others and to take protective
action and encourage others to do the same. The goal he is to foster a culture of early help seeking,
without judgment. The AFSPP also provides leaders and VA personnel with an Investigative
Interview Policy. This policy states, Following any investigative interview when suicidality is
suspected, the investigator is required to hand off the individual directly to the commander, first

Climate And Paleoclimatology
4.0 Measuring and Noticing the Change
4.1 Paleoclimatology
The Earth has maintained records of its climatic conditions in glaciers and ice caps, sediments from
lakes and oceans, within the skeletons of coral reefs, as well as tree rings. The study of these
samples is known as paleoclimatology. These environmental recorders can be used by scientists to
estimate past conditions. Common findings from paleoclimatologists (those who study
environmental evidence to gain insight on what the past climate was like and why) indicate that the
Earth s climate is always changing. Further examination shows that the Earth s climate is able to
drastically shift in a matter of years or decades. A main focus in paleoclimatology is to distinguish
whether the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the layers are marked based on seasonal variations in snow, the isotopic composition of the
precipitation is examined further to determine the temperature when and where the snow fell.
Similarly, examining the isotopic properties of wind blown dust allows for the material to be
traced back to its origin. Anything that is within the atmosphere has the potential to end up in an
ice core, and more often than not remains unchanged over time. Trapped gases in air bubbles are
highly reliable records of atmospheric composition. Slight differences between bubbles and air
composition caused by gravitational and thermal effects, are well understood and recognizable.
Certain chemical reactions in impure ice can possibly produce abnormal compositions for some
gases. However, due to the close association of the gas and ice chemistry, it is a clear indicator of
climate change (Г“skarsson, 2004). Ice core records are generally cross referenced with other ice
core records along with other methods of instrumental climate records to confirm findings.
Statistical and physical analyses are needed to put small, one time changes into perspective.
Meanwhile, large changes in the concentrations of most materials in ice, reflect changes in their
atmospheric loading.
Similar to layers of snow accumulating on top of glaciers or ice caps, billions of tons of sediment
accumulate on the ocean floor and in lake basins each year and

Rhetorical Analysis Of Andrew Sinek s Ted Presentation
1. Use a contrarian approach. Make a statement of a universally accepted concept, then go against
conventional wisdom by contradicting the statement. For example, a market trader starts by
contradicting the commonly held advice of buying low and selling high. He says: It s wrong.
Why? Because buying low typically entails a stock that s going in the opposite direction down
from the most desired direction up. This is a provocative opening that engages the audience right
away.
2. Ask a series of rhetorical questions. A common way to engage the audience at the startis to ask a
rhetorical question. Better still, start with a series of rhetorical questions. A good example of this
tactic is Simon Sinek s TED presentation. He starts with: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
That s over 31 million football fields of rainforest each year.
5. Provide a reference to a historical event. There are times when the day that you present may
have some significance in history that can be tied to the subject of your presentation, as an
opening gambit. You can easily look up what happened on any day in Today In Sport or a more
general site such as This Day In History. You never know what pertinence it might have that will
add some pizzazz to your presentation. It s worth a look.
6. Use the word imagine. The word imagine invites the audience to create a mental image of
something. Ever since John Lennon s famous song, it has become a powerful word with
emotional appeal. A particularly skillful use of the word occurs in Jane Chen s TED talk. She
speaks about a low cost incubator that can save many lives in underdeveloped countries. Chen
opens by saying: Please close your eyes and open your hands. Now imagine what you could
place in your hands, an apple, maybe your wallet. Now open your eyes. What about a life? As
she says this, she displays a slide with an Anne Geddes image of a tiny baby held in an adult s
hands. There is power in asking the audience to conjure up their imagination, to play along. This
tactic can easily be adapted to any topic where you want the audience to imagine a positive
outcome, or a vision of a better tomorrow. It

Mommy Book Report
Mom? Dad? Where do babies come from? asked one of my children not too long ago. You might
sense a little sarcasm if I say this is every parent s favorite question. We wait with anxiety for this
question to be asked! But let s be realistic: it is probably not every parent s preferred one. How
about, Dad? How do babies get into a mommy s tummy and how do they come out? This inquiry
certain triumphs over the previous one. Questions are formed as minds and hearts contemplate the
information they are exposed to. Answers are pursued when the human soul undergoes the
searching process to discover the meaning of life and God. Consequently, Nicodemus devoted
himself during the day reflecting on Jesus words and actions and the evening seeking... Show more
Furthermore, we acknowledge that children also have a need to be reborn in water and the
Spirit. Therefore, they are baptized as soon as possible because their parents, as well as the
Church, cannot deny them the gift of becoming children of God. Indeed, infant baptism testifies
that God says yes to us in love even before we can say yes to Him in faith while summoning the
community to look after and support one another s faith journey. Nevertheless, Baptism puts us on
the path of salvation and new life but does not guarantee that we will arrive at the end of this path.
Therefore, we must look for, encounter, and walk with Christ Jesus daily on this earth to heaven
journey. He is truly the Way, the Truth, and the Life that will guide, enlighten, and empower us.
Certainly, the Second Person of the Trinity became man for our salvation and offers us new life
through the sacraments, with the help of His Spirit, and in Him who is the True Vine. (Jn

La Reina Del Sur Analysis
In order to fully comprehend the roles of women portrayed within this society, a brief examination
of traditional roles associated with males involved in the narcocultura of Latin America and the
telenovela must transpire. This is because the latter often dictates tremendous proportions of the
lives of the adjoining women. An image of a warrior or Robin Hood like figure is often used to
represent the males in these societies, with a longing to triumph, succeed, and to exude his male
energy in many different ways. Although these attributes appear to be positives they inevitably
come at the sacrifice of their femalecounterparts. This representation is no different to that seen in
La Reina del Sur . Men undeniably control every aspect... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The traditional effeminate characteristics portrayed within the psyche of many female characters
introduced in La Reina del Sur not excluding Teresa first presented in Sinaloa, revolve around their
physique and nature, with the outcomes of the female characters often being defined relative to the
impact of the male hero . This issue more often than not leads to female characters being silent,
mistreated, oppressed and/or rescued, perfectly captured through a genuine statement made by the
protagonist s first love El GГјero DГЎvila as he unknowingly encapsulates the insignificance of
women caught in the narco world Porque, si a mГ me va muy bien, tГ tambГen pero, si me va mal,
es requete gacho . Even though El GГјero spoke about Teresa from nowhere but a place of love,
much of what he had to say completely disregarded her life and opinion. While the telenovela
travels through Mexican, Spanish, Moroccan, Russian and Colombian cultures the prejudices faced
by women are unchanging. The lives of women within the narco world can in no way dictate the
lives of the men. Considering this, the emergence of Teresa as the telenovela develops and her
complete ignorance of the traditional culture sets up the story to not only be considered an
entertaining thriller but a means of tackling cultural flaws that have been seen for

Neuropathic Pain
Pain can be classified based on its type. It can be acute, cancer or chronic of by pathophysiology
that can either be visceral or somatic. Neuropathic pain is the pain ensuing from injury to the tissues
hence causing nerve dysfunction. Neuropathic pain is therefore described as a shooting, throbbing,
or cold sensation. Cancer paincan also be defined as the pain that arises from both neuropathic and
nociceptive pain. It is therefore important to identify the mechanisms as well as different forms of
pain considering that selective treatment helps improve the outcomes of pain control.
Interventional pain management may also be used in the case of patients with advanced and
terminal illness having unmanageable pain relief. Several techniques

The Latest BMW M6 Gran Coupe
The Latest BMW M6 Gran Coupe
The German automaker s extravagance sports vehicle is dependent upon the standard M6. It
reveals practicality as two doors and a useful boot yet holds the identical brute aspects that make it
a remarkably quick BMW. A four door coupe, inferred from the 6 Series stage, acquires the standard
BMW kidney grille, swoopy headlights and elongated hood (concealing a huge engine beneath) and
lively bumper which supplements an extensive cross section air admission.
You won t miss the exciting features in this stunning upgraded M6 once you take the chance to try
it. Have a ride and isolate these through your own experience. We mean it what we say!
1.Extensive engineering features The side profile takes after that of the 5 series and the 3 series
because of the comparative lines and air movement optimized folds. The auto has been shod with
lively M spec 20 inch composite wheels. A discernible feature for the M6 Gran Car is the
difference shaded top that supplements the C pillar that streams into the boot lid.
2.M6 Gran Car gets covering around tail lights and sporty bumper at the back with quad exhausts.
Then again, notwithstanding the German automaker being known for making sleeper performance
autos, this one has obviously sporty lines at the once more with the message being fortified by the
M performance badge on the right.
The insides incorporate all the standard BMW extravagance features yet now the lodge gets
extravagant Alcantara upholstery

Cultural Religions In Ancient China
In ancient china there were two main cultural religions.These were Taoism and Buddhism.
Taoism is China s oldest religion. At one time, the land called China was the home of numerous
peoples with different racial origins. All these ethnic groups probably had their own special gods
and religious beliefs. Over time, kingdoms and empires grew in various areas and started
incorporating more and more people into them. One common theme in these kingdoms and
empires was a belief in life after death as can be seen in ancient tombs all over China. So people had
to pay homage to and care for the dead. Some Chinese have fear of the dead, and they try to obey
the dead or appease them. Another idea that is very strong in Chinese philosophyis as Chinese

Sexism Definition Essay
When was the last time you really thought about gender equality or sexism, and how it could be
affecting you? Sexism has been around for who knows how long, but it seems that just recently
people have started to do something about it. There are major movements and websites like
now.org and National Women s Day. It is has only been 95 years since women have been able to
vote in the United States, which was made possible by the 19th amendment. Yes, we have had big
success so far, but that doesn t mean the fight is over yet. Sexismis a serious issue that should no
longer be around, simply because it hurts too many women all over the world. First of all, looking
up the definition of sexism will get you many different definitions. The world s most used search
engine defines it as prejudice, stereotyping, or discriminating, typically against women, on the basis
of sex [gender] (Google). A different source defines the term gender equality as ...the view that men
and women should receive the equal treatment and should not be discriminated against based on
gender, (Billing). Equality, to most, means we want to be treated with equal respect, but not the
same as the next person (Billing). Women, men, and everyone... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The workplace is one the most common places to experience casual sexism that you may or may
not notice (Google). Also known as occupational sexism or employment sexism, it occurs when
someone, typically a man with a higher position, is sexist towards a woman. At work women are
supposed to be kind and modest. If they show emotions not of that nature they will be shamed and
given a demotion to a smaller position (Wikipedia). Sexual harassment is a form of employment
sexism. Any intimate comment or action could be considered sexual harassment if you don t have
consent ( Inequalities of Work Boundless Open Textbook ). It s not hard to make an attempt of
stopping occupational

Cultural Culture Courtship And Marriage
Cultural relativism says that we must examine cultural practices within a cultural context, seeking
to understand different practices from the eye of those who practice them. It is sometimes hard to
understand other cultures from an emic perspective, and there is a tendency to favor your culture,
viewing it as superior. It is helpful to change your perspective, assuming an outside view towards
your culture and taking an inside look at another. Over the course of this paper, I will explain my
American Culture courtshipand marriagetraditions through the etic eye to show the perspective to
an outsider, and I will examine an aspect of the Sub Saharan African polygyny marriage from an
emic perspective to become familiar with this lifestyle.
In this section, I will examine the American culture in courtship and marriage from an etic
perspective. As Crapo(2013) describes etic as etic models invariably describe cultures in ways that
seem alien to its participants but facilitate comparisons between cultures and the discovery of
universal principles in the structure and functioning of cultures (p.27). In the article Body Ritual
among the Nacierema, Miner(1956) describes an aspect of the Nacierema culture from an etic
perspective, allowing readers to realize the Nacierema are Americans. From an etic eye, Americans
practice probably seems as strange to an outsider, as their culture is to ours. In American culture,
there is courtship and marriage. Courtship in

Essay on Causes Of The Pelopenesian War
The Causes of the Peloponessian War
Ancient Greece during the 4th century B.C. was home to the city states of Sparta and Athens.
These two communities were the superpowers of the region during that time. The peloponnesian
war between these two states evolved out of a string of events that would lead to years of conflict.
When looking for a single cause of the peloponnesian war none can be found. Over time many
events contributed to the eventual war between Sparta and Athens. I believe the peloponnesian war
evolved because of Athenian support for Spartan enemies, Spartan alarm at a rise in Athenian power,
and the drastic differences between the two cultures. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Spartans were not eager for war.
After the Persian wars there was a development of Athenian control over the commercial and
economic life of Greece. This growth was caused by the Persian wars themselves. Athens faced a
mighty foe in Persia and therefore formed the Delian League. This league was an alliance of cities
based around Athens. Each city contributed funds to the construction and maintenance of a vast
navy for use against the Persian threat. After the wars Athens dominated the Delian league and
declared the contributions from each city mandatory even though the Persian menace was gone.
Over time these allied cities came under direct Athenian control and the Athenian Empire began to
grow. The large navy was still maintained after the war and Athens, already a naval power in the
region tightened its grip on the neighboring waters including those that surrounded the peloponnese.
This had the effect of enclosing Sparta s peninsula in a blanket of Athenian naval power. To the
Spartans this development was one of considerable worry. The historian Thucydides wrote; The
growth of the power of Athens, and the alarm which this inspired (in Sparta), made war inevitable.
This comment validates the seriousness of Spartan worry and its contribution to the sparking of the
peloponnesian war. Sparta s geography left it vulnerable in some ways. The

Open By Andre Agassi Essay
Open by Andre Agassi
Through the eyes of an eight year old, Andre Agassi shares his private life and background of
becoming a world famous tennis player, in his autobiography Open from 2009. Already from the
beginning Andre Agassi narrates about the family s more or less tense relationship to each other
and how the tennis player s career is affected of his social heritage. This is the three main themes
Andre Agassi gets around in his story about his early life.
First, Andre Agassi tells about the grandmother s relationship with the father, the mother and
himself. There is a continuously negative and tense tone, and it is easy that the narrator does not
like his father s mother. He even says, I m only eight, but I ll drive her to the airport myself...
followed with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SГёren Kierkegaard s father was a dark and tough man, who made SГёren Kierkegaard notice the
darker sides of life. It inspired him to create the philosophy he had. This is a bit like Andre Agassi s
father who also is a part of the reason why Andre Agassi ends up being a famous tennis player.
His father is very negative and pressures Andre Agassi a lot. SГёren Kierkegaard s father is just
affecting SГёren Kierkegaard by his own way of seeing life, not by pressure. Also the two famous
males have two more passive mothers.
As a conclusion of Andre Agassi s autobiography Open one can say that the relationships
between the generations is not as good as it could be. The grandmother harasses her son and this
son and father pressures Andre Agassi. The relationships are very negative in a lot of ways, but
either way it ended up shaping the world famous tennis player. This is also how his life and career
has been affected by his social heritage. But that might just be the message; diamonds are made
under

Boston Massacre
The British soldiers were anything but loved by the American colonists in the 1770s. They
maliciously planned an attack on the soldiers because of their hate. Many townspeople gathered
together in effort to strike against the British presence. The men were just doing their job trying to
keep order in Boston, but the people still taunted them. The soldiers were being tried for murder
because they fired at the people, but those charges should not have existed. The crowd initially
attacked the soldiers, not the other way around. It was also dark out so the soldiers did not know
of the number of colonist attackers. The soldiers heard the word fire coming from the crowd,
confusing the voices with Captain Preston s. The incident referred to as the... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the time it is for the greater good of the strategy put in place. However, in the case of
what happened in Boston, the soldiers heard a different order than what was commanded by
Captain Thomas Preston. According to Newton Prince, the crowd kept daring the soldiers with
words such as Damn you why don t you fire? and even called them lobsters. A constant taunting
will cause uneasiness with anyone, causing the feeling of distress. When in a state of distress, it
is common for people to become more sensitive to surroundings and even confuse voices. When
hearing the word fire continuously from the crowd, it would only make sense that the soldiers
confused one of the attacker s voices with the captains as it was dark out and hard to tell that it
was not the Captain s. However, it was not the Captain s because multiple witnesses, such as
Newton Prince, Matthew Murray, and Peter Cunningham, were standing within four feet of him
and did not hear or see the word fire come from his lips. Captain price did say the words Don t
fire, stop your firing . With all of the noise coming from the crowd it is possible that the soldiers
did not hear the whole sentence and thought the orders were to continue firing. There was too much
commotion for a dark

Taming Of The Shrew Identity Essay
Identity Two liquids lie in front of someone, one is clear as crystals and sits in a golden cup
labeled water, the other is in a bottle encrusted with mud and grime labeled with a skull and
crossbones. Both have lids sealed on tight. Which should one drink? As the liquid pours out of
the golden cup, it smells of chemicals and is poisonous to taste. On the contrary, the liquid from
the dirty bottle is pure and clear. Should one still drink from the golden cup? The way something
appears or is identified as is not always true. Sometimes a deeper look is needed to see what is
inside. The movie 10 Things I Hate About you and the play Taming of the Shrew by William
Shakespeare both deal with how identities assigned by society can affect the way people act, no
matter who they truly are, and this is seen through the actions of multiple characters throughout
both the play and the movie. If someone is identified as a bitter person, no matter what he or she
does,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sometimes a deeper look is needed to see what is inside. In Shakespeare s play, The Taming of
the Shrew and in the movie 10 Things I Hate About You the underlying theme of identity stands
out to show this. No matter how much characters change, they are still viewed with old
identities. However, they both also show that no matter how society treats people, if they want
to, they can be true to themselves and break the rules of society s judgments. In addition, both
plots show that people act the way they do for a reason. Now, two liquids sit in front of
someone. One in a beautiful golden cup, the liquid is as clear as crystal, and the label says
water. Next to it sits a bottle encrusted with mud and grime labeled with a skull and crossbones.
Both have lids sealed on tight. Which should the person drink? Perhaps before a drink is taken
the lids should be removed. Identities can be deceiving. One needs to take a closer look to see
what truly lies

Murders In The Rue Morgue
In The Murders in the Rue Morgue a story about solving a murder case, Edgar Allan Poe presents
a critique on strict logical analysis in life. Dupin struggles with accepting the logic of the police
that are trying to solve the murder, which is represented by Dupin s special reasoning power and
how Dupin knew what to do when the police could not find an answer to the murders (Poe 2 4).
With the changing of acts from Parts 1 2 to Part 3 Poe goes from vividly descriptive language on
ingenuity to a vicious critique on pure analytical thinking, Poe dismisses the common view at the
time that everything can, and should, be explained through analytical reasoning. The echoes of war
can be heard from the two forces trying to solve the murders. Poe... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The second paragraph on the second page seems to say that Poe, like many other romantic
inspired writers at the time, sees that the power of unusual reasoning and analytical reasoning to
be two entirely different abilities (Poe). Poe even chooses to change his description of Dupin s
reasoning ability from special to unusual, signifying an uncanny ability that Dupin has that the
unnamed narrator has never experienced before(Poe 2). But at the end of the paragraph Poe
shows the harshness of Dupin s gift. Though Poe continues to use visual imagery such as, His
eyes looked empty and far away, his choice of descriptive terms begins to intensify (Poe 2). Two
Dupins suggests that Dupin himself has two sides to him, the special reasoning side and the
unusual reasoning side (Poe 2). The special reasoning side is seen as the one who coldly put
things together and the unusual reasoning aspect to Dupin is viewed as the part of him that
would just as coldly took them apart, which shows Poe s conflict with how much ingenuity should
be within a person (Poe 2). Already Poe is shifting from a complete trust in unbelievable reasoning
ability to a more skeptical view of it as a

7 Sacraments
The History of the Seven Sacraments of the Catholic Church The followers of the Roman Catholic
religion participate in seven sacraments of the church that bring them closer to God s love and
kingdom. The blessed sacraments are experienced throughout different stages of life from birth to
death. The sacraments start with baptism; the rebirth through holy water. The next sacrament is
first communion, the spiritual nourishing as a result of eating and drinking Christ s body and
blood. Then, to clear the presence of sin, followers are given their first confession or reconciliation;
Gods way of forgiving sinners. After reconciliation the next sacrament in the Roman Catholic
Churchis confirmation, the confirming of baptismal gifts under the followers

Environmental Issues Of Human Rights Violations
At both the international and domestic levels, defining the environmental issues as human rights
violations in legal terms is a complex task. However, in the last decade, petitions and suit cases
against climate change issue were gradually filed. In 2006, the first suit case against the
Environmental Protection Agency was reached to the U.S Supreme Court (Aminzade, 2006). A
petition claimed that climate change through emissions and air pollutants caused harm to public
health and welfare. This case grabbed the attention of multiple environmental agencies; it also
gained support from political and human rightsactivists figures (Aminzade, 2006). Another petition
in 2004 by Inuit claimed that the U.S climate change policy violated the human rights to life, the
right to health, and movement (Goldberg Wagner, 2004). The Inuit petition describes how climate
change is affecting the Arctic environment on which the Inuit depend. It argued that climate change
violates the Inuit rights, including the right to life, health, and property. Based on the petition, the
Inuit s right to life is violated because critical food resources are threatened by climate change, and
unpredicted weather events can cause loss of life (Knox, 2009). The Inuit community also argued
that climate change interferes with their right to health by damaging fish on which they depend on
for nutrients, and by diminishing the quality of their drinking water and increasing the spread of
diseases (Knox, 2009).

Book Report On The Chocolate War By Robert Cormier
The Chocolate War The main character in the novel The Chocolate War , written by Robert
Cormier, is a freshman named Jerry Renault. This bold character tries to disinvolve himself from
a big problem in his High School Trinity. The problem involves the Chocolate sales and his
defiance. He feels that he can exercise his rights that the chocolate sales are voluntary and he
does not need to do it if he doesn t want to. He has his mind set to not sell the chocolate s but
some people get in his way. Jerry helps himself because of his various traits like being a leader,
introverted, good person. Jerry has a personality of a leader. When everyone else choose to sell
the chocolates because they were scared of Brother Leon and the Vigils, he was the only one to
say no. But after the assignment from the vigils he still decided to say no and that s where things
went left. So then he decided to just go home and explain to his father the case that he s in and ask
how he could get him out.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After his father explained to him what to do and how he could help. He decided to protest against
Brother leon and The Vigils about the chocolate sales saying that they were a voluntary fundraiser.
But then people started treating him like an outcast like he s a different type of species. I think
most kids in his grade wouldn t even think about double crossing The Vigils or Brother

Comparing Plato s Cave Allegory And The Matrix
Both Plato s Cave Allegory and the matrix discuss the topic of truth and illusion. In both of the
story it was established that we humans live in the darkness, an illusion which is merely the
shadow of the truth. However, once in a while a person will wake up from the illusory dream and
realized the cold hard truthof reality. Should that person overjoyed of the fact that he or she
discovered the truth or should that person weep in sorrow since he or she can no longer go back
and continuing living in the shadow? In both Plat s Cave Allegory and the matrixthose who were
thrown out of their illusions into the cold hard truth end up having to deal with the consequence
that comes from realizing it. Whether it is becoming a social outcast,... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is also the mentality that gave protagonists described in the Cave Allegory and the Matrix
so much trouble, it is difficult for people to change their established perception about the world,
especially when it was already accepted by the majority. Thus there is no good in knowing the
truth even if it is good and wonderful, because what that get you are the risks of being labeled as
social outcast. For example, what if a person told you that Donald trump have escaped the cave of
chains and realized the greater reality and what he has been doing and trying to do all these time
have been attempting to enlighten us: the people who are still in chains, what would you think?
Obviously you will believe that person who told you this is being ridiculous and probably need
mental health treatment. But what if the entire world buys into that fact? Then it is likely for you
to change your mind. Since you must have realized that is no way the entire world can be wrong
and even if you do have a different opinion you would likely to doubt your stance. Most importantly
you don t want to be sent to mental hospitals. Due to concept the herd mentality that we humans
inherently have, there is no benefit in knowing the truth unless you can convince the entire world;
otherwise then you are merely a heretic to the majority

Challenges Faced By The World Today
CONCLUSION
Security is one of the major challenges that is being faced by the world today, as seen by continuous
revelations about breaches and incidents. On this note of insecurity and unpredictability, banking
industry is keen to redefine its approach to security thereby making an attempt to balance three
critical factors i.e. cost, innovation and risk. On parallel grounds, the domain of internal security is
undergoing drastic changes that mandates banking institutions to embrace new set of skills and
practices. Fraud can be categorized as a business risk it is like a sword of Damocles over a bank s
future. This must change for the good. The rapid pace with which the technology is changing, like
the recent explosion of cellular customers, is often entailed by necessary evils. An unstoppable
tsunami is engulfing banks with their employees and clients carrying their private electronic
gadgets to work. Similarly, applicants for BYOD has surged and simultaneously it accelerates the
rate of security threats, both ethically and technologically. Online banking proves to be the
antithesis of all the innovations of security professionals due to their identifiable features such as
their mobility, richness in data and susceptibility to theft.
Threat modelling and vulnerability assessment offers new insights that facilitates a more pro active
approach to security, provided organizations pay equal focus to the ever growing market of
potential threats. It should be acknowledged that

The Legacy Of Abraham Cahan
Jews have been lashed out on, time and time again throughout history, but one man who saw this
hatred for Jews first hand and tried turning the tables, was a man by the name of Abraham Cahan.
He is known as being the first prominent writer to emerge from the biggest wave of Jewish
immigration from Russia, but he was much more than just a writer. He was an editor and critic of
several New York newspapers, a sociologists reformer, and a teacher of English to many Jewish
immigrants following in his footsteps. Cahan valued his Jewish religion, but not only that, he
valued language and in particular English and Yiddish which he wrote in. He believed in telling the
story of immigration through fiction which he did in his literature, by taking... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This is just one battle in a continuous war against maintaining his religion, but he had a
changing world around him tearing him apart from it. In this constant war, he ends up having to
flee Europe in particular Russia, because he gets tangled in a mess involving an assassination
attempt of the Czar. This journey leads him to America, where he is first greeted by the Statue
of Liberty at Ellis Island. When Cahan came to America many things changed for him, he was
forced to leave behind his old life and try his hardest to assimilate himself into American culture.
He left behind many aspects of his culture, but was still able to continue on with many of them.
One piece of his life that was hardest to maintain was his language. Although he held onto
Yiddish, Russian, and Hebrew, he immediately had to learn English which soon became a large
part of his career and what made him so astounding.America is said to be the home of the free, and
this is what so many immigrants desired when coming to America, and Cahan was no exception.
He was a tremendous aid to those immigrants by devoting the first years of his life in America to
teaching English. While doing this, he also lectured and wrote articles on Jewish life in the city for
countless New York magazines. Within these articles he answers many questions on tough
arguments, mostly circled around religion. An example of one

Hong Kong Airlines Marketing Plan for India
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
MSc Marketing Management
MM579 International Marketing
Group Project
Hong Kong Airlines
Expansion to India as a Low cost Carrier
Group Members:CHAN Ho Yan Anna (12016408g) CHAN Ling Yin Minty (12016376g) CHAN
Tsz Ho Will (12017495g) LAM Yiu Hang Eric (12017557g)
SUN Tsz Han Candy (12024075g)
Table of Content
1.Introduction3 2.Current Marketing Mix4 3.Current Marketing Strategy6 4.SWOT Analysis9
5.Expansion to India12 Market Analysis12 International Market Plan14 Potential Challenges17
6.Conclusion18 7.References19
1. Introduction
The purpose of this project is to develop an international marketing plan for Hong ... Show more
| Demographic Segment| Gender * Male gt; 70% * Female lt; 30%Age * Below 30: 28% * 31 50:
60%Annual Income Level (in RMB) * Below 60k: 12% * gt;60k 100K: 23.3% * gt;100k 150k:
31.5% * gt;150k 200k : 9.4% * gt;200k 400k: 8.9% * gt;400k: 14.9%| Travel Purpose| * Business
travel: 71% * Vacation/others: 29%|
Figure 3.1Segmentation of Hong Kong Airlines Passenger
Competitors of Hong Kong Airlines
High price
Low price
Low service quality
High service quality
Figure 3.2 Perceptual Map of Competitors
The vertical and horizontal axes of Figure 3.2 represent price and service level respectively. Hong
Kong Airlines is located at the bottom right corner because it provides reasonable service level with
competitive price.

Dragonair and Tiger Airways both operate on similar routings as Hong Kong Airlines. With
Dragonair positioning as a premium brand while Tiger Airways being a low cost carrier, they are
selected for a more detailed competitor analysis.
Dragonair
Dragonair is an international airline based in Hong Kong, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of
the flagship carrier of Hong Kong Cathay Pacific. It aims to offer customers enjoyable and
comfortable flying experience via its full scope of services and quality cabin products.
Its customers demographic profile is very close to that of Hong Kong Airlines: 85% of the

Essay Volcanoes
Affects of Volcanoes
The plates which are about 20 miles thick, make up the earth s crust and are a chief cause of
volcanic activity. These plates are always in motion. They move very slowly, however some at
times bump in to each other. These movements put a lot of pressure on the surface rock. Volcanoes
obtain their energies from such movement and pressure. Volcanoes form at the boundaries of
these plate where two types of movement occurs, two plates will collide with each other or the
plates will move apart from each other. Some of these plates layers are cooled and are made up of
rigid rocks.
The affects on the landscape is lava that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also lava flow is more life threatening but can produce a lot of property damage as well as
economic loss. Volcanicash can collapse roofs and damage crops, especially if they become wet
from rainfall. Debris flows called lahars that are mixtures of volcanic debris and water made from
melted snow or ice or heavy rainfall. If anything comes in the path of lahar can destroy and also
travel quickly through valleys.
Indirect hazards are usually non volcanic effects that accompany or follow eruptions. Examples
are rainfall caused debris flow, and post eruption disease and famine. Tsunamis are large seismic
sea waves generated by sudden movement of the seafloor. This sudden seafloor movement can be
caused by a large earthquake or by the collapse of an island volcano during or after an eruption.
Tsunamis can devastate low lying coastal areas and can be deadly if people living in such areas are
not evacuated. Indirect hazards also include volcanic deposits from large eruptions. These deposits
can blanket farm fields and grazing lands, leading to the loss of crops and livestock and ultimately
to the starvation of people dependent on them for life. During the period from the 17th century to
the 19th century, tsunamis and posteruption starvation and disease caused most eruption related
deaths.
Possible future activity can be noticed sometimes by predicting the next

Simplicity By William Zinsser
William Zinsser is an American writer who wrote an informational guide to writing. He made a
decision to revise a specific chapter called Simplicity. In the year 1980, the first version of
Simplicity was created, then came 1998 followed up by 2006. In the first version, 1980, Zinsser
created a long and wordy paper. He used specific examples but included details that were
unnecessary. This is ironic because the paper is about how writers can write unnecessary words
and phrases creating complicated sentences. He was not inclusive of gender, naming men as
writers and only using wives as examples of distraction. This draft had a complete count of 20
paragraphs. The 1998 version had few changes when compared to the 1980 s version. There... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Paragraph 2 2006) He changed viscous language to clotted language. This makes sense, he used
a more commonly used word to this time period making it readable to a younger generation of
readers and writers. (Paragraph 2 2006) He took out on Christmas Eve or any other eve , this
made sense because it was an extra unneeded detail. The sentence made complete sense just as
what father or mother can put together a child s toy from the instructions on the box? . In
paragraph 4 he changed what was originally the president of a major university in versions from
1980 and 98 to the president of my university in the 2006 version, making a personal connection
with the reader. (Paragraph 8 2006) He completely redid the paragraph. In the 1980 and 1994
version, the 8th paragraph was completely unneeded and included a story that seemed unrelated to
the topic of writing. It started as I love to be alone . The 2006 version of this paragraph wasn t
completely off topic from the original. I still believe this paragraph isn t needed, even with the
shortening. With the 2006 version he has taken out the he s and switched to they . This allows
women to feel included, making it more likely for a female to enjoy the writing. It felt
noninclusive in the first two versions. In the newest version (paragraph 10) he included devices
relevant to that time period. Instead of saying he, he said a man or woman could be distracted by
many forces

Compare And Contrast Aztec And Inca Empires
The Aztec and Inca Empires had similarities and differences that contributed to their individual
successes. Each Empire had different origins yet the both grew and became powerful Empires.
The Aztecs, also known as the Mexica, originated in the valley in Mexico and began as nomadic
people, moving from place to place until their powerful neighbors drove them away. Around 1325
A.D. they came upon a valley in Mexicoand settled around the surrounding lakes. The Aztecs built
the capital, Tenochtitlan, on an island in the middle of Lake Texcoco, and started to rapidly
expand. The Incas also expanded, originating in 1350 A.D. at the city of Cuzco which is located in
modern day Peru. When the Inca conquest was over, the Empire spread almost 3,000... Show more
The Aztec government never consolidated complete leadership over the Empire and instead relied
on a tribute system for payment. The Inca government, however, enforced strict control with harsh
punishments. The Incas also had a labor system, called Mita, that required all taxpayers to work
for a certain period in each year. Each of these systems played major roles in the longevity of the
Empires. Because the Aztecs enforced little control on its
conquered peoples, many of them joined Cortez to fight against the Aztecs, which lead to the
Aztecs decline. The Incan Empire lasted significantly longer due to the control the government had
on the people. The complexity and strict rules of the
Empire made it harder for Pizarro to conquer them.
Unlike the governments of the two Empires, the religions were extremely similar. Both Empires
were polytheistic and worshipped their sun gods above all others. Human sacrifices were
common in both civilizations to appease their various gods and goddesses. Some of these deities
included nature gods and goddesses that were believed to play a role in determining the year s
harvest.
Because both kings of these Empires were considered divine, religion was used to unify and gain
control of the people within the

Estonia s Voluntary Cg Recommendations
Estonia s voluntary CG recommendations suggests that atleast half of the supervisory board
members should be independent. State owned enterprise (SOE) board members are selected
through non centralised process with members of the supervisory board nominations split between
Ministry of finance and ministry having the ownership rights. The law in Estoniacalls for maximum
5 and 3 year terms for supervisory and managementboards for both public listed companies and
SOE. In Estonia, good corporate governance is promoted with a mix of both legal and institutional
mechanisms. The Commercial Code (CC) has been the primary legislative piece for corporate
governance in Estonia which has been amended on several occasions since its adoption way back in
1995.Estonian Financial Supervision Authority (FSA) exercises the main regulatory and
enforcement powers for the listed companies. FSA has autonomous competence and a separate
budget though it is an agency of the Bank of Estonia. FSA was brought into existence as a result of
the Financial Supervision Authority Act in 2001. FSA has two boards supervisory and
management board and the functions are similar to the ones listed above. Estonia published its first
voluntary CG code whose main function is to enhance corporate governance and transparency
through improved reporting systems by listed companies.
With this under development by its side, newly formed government took a bold decision with a
technology focused future throwing the

Essay on The Decline of British Military Innovation
World War I was perhaps the greatest catalyst for military innovation in modern history. The speed
in which the doctrinal, technical and tactical changes were developed and implemented was
astounding. At the end of World War I, Britain was at the forefront of doctrinal and technological
innovation in the field of armor and aircraft warfare. The factors which caused Britain to lose their
innovative edge in these areas prior to World War II was the 10 year rule policy, operational
attitude of the British Army, and an emphasis on land based aviation. At the conclusion of World
War I, Britain had the largest navyin the world, a brand new Royal Air Force(RAF) and an army that
had extended its technical, tactical and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ten year policy was used by the British Government to continually decrease defense spending
until the policy was ended in 1932. The second factor that stifled the innovation of the British
military is the operational attitude of the military leadership. The British military failed to study
the lessons learned from World War I until 1932. This failure to study the battles of the war in a
timely manner resulted in the development of inferior doctrine and training concepts. If the lessons
would have been learned earlier than 1932, substantial changes could have been made to the
British doctrine and professional military education system prior to 1932. The structural,
leadership and cultural changes to the British Army after World War I contributed to a pervasive
disinterest in innovation. The ideas and attitudes of the military leadership remained those of the
prewar army. Those who seemed to be innovators were outcast and the leadership of the British
Army did not take their ideas seriously. Between 1923 and 1928, the British Army conducted
numerous field exercises to determine the proper use of mechanized or armored forces. Although
some shortfalls were identified in these maneuvers, the overall potential of armored forces was
evident. These tests identified the tactical advantages of firepower and maneuver of armored forces
and the considerable logistical and

The Hurricane Starring Denzel Washington As Rubin,...
In this paper, I am going to compare and contrast the movie The Hurricane starring Denzel
Washington as Rubin Hurricane Carter to the handout provided for Nelson Mandela. I will begin
with a critical review of the movie. The setting of the movie rotates from past to present, as the
movie begin you will notice him in the ring with the middle weight champion and eventually defeat
him in the first round with a knock out. Than the movie switch to him protesting in a jail cell, 193
at Trenton State Prison, stating how he was wrongly accused for three murders and that anybody
who was trying to come get him will feel the wrath of the Hurricane. The movie than revert back to
the night where Rubin Carterand a young fella was wrongly accused of three murders in a well
known bar and grill, while leaving a night club. The reason they was pulled over was because the
cops said they was looking for two black men in a white car. Mr. Carter than asked any two black
men would count? The movie fast forward to seven years later, approximately around 1980,
where a young struggling African American high schooler purchase his book from a book sale
and is intrigued with the book because he can relate to the mishaps of Mr. Carter. The young
man, Les Martin, was in housed by three Canadians who vowed to help him succeed in life and
go to college. In the beginning of the book, Mr. Rubin Carter discusses his childhood and how it
all started. Carter and a group of friends was playing when a

Characteristics Of The Watermarking System
the CSF characteristics of the HVS in order to embed the watermarking data on selected wavelet
coefficients of the input image. The selected coefficients dwell on the detail sub bands and the
information about the edges of the image were contained in them. Hence, the embedded
information becomes invisible by exploiting the HVS which was less sensitive to alterations on
high frequencies. The success of their method in terms of robustness and transparency was
illustrated by results of the experiments conducted. Their approach performed against the diverse
widespread signal processingmethods as compression, filtering, noise and cropping splendidly.
A scaling based image adaptive watermarking system which ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
An adaptive image watermarking algorithm based on HMM in wavelet domain was presented by
Zhang Rong Yue et al. [27]. The algorithm considered both the energy correlation across the scale
and the different sub bands at the same level of the wavelet pyramid and employed a vector HMM
model. Intended for the HMM tree structure, they optimized an embedding strategy. They enhanced
the performance by employing the dynamical threshold schemes. The performance of the HMM
based watermarking algorithm against Stir mark attacks, such as JPEG compression, adding noise,
median cut and filter was radically enhanced.
A multi resolution watermarking method based on the discrete wavelet transform for copyright
protection of digital images was presented by Zolghadrasli and S. Rezazadeh [21]. The watermark
employed was a noise type Gaussian sequence. Watermark components were added to the
significant coefficients of each selected sub band by considering the human visual system in order
to embed the watermark robustly and imperceptibly. They enhanced the HVS model by performing
some small modifications. The extraction of the watermark involved the host image. They
measured the similarities of extracted watermarks using the Normalized Correlation Function. The
robustness of their method against wide variety of attacks was illustrated.
An entropy based method for

The participants in the derivatives markets are generally...
The participants in the derivatives markets are generally classified as hedgers and speculators. The
hedgers use derivatives as main purpose to protect against adverse changes while speculators enter
a derivative contract with attempt to profit from anticipated changes in market prices. One of the
biggest questions in regard to the treatment of derivatives tools is whether actually they are used for
hedging or speculation. (Adam and Fernando 2006)
According to Guay (1999) firms can reduce dramatically their risk by the means of derivatives. But
in the same research he finds out that derivatives could be used either do increase or decrease risk.
Guay (1999) undertakes an empirical examination of new derivative users in attempt to find out ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, Hentchel and
Konthari (2001) find out that even the firms with large derivatives positions do not show a
significant increase in their return volatility, which is inconsistent with the hypothesis for
speculations with derivatives. Furthermore, they also detect that the same companies do not have a
significant decrease in their risk. These findings lead them to the conclusion that firms derivatives
use does not measurably increase or decrease their return volatility . (Hentchel and Konthari 2001,
p.94)
Stulz (1996) find that many firms use successfully derivatives as a tool for hedge for short term
contracts or in cases when they have large taxes or poorly diversified portfolios. By using
derivatives to hedge the risk companies increase their leverage and in this way reduce the tax
liabilities. In other words, the use of derivatives increases the level of leverage. (Stulz 1996) Other
theories suggest that some holders of call option can benefit from the use of derivatives if they
produce higher volatility. (Black and Scholes 1973). But according to the research of Hentschel and
Kothari (2001) there is no enough evidence for such thesis.
Another research investigates the relation between the use of derivatives and the cost of equity and
the results show that the cost of equity of the derivatives users is lower than this of non users, due
to lower

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