The document discusses entity relationship (ER) modeling and how it can be represented using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It covers the core concepts of ER modeling including entity types, attributes, relationship types, attributes of relationships, and constraints. It explains how each of these concepts maps to elements in UML, allowing for a standardized graphical representation of ER diagrams that can be understood by entire development teams.
Chapter-3 Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationship ModelRaj vardhan
The document describes conceptual database design using the entity-relationship (ER) model. It discusses key concepts of the ER model including entities, attributes, relationships, and relationship constraints. An example ER diagram is presented for a COMPANY database with entities for employees, departments, and projects. Relationships include employees working for departments and departments controlling projects. The summary provides an overview of the important concepts and examples covered in the document related to conceptual database design using the ER model.
The document discusses the entity-relationship model, which is a top-down design approach for database design that begins by identifying important data entities and relationships between data. It describes key concepts of the model including entity types, relationship types, attributes, keys, and structural constraints like multiplicity. Examples are provided to illustrate entity-relationship diagrams and different types of relationships like one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many.
Fundamentals of database system - Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationshi...Mustafa Kamel Mohammadi
In this chapter you will learn
Relational data model concepts
What is entity?
What is attribute and it’s types
What is relationship?
What is an Entity-Relationship data model?
Relational data model constraints
Characteristics of relation
This document discusses recovering class diagrams from source code using Ptidej tools. It aims to bridge the gap between source code and class diagrams by precisely defining class diagram elements and relationships. It describes tools like PDL, Caffeine and Ptidej that can generate models from source code, perform dynamic analysis, and display class diagrams. Key relationships like association, aggregation and composition are also defined. An example class diagram recovered from a drawing editor application is shown.
Class Inner1 is nested inside the outer class Outer 1. Classes Inner2, Inner3, Inner4 classes are nested inside Outer2. Class InnerOddIterator is nested by DataStructure class and Class DataElement is aggregated by DataStructure class.
Confidentiality, security, and integrity of informationsmallwoods
This document summarizes the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule regarding the confidentiality, security, and integrity of protected health information. It outlines who is covered under the rule, what information is protected, how protected health information can be used and disclosed, individual rights, and penalties for noncompliance. The role of all users is to properly protect patient information and only share it with authorized individuals.
Safeguarding Confidentiality and Maintaining Security in Commissioning Health...Alex Beisser MBCS
Looking at what factors to take into account when looking at measures to safeguard information, but nit to hinder innovation when commissioning Health and Social Care Services
This document discusses text elements in multimedia presentations. It covers topics like the importance of text, understanding fonts and typefaces, using text elements like menus and buttons, and hypertext. Computers and text are also examined, including font types like PostScript, TrueType, and OpenType as well as character sets. Multimedia and hypertext systems are defined, along with how users can navigate and search through linked nodes and anchors.
Chapter-3 Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationship ModelRaj vardhan
The document describes conceptual database design using the entity-relationship (ER) model. It discusses key concepts of the ER model including entities, attributes, relationships, and relationship constraints. An example ER diagram is presented for a COMPANY database with entities for employees, departments, and projects. Relationships include employees working for departments and departments controlling projects. The summary provides an overview of the important concepts and examples covered in the document related to conceptual database design using the ER model.
The document discusses the entity-relationship model, which is a top-down design approach for database design that begins by identifying important data entities and relationships between data. It describes key concepts of the model including entity types, relationship types, attributes, keys, and structural constraints like multiplicity. Examples are provided to illustrate entity-relationship diagrams and different types of relationships like one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many.
Fundamentals of database system - Data Modeling Using the Entity-Relationshi...Mustafa Kamel Mohammadi
In this chapter you will learn
Relational data model concepts
What is entity?
What is attribute and it’s types
What is relationship?
What is an Entity-Relationship data model?
Relational data model constraints
Characteristics of relation
This document discusses recovering class diagrams from source code using Ptidej tools. It aims to bridge the gap between source code and class diagrams by precisely defining class diagram elements and relationships. It describes tools like PDL, Caffeine and Ptidej that can generate models from source code, perform dynamic analysis, and display class diagrams. Key relationships like association, aggregation and composition are also defined. An example class diagram recovered from a drawing editor application is shown.
Class Inner1 is nested inside the outer class Outer 1. Classes Inner2, Inner3, Inner4 classes are nested inside Outer2. Class InnerOddIterator is nested by DataStructure class and Class DataElement is aggregated by DataStructure class.
Confidentiality, security, and integrity of informationsmallwoods
This document summarizes the requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule regarding the confidentiality, security, and integrity of protected health information. It outlines who is covered under the rule, what information is protected, how protected health information can be used and disclosed, individual rights, and penalties for noncompliance. The role of all users is to properly protect patient information and only share it with authorized individuals.
Safeguarding Confidentiality and Maintaining Security in Commissioning Health...Alex Beisser MBCS
Looking at what factors to take into account when looking at measures to safeguard information, but nit to hinder innovation when commissioning Health and Social Care Services
This document discusses text elements in multimedia presentations. It covers topics like the importance of text, understanding fonts and typefaces, using text elements like menus and buttons, and hypertext. Computers and text are also examined, including font types like PostScript, TrueType, and OpenType as well as character sets. Multimedia and hypertext systems are defined, along with how users can navigate and search through linked nodes and anchors.
This document provides an overview of class diagrams in UML. It describes the key components of a class including the name, attributes, and operations. It explains how classes can be connected through relationships like generalizations, associations, and dependencies. The document uses examples like Person, Student, and CourseSchedule classes to illustrate attributes, operations, and relationships between classes.
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It covers what OOAD is, different approaches to system analysis, object-oriented methodologies, the history and definition of UML, UML diagrams and modeling, and characteristics of a UML process. The chapter also includes an example ductwork estimating system case study.
UML deployment diagrams show the physical deployment of software components across hardware infrastructure. They depict the hardware elements like processors and devices, the software installed on each processor, and how the components connect. Deployment diagrams are created during system implementation to layout the physical architecture and are useful for embedded, client-server, and distributed systems to distinguish interfaces from data and host multiple software versions across servers.
UML- Class Diagrams, State Machine DiagramsQBI Institute
The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It begins by listing some common tools for creating UML diagrams. It then states that class diagrams are important for business analysts to understand system building blocks. The rest of the document describes the key elements of a class diagram - classes have names, attributes, and operations. It provides examples of class names and explains how attributes can have default values, derived values, and multiplicity. The document concludes by noting that understanding class diagrams helps business analysts in requirements analysis.
Component and Deployment Diagram - Brief OverviewRajiv Kumar
This document discusses component and deployment diagrams in UML. Component diagrams model the physical implementation of software by showing components, interfaces, and dependencies. They can include executable files, libraries, source code files, and data files. Deployment diagrams describe the physical hardware resources of a system, showing nodes like servers and PCs, and how software components are deployed on those nodes. Examples of both diagrams are also presented.
Web servers help deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet. Tim Berners-Lee developed the first web server, known as CERN httpd, in 1989 at CERN. Web servers listen on port 80 and handle requests by mapping URLs to files in their root directories or by dynamically generating content. They create and send responses back to clients, handling connections by forking new threads or processes. Apache is the most commonly used web server, hosting over 60% of websites in March 2011.
This document provides an introduction to various web technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It discusses the basic structures and components of HTML documents, how CSS can be used to style HTML content, and how JavaScript and PHP can add interactivity and run server-side code. The document also gives examples of common tags and syntax used in these languages. It concludes by noting that most web pages combine these core technologies and that learning them now provides a foundation for newer technologies.
The document discusses web servers and their key components and functions. It covers:
1) The definition of a web server as a program that generates and transmits responses to client requests for web resources by parsing requests, authorizing access, and constructing responses.
2) How web servers handle client requests through steps like parsing requests, authorizing access, and transmitting responses. They can also dynamically generate responses through server-side includes and server scripts.
3) Techniques web servers use like access control through authentication and authorization, passing data to scripts, using cookies, caching responses, and allocating resources through event-driven, process-driven, and hybrid architectures.
This very short document appears to be in an unfamiliar language and does not provide much contextual information to summarize. It contains a few words that are unclear in meaning along with references to place names that are not well known out of context. The document leaves off with an ambiguous ending of "The end? To be continued".
The document discusses the importance of confidentiality in healthcare. It defines key terms like confidentiality and breach of confidentiality. It outlines what information is considered confidential for patients, such as medical records, test results, and insurance details. It also discusses ethics standards, government regulations like HIPAA, and agencies that monitor patient privacy and confidentiality. Healthcare workers are responsible for only sharing patient information with authorized individuals and protecting private documents. Maintaining confidentiality helps ensure quality care and trust between patients and providers.
The document introduces database management systems and conceptual database design using the Entity Relationship model. It discusses key concepts such as the universe of discourse, requirements analysis, conceptual schema, entity types, attributes, relationships and constraints. The conceptual schema provides a high-level design of the database that is independent of specific DBMS implementations and easy for non-technical users to understand. This conceptual design forms the basis for later logical and physical database design steps.
This document provides an overview of entity-relationship (ER) modeling concepts for database design. It defines key ER modeling concepts like entities, attributes, entity types, relationships, relationship types, weak entities, and constraints. It also explains how to represent these concepts in ER diagrams. As an example, it analyzes the requirements for a sample COMPANY database and designs the initial entity types and relationship types that would be represented in an ER diagram for this database.
The document describes concepts related to entity relationship modeling including:
- Entity types represent real world objects like employees, departments, etc. and have attributes.
- Relationship types define relationships between entity types like works_for between employees and departments.
- Keys uniquely identify entities and attributes can be single/multi-valued, simple/composite.
- The example models a company database with entities for departments, projects, employees and dependents along with their attributes and relationships.
The document describes concepts related to entity relationship modeling including:
- Entity types represent real world objects like employees, departments, etc. and have attributes.
- Relationship types define relationships between entity types like works_for between employees and departments.
- An example database schema for a company is presented with entity types for departments, projects, employees, and dependents along with attributes and relationships.
- Additional concepts covered include keys, cardinality, participation constraints, and weak entity types.
This document discusses the differences between subtypes and roles in data modeling. Exclusive subtypes, where an entity can only be one subtype, are more common than inclusive subtypes, where an entity can be multiple subtypes. Inclusive subtypes can create complexity and ambiguity. Modeling entities as roles rather than subtypes, such as modeling a customer as a role rather than a subtype of person, results in a simpler model that better captures the semantics and relationships between entities. Role-based modeling avoids issues like data duplication and relationship complexity that can occur with subtype modeling.
This document discusses the differences between subtypes and roles in data modeling. Exclusive subtypes, where an entity can only be one subtype, are more common than inclusive subtypes, where an entity can be multiple subtypes. Inclusive subtypes can create complexity and ambiguity. Modeling entities as roles rather than subtypes, such as modeling a customer as a role rather than a subtype of person, results in a simpler model that better captures the semantics and relationships between entities. Role-based modeling avoids issues like data duplication and relationship complexity that can occur with subtype modeling.
Data modeling using the entity relationship modelJafar Nesargi
The document describes key concepts in entity relationship modeling including entity types, attributes, relationships, keys, and constraints. It provides an example database application to track employees, departments, and projects within a company. It then defines entity types for departments, projects, employees, and dependents with their attributes. It also describes relationship types, cardinalities, roles, and other modeling constructs used to design the conceptual schema.
This document discusses entity relationship (ER) modeling. It defines key concepts in ER modeling including entities, attributes, relationships, and ER diagram notations. Entities can be people, places, objects or concepts and are grouped into entity types. Attributes provide information about entities. Relationships define how entities are connected. Common relationship types are one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. ER diagrams use notations like boxes, lines, and crow's foot symbols to visually depict entities, attributes, and relationships in a database design. The document also covers entity classification, primary keys, foreign keys, and potential problems in ER modeling.
The document discusses entity-relationship modeling and database design. It identifies the key concepts of entities, attributes, relationships, and weak versus strong entities. It then outlines the step-by-step method for developing an entity-relationship model, including searching for strong entities and attributes, identifying relationships, and handling weak entities.
The document discusses entity-relationship (ER) modeling concepts including entities, attributes, relationships, and ER diagrams. It provides an example database for a company (COMPANY) that tracks departments, projects, employees, and employee dependents. Key concepts covered include entity types, relationship types, attributes, keys, weak entities, roles, recursive relationships, and higher order relationships. The example ER diagram for the COMPANY database includes entity types for EMPLOYEE, DEPARTMENT, PROJECT, and DEPENDENT connected by relationship types like WORKS_FOR, MANAGES, WORKS_ON, and DEPENDENTS_OF.
The document discusses the phases of database design including requirements collection and analysis, conceptual design, and relational database schema. It provides examples of collecting requirements for a company database including entity types like department, project, and employee. It also covers conceptual modeling using an entity-relationship diagram to represent entities, attributes, relationships and constraints. Key concepts explained include entity types, attributes, relationships, cardinalities, participation constraints, weak entities, and converting a conceptual schema to a relational database schema.
The document provides information on entity relationship diagrams and database architecture. It discusses the three levels of a database architecture: external, conceptual, and internal. It then covers key concepts in ER modeling including entities, attributes, relationships, cardinalities, participation constraints, weak and strong entities, and how to construct an ER diagram.
This document provides an overview of class diagrams in UML. It describes the key components of a class including the name, attributes, and operations. It explains how classes can be connected through relationships like generalizations, associations, and dependencies. The document uses examples like Person, Student, and CourseSchedule classes to illustrate attributes, operations, and relationships between classes.
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It covers what OOAD is, different approaches to system analysis, object-oriented methodologies, the history and definition of UML, UML diagrams and modeling, and characteristics of a UML process. The chapter also includes an example ductwork estimating system case study.
UML deployment diagrams show the physical deployment of software components across hardware infrastructure. They depict the hardware elements like processors and devices, the software installed on each processor, and how the components connect. Deployment diagrams are created during system implementation to layout the physical architecture and are useful for embedded, client-server, and distributed systems to distinguish interfaces from data and host multiple software versions across servers.
UML- Class Diagrams, State Machine DiagramsQBI Institute
The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It begins by listing some common tools for creating UML diagrams. It then states that class diagrams are important for business analysts to understand system building blocks. The rest of the document describes the key elements of a class diagram - classes have names, attributes, and operations. It provides examples of class names and explains how attributes can have default values, derived values, and multiplicity. The document concludes by noting that understanding class diagrams helps business analysts in requirements analysis.
Component and Deployment Diagram - Brief OverviewRajiv Kumar
This document discusses component and deployment diagrams in UML. Component diagrams model the physical implementation of software by showing components, interfaces, and dependencies. They can include executable files, libraries, source code files, and data files. Deployment diagrams describe the physical hardware resources of a system, showing nodes like servers and PCs, and how software components are deployed on those nodes. Examples of both diagrams are also presented.
Web servers help deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet. Tim Berners-Lee developed the first web server, known as CERN httpd, in 1989 at CERN. Web servers listen on port 80 and handle requests by mapping URLs to files in their root directories or by dynamically generating content. They create and send responses back to clients, handling connections by forking new threads or processes. Apache is the most commonly used web server, hosting over 60% of websites in March 2011.
This document provides an introduction to various web technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It discusses the basic structures and components of HTML documents, how CSS can be used to style HTML content, and how JavaScript and PHP can add interactivity and run server-side code. The document also gives examples of common tags and syntax used in these languages. It concludes by noting that most web pages combine these core technologies and that learning them now provides a foundation for newer technologies.
The document discusses web servers and their key components and functions. It covers:
1) The definition of a web server as a program that generates and transmits responses to client requests for web resources by parsing requests, authorizing access, and constructing responses.
2) How web servers handle client requests through steps like parsing requests, authorizing access, and transmitting responses. They can also dynamically generate responses through server-side includes and server scripts.
3) Techniques web servers use like access control through authentication and authorization, passing data to scripts, using cookies, caching responses, and allocating resources through event-driven, process-driven, and hybrid architectures.
This very short document appears to be in an unfamiliar language and does not provide much contextual information to summarize. It contains a few words that are unclear in meaning along with references to place names that are not well known out of context. The document leaves off with an ambiguous ending of "The end? To be continued".
The document discusses the importance of confidentiality in healthcare. It defines key terms like confidentiality and breach of confidentiality. It outlines what information is considered confidential for patients, such as medical records, test results, and insurance details. It also discusses ethics standards, government regulations like HIPAA, and agencies that monitor patient privacy and confidentiality. Healthcare workers are responsible for only sharing patient information with authorized individuals and protecting private documents. Maintaining confidentiality helps ensure quality care and trust between patients and providers.
The document introduces database management systems and conceptual database design using the Entity Relationship model. It discusses key concepts such as the universe of discourse, requirements analysis, conceptual schema, entity types, attributes, relationships and constraints. The conceptual schema provides a high-level design of the database that is independent of specific DBMS implementations and easy for non-technical users to understand. This conceptual design forms the basis for later logical and physical database design steps.
This document provides an overview of entity-relationship (ER) modeling concepts for database design. It defines key ER modeling concepts like entities, attributes, entity types, relationships, relationship types, weak entities, and constraints. It also explains how to represent these concepts in ER diagrams. As an example, it analyzes the requirements for a sample COMPANY database and designs the initial entity types and relationship types that would be represented in an ER diagram for this database.
The document describes concepts related to entity relationship modeling including:
- Entity types represent real world objects like employees, departments, etc. and have attributes.
- Relationship types define relationships between entity types like works_for between employees and departments.
- Keys uniquely identify entities and attributes can be single/multi-valued, simple/composite.
- The example models a company database with entities for departments, projects, employees and dependents along with their attributes and relationships.
The document describes concepts related to entity relationship modeling including:
- Entity types represent real world objects like employees, departments, etc. and have attributes.
- Relationship types define relationships between entity types like works_for between employees and departments.
- An example database schema for a company is presented with entity types for departments, projects, employees, and dependents along with attributes and relationships.
- Additional concepts covered include keys, cardinality, participation constraints, and weak entity types.
This document discusses the differences between subtypes and roles in data modeling. Exclusive subtypes, where an entity can only be one subtype, are more common than inclusive subtypes, where an entity can be multiple subtypes. Inclusive subtypes can create complexity and ambiguity. Modeling entities as roles rather than subtypes, such as modeling a customer as a role rather than a subtype of person, results in a simpler model that better captures the semantics and relationships between entities. Role-based modeling avoids issues like data duplication and relationship complexity that can occur with subtype modeling.
This document discusses the differences between subtypes and roles in data modeling. Exclusive subtypes, where an entity can only be one subtype, are more common than inclusive subtypes, where an entity can be multiple subtypes. Inclusive subtypes can create complexity and ambiguity. Modeling entities as roles rather than subtypes, such as modeling a customer as a role rather than a subtype of person, results in a simpler model that better captures the semantics and relationships between entities. Role-based modeling avoids issues like data duplication and relationship complexity that can occur with subtype modeling.
Data modeling using the entity relationship modelJafar Nesargi
The document describes key concepts in entity relationship modeling including entity types, attributes, relationships, keys, and constraints. It provides an example database application to track employees, departments, and projects within a company. It then defines entity types for departments, projects, employees, and dependents with their attributes. It also describes relationship types, cardinalities, roles, and other modeling constructs used to design the conceptual schema.
This document discusses entity relationship (ER) modeling. It defines key concepts in ER modeling including entities, attributes, relationships, and ER diagram notations. Entities can be people, places, objects or concepts and are grouped into entity types. Attributes provide information about entities. Relationships define how entities are connected. Common relationship types are one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many. ER diagrams use notations like boxes, lines, and crow's foot symbols to visually depict entities, attributes, and relationships in a database design. The document also covers entity classification, primary keys, foreign keys, and potential problems in ER modeling.
The document discusses entity-relationship modeling and database design. It identifies the key concepts of entities, attributes, relationships, and weak versus strong entities. It then outlines the step-by-step method for developing an entity-relationship model, including searching for strong entities and attributes, identifying relationships, and handling weak entities.
The document discusses entity-relationship (ER) modeling concepts including entities, attributes, relationships, and ER diagrams. It provides an example database for a company (COMPANY) that tracks departments, projects, employees, and employee dependents. Key concepts covered include entity types, relationship types, attributes, keys, weak entities, roles, recursive relationships, and higher order relationships. The example ER diagram for the COMPANY database includes entity types for EMPLOYEE, DEPARTMENT, PROJECT, and DEPENDENT connected by relationship types like WORKS_FOR, MANAGES, WORKS_ON, and DEPENDENTS_OF.
The document discusses the phases of database design including requirements collection and analysis, conceptual design, and relational database schema. It provides examples of collecting requirements for a company database including entity types like department, project, and employee. It also covers conceptual modeling using an entity-relationship diagram to represent entities, attributes, relationships and constraints. Key concepts explained include entity types, attributes, relationships, cardinalities, participation constraints, weak entities, and converting a conceptual schema to a relational database schema.
The document provides information on entity relationship diagrams and database architecture. It discusses the three levels of a database architecture: external, conceptual, and internal. It then covers key concepts in ER modeling including entities, attributes, relationships, cardinalities, participation constraints, weak and strong entities, and how to construct an ER diagram.
The document discusses concepts related to data modeling and entity relationship diagrams (ERDs). It aims to help readers understand data modeling, how relationships between entities are defined, and how ERD components affect database design. Key topics covered include identifying entities, attributes, relationships, and cardinalities to construct an ERD. Examples are provided to illustrate ERD notation and how business rules are discovered and refined during the data modeling process.
The document discusses concepts related to data modeling and entity relationship diagrams (ERDs). It aims to help readers understand data modeling, how relationships between entities are defined and incorporated into database design, and how to interpret ERD modeling symbols. Key points covered include identifying entities, attributes, relationships and cardinalities from requirements to construct an ERD, which provides a conceptual model of a database. The ERD development process is iterative to optimize the model based on feedback.
ERD merupakan suatu diagram yang berisi komponen- komponen himpunan entitas ...huraitera
The document discusses concepts related to data modeling and entity relationship diagrams (ERDs). It aims to help readers understand data modeling, how relationships between entities are defined and incorporated into database design, and how to interpret ERD modeling symbols. Key points covered include the purpose of data modeling, what an ERD is, identifying entities, attributes, relationships, and cardinalities when constructing an ERD based on organizational requirements and business rules.
The document provides information about entity relationship diagrams (ERDs) and data modeling. It discusses the objectives of data modeling which include understanding relationships between entities and incorporating them into database design. It also explains how to identify entities, attributes, and relationships based on nouns, descriptors, and verbs connecting entities. The document outlines the key components of ERDs including entities, attributes, relationships, cardinalities, and identifiers. It provides examples of a data model for a restaurant and explains how ERDs can be used as an effective communication and documentation tool.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in entity-relationship modeling including the three main elements - entity sets, attributes, and relationships. It defines these elements and provides examples like entities for departments, professors, students. It also describes other ER modeling concepts such as keys, single and multi-valued attributes, mapping cardinalities, participation constraints, weak entity sets, and identifying weak entity types. The document is presented as a lecture on ER modeling with examples to illustrate each concept.
The document describes Oracle's PeopleSoft Enterprise HCM 8.9 Person Model, which allows an organization to track different types of people beyond just employees. It introduces key concepts like persons, organizational relationships, assignments, instances, and more. Diagrams of the core person object model and extensions show the main tables used to store person and relationship data. The document provides guidance on using the new model capabilities for tracking employees, contingent workers, and persons of interest.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Project Management Semester Long Project - Acuityjpupo2018
Acuity is an innovative learning app designed to transform the way you engage with knowledge. Powered by AI technology, Acuity takes complex topics and distills them into concise, interactive summaries that are easy to read & understand. Whether you're exploring the depths of quantum mechanics or seeking insight into historical events, Acuity provides the key information you need without the burden of lengthy texts.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
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Ermodeling
1. A technical discussion on modeling with UML
06/11/03
Entity Relationship
Modeling with UML
Davor Gornik
2. Improving software development capability
2
Table of Contents
Entity Relationship Modeling............................................................................................................... 1
Core Elements of ER Modeling........................................................................................................... 1
Entity Types .............................................................................................................................................1
Attributes .................................................................................................................................................2
Relationship Types ...................................................................................................................................2
Attributes of Relationship Types ................................................................................................................3
Simple Constraints in ER Modeling ............................................................................................................4
Cardinality ................................................................................................................................................4
Dependency............................................................................................................................................6
Specialization and Generalization...............................................................................................................7
Specialization and Generalization...............................................................................................................7
Categorization..........................................................................................................................................8
Notations for the ER Methodology..................................................................................................... 9
Entity Types in UML ..................................................................................................................................9
Attributes in UML....................................................................................................................................10
Relationship Types in UML......................................................................................................................10
Attributes of Relationship Types in UML ...................................................................................................11
Simple Constraints in UML.......................................................................................................................11
Cardinality ..............................................................................................................................................11
Dependency..........................................................................................................................................12
Specialization and Generalization.............................................................................................................12
Categorization........................................................................................................................................13
Summary................................................................................................................................................14
3. Entity Relationship Modeling
One of the most misinterpreted terms in the software industry is actually one we know very well: entity relationship (ER).
That’s because we often lack a common definition that is understood by all members of the development team. We assume
that everyone on the team shares the same clear understanding of the methodology, syntax, and mechanics associated with
ER and ER modeling.
ER modeling itself defines the methodology used in the analysis and design of information-based systems. Database
designers often use this methodology to gather requirements and define the architecture of the database systems. The output
of this methodology is a list of entity types, relationship types, and constraints.
Unfortunately, ER modeling does not define the graphic syntax for the representation of ER diagrams. Many times notations
are used solely by the database team and limit the ER modeling to relational database design. We need a notation that allows
broader understanding by members of the entire system development team.
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a widely accepted language used by analysts and software developers that is an
excellent fit for the graphic representation of ER diagrams. By using UML, development teams gain significant benefits,
including easier communication between team members, easy integration to repositories due to this language based on meta-
models, use of a standardized input/output format (XMI), universal use for application and data modeling, unified
representation from analysis to implementation to deployment, and completeness of specification.
This white paper defines the core concepts of ER modeling and explains how UML can be used by development teams to
develop ER models.
Core Elements of ER Modeling
ER modeling is based on artifacts, which can be either a representation of physical artifacts, such as Product or Employee, or
a representation of a transaction between artifacts, such as Order or Delivery. Each artifact contains information about itself.
ER modeling also focuses on relationships between artifacts. These relationships can be either binary, connecting two
artifacts, or ternary, among several artifacts.
The four essential elements of ER modeling are:
• Entity types
• Attributes
• Relationship types
• Attributes on relationships
Entity Types
An entity type is a set of artifacts with the same structure and independent existence within the enterprise. Examples of an
entity type would be Employees or Products.
A single occurrence of an artifact is an entity. While an entity type describes the structure, the entity itself identifies the
single instance and all of the data of this instance. An example of an Employees entity would be the Employee Joe Ward.
1
4. Figure 1 Entity Type Employees and Entity Employee Joe Ward
Attributes
The structure of an entity type is defined with attributes. An attribute can be seen as a property of an entity type. Attributes
of an Employee might be Name, Address, Social Security Number, Birth Date, Date Joined, and Position.
Entities differ from each other by the values of their attributes. Since it is possible to have entities with exactly the same
values for attributes, we lose the ability to differentiate and address a specific entity. Therefore, we must always make sure
that the values of attributes of a specific entity are unique to values of other entities. Each Employee has a unique
combination of Name and Social Security Number attributes.
An example of associated values for attributes of an Employee is: Joe Ward, living at 34 Main Road, Redmond, WA,
98053, has the Social Security Number 555-32-2222, was born on September 7, 1971, and joined our company October 1,
2001, as a service engineer for consumer electronics.
Figure 2 Attributes of the entity types Employees and the values for attributes
for the entity Employee Joe Ward
Relationship Types
While entity types describe independent artifacts, relationship types describe meaningful associations between entity types.
To be precise, the relationship type describes that entities of entity types participating in the relationship can build a
meaningful association. The actual occurrence of the association between entities is called a relationship.
It is important to understand that although we defined a relationship type, this does not mean that every pair of entities
builds a relationship. A relationship type defines only that relationships can occur.
2
5. An example of a relationship type is the Employee owns Product. In this example the relationship type is Owns. The
relationship itself is: The Employee Joe Ward owns a Product, the yellow Telephone, with the Serial Number 320TS03880.
Figure 3 Relationship Type owns and Relationship owns between Employee Joe Ward
and the Product with the serial number 320TS03880
There might be a second employee Martin Weber who does not own a Telephone.
Attributes of Relationship Types
Relationship types can also contain attributes. For example the relationship type Services between the Employee and the
Product could contain the attributes Date and Status, which identify the date of the service and the status of the product after
the service is done.
When the relationship is realized in a concrete occurrence of the service, the values of the attributes of the relationship are set.
The meaning of the relationship could be: Joe Ward services the black Toaster with the Serial Number 0462834DF4 on July
3, 2002, and establishes the status as good working condition.
3
6. Figure 4 Attributes on Relationship Type services and Attributes on Relationship Joe Ward
services Product with the Serial No 0462834DF4
Simple Constraints in ER Modeling
Entities, relationships, and attributes within the ER model establish restrictions that define the structure of the enterprise.
The structure is limited by rules called constraints. For example, it is not feasible that an Employee deals with more than
100 customers. Or, every employee must be associated with exactly one department.
Cardinality
Each specified relationship type defines the possibility of establishing relationships between all of the participating entities.
In most cases, this is not necessary. For example, not all Employees own all of the Products.
Relationships are bi-directional, connecting two entity types (Employees and Products) or the same entity type playing two
different roles (Employees as a manager and Employees as a subordinate). Relationships can also be multi-directional,
connecting more than two entity types. One example of a multi-directional relationship would be a phone call connecting an
employee, a customer, and two phones. In either case, each entity type specifies the cardinality towards the relationship type.
The simplest cardinality is specified by the number of relationships allowed per entity. If only one Department participates in
the relationship associated with an Employee, we write a 1 on the connector. This would mean that Joe Ward must be
associated with one and only one Department.
Other possibilities for cardinality are either Not Specified or Specified By a Variable. The Not Specified cardinality is
unlimited. The same is true for a cardinality Specified By a Variable (mostly M or N).
When the lower and upper limits of participating entities in a relationship are different, we specify a pair of values for the
lower and higher limits enclosed in parenthesis and separated by a comma (M, N). An optional relationship would be
recognized by (0, 1) or (0, N) dependent on the upper limit.
For example, a setup for Players on a Soccer team would be something like (11, 18). The entity Redmond Lions Soccer
Team builds a relationship to the entity type Players, which consists of Joe Coplen, David Archer, John Good, Kevin Hale,
Ivan Komashinsky, Steven Cooper, Andrew Bliven, Art Lounsbery, Chad Beery, Randall DuBois, Ron Baghai, Lance Delo,
Tito Magobet, Curtis Hrischuk, and Ian Leslie.
4
7. Figure 5 The Relationship between Soccer Teams and Players defines that the relationship is valid
only when the Soccer Teams type relates to 11 to 18 Players
Figure 6 A valid relationship is team member between the Redmond Lions soccer club and 15
Players
5
8. There are several occasions when soccer players receive yellow or red cards for bad behavior or fouls. They are described in
the Cards entity type. The Cards entity type builds a Received relationship type with Players with a cardinality of (0, N).
This means that the Player David Archer can have a Received relationship to 3 Card entities, whereas Lance Delo does not
have any.
Figure 7 Entity type Players can Receive 0 or any number of entity type Cards: player David
Archer received 3 cards, player Lance Delo did not receive any cards yet
Dependency
Dependency refers to a situation in which a particular entity can not meaningfully exist without the existence of another
entity as specified within a relationship. The entity type is dependent on another entity type when each entity of a dependent
entity (subtype) depends on the existence of the corresponding parent entity in the super type.
A mandatory dependency relationship has to be specified by explicitly defining the lower limit for cardinality that is not
equal to 0 or by a fixed cardinality that is not equal to 0.
An example of a dependency between two entities would be the entity type Marriage Certificate, which depends on the entity
type Person. The relationship is Married with a fixed dependency on one Marriage Certificate and two Persons.
For example, the entity Marriage Certificate 352647003 has a fixed dependency to entities Joe Ward and Melinda Bell. This
means that if either Melinda Bell or Joe Ward leaves the relationship, the Marriage Certificate 352647003 becomes invalid –
at least from the data point of view.
6
9. Figure 8 Dependent entity type Marriage Certificate on the entity type Persons and dependency of
the entity Marriage Certificate 352647003 on Melinda Bell and Joe Ward
Specialization and Generalization
The core ER model defines only basic relationships between entity types. While the basic entities and relationships can
easily represent most of the simple data structures in business organizations, technical applications require more complex
structures based on similarity and differences between entity types.
Specialization and Generalization
The intent of specialization and generalization is reuse of the attributes and behaviors associated with entity types.
Specialization is used to define an entity type that represents a specific segment of a larger entity type. The specialized entity
type inherits the structure and behavior, such as business rules, from the parent entity type. However, while the specialized
entity type extends the parent structure or behavior, it is never less than the parent.
For example, Employees is a specialization of the entity type Persons, which requires all of the attributes and relationships
of the entity type Persons. There may also be a second entity type called Customers that is a specialization of the entity type
Persons. Both entity types have the same Persons attributes, which are seen as attributes of Employees or attributes of
Customers. Therefore, when looking at the Customers, we see all of the attributes specified in the Persons entity type and
specified in the Customers entity type.
Generalization is exactly the opposite workflow. The generalized entity type (or parent type) represents the common structure
and behavior of all subtypes and contains all of the common attributes from child entity types. The child entity types have a
complete view of the parent attributes and their own attributes.
The process of generalization finds the common structure and extracts it in the parent entity type. The parent entity type is
commonly found during refactoring when comparing entity types and simplifying the model.
While specialization can be directly implemented only with object-oriented or object-relational databases, generalization can
be directly implemented with any relational database using foreign keys.
7
10. Figure 9 Generalization of Customers entity type and Employees entity type to Persons entity type;
Specialization works in the opposite direction
Categorization
While specialization is done on entities, categorization defines constraints on relationship types. In most cases, categorization
is exclusive, meaning that one entity participates in either relationship A or relationship B, depending on the entities’ status.
The status can be either a value of an attribute, a presence of another relationship, or some external status.
Categorization does not change the attributes of an entity. It requires the data access and manipulation to consider the
constraints specified in the categorization.
A good example of categorization is Vehicles. Depending on the kind of vehicle, we need to build different relationships.
For trucks, we need the cargo information, while for busses, we need the names of passengers. This information will be used
in different relationships to deliver meaningful context to the relationship.
8
11. Figure 10 Categorization in trucks and busses with relationship types to Cargo entity type and
Persons entity type depending on the category
Notations for the ER Methodology
Today, several notations are used within ER modeling, including Chen’s ER, Barker ER Information Engineering (IE), and
IDEF1X, most of which also cover the relational notation.
Object role modeling (ORM) notation is also a player in the ER methodology. It is able to express very precise and complete
business rules and can illustrate constraints graphically. Unfortunately, this level of detail requires huge diagrams with plenty
of details. The question related to ORM is whether we need the precision of the notation at the level of the ER model. The
ORM notation is also very complex and differentiates completely from other notations, making it less understandable to
project team members not using ORM.
UML is a notation language initially created for software design that has expanded into business and database design. It
includes elements and diagrams necessary to specify everything from analysis to implementation to deployment. By
employing several types of diagrams and tens of different elements, UML is able to express different levels of abstraction for
a system. This is a very unique capability. However, we do not need to know all of UML or every possible view and
representation to successfully use UML for ER modeling.
To better understand the role that UML plays in the ER methodology, we will describe how UML handles each of the core
elements of ER modeling that have been outlined earlier in this white paper.
Entity Types in UML
As was mentioned earlier, an entity type identifies a series of artifacts of the same structure. The entity type is a blueprint
that can produce any number of artifacts that differ from each other only by their identity and status.
The corresponding element of the UML is the class. The class by definition has the ability to hide the content, while the
entity has accessible interfaces. This seems to be contradictory, but it is not. UML allows the class to publicize the structure
using public attributes.
Classes are drawn as rectangles with up to three compartments:
• Compartment one includes the stereotype and the name of the class. Stereotype refers to the further classification of
elements in UML to enforce common characteristics. For example all of the legacy classes could carry the stereotype
legacy to immediately classify them as not modifiable. While the class itself is a representation of a type, we classify the
type with the stereotype <<Entity>> (<<…>> is the syntax used to specify the stereotype).
9
12. • Compartment two contains attributes with types and visibility. It can also contain other details about attributes such as
initialization value and stereotype. The second compartment can be omitted when displayed in overview diagrams.
• Compartment three is reserved for the behavior of the class. Since the entity type does not need the behavior, we will
omit this compartment.
The class can be displayed with one, two, or three compartments on diagrams depending on the level of abstraction.
An entity is an instance of the entity type. In UML, object is an instance of a class. This means that the entity itself
corresponds to the object.
The representation of the object is derived from the representation of the class. The most visible difference is that the name of
the object is underlined and that there are only one or two compartments.
The first compartment contains the optional stereotype, the name of the object, and the name of the derived class, divided by
a colon. At least one of the names must be specified. The second compartment contains the relevant attributes with their
values.
A great way to represent the object is to use just one compartment and specify the identifier1 as the name of the object.
Figure 11 Entity type Employees and entity 553-32-2222 displayed as class and object in UML
Attributes in UML
The status and information about the entity is stored as attributes of an object. The attributes of entity types have to be
visible – or public – to other entity types. The attributes are specified with the visibility, name, and type in the class
specification. The type of the attributes is the analysis type. It may change during the design phase.
The attributes are specified in the second compartment of the class. They contain the visibility specification that is always
“+” (public) for entities. The name is divided from the type by a colon.
Figure 12 Entity Type Employees with public attributes SSN, name, address, birth date,
date joined, and position
Relationship Types in UML
All relationships between classes in UML are specified for the type and not for the instance. The numbers at both ends of the
relationship specify the cardinality: the number of possible instances participating in the relationship.
The name of a relationship is specified directly on the relationship line and is used to identify the relationship. It can help a
reader understand why the relationship exists. If a relationship is not named, role names may be used to help a reader
1
Identifier is the chosen attribute that uniquely identifies an object from other objects.
10
13. understand a relationship. The figure below can be read as Products are owned by Employees or Employees are owner of
Products. The singular and plural wording in the description of the relationship is defined by cardinality.
«Entity»
Employees «Entity»
1 * Product
+ address : String
+ datejoined : Date - owner - is owned + Serialno : String
+ position : String + description : String
Figure 13 Relationship between the entity types Employee and Product
The data types used in the entity types are not standardized. Users are allowed to use any data type needed. It is a good
practice to create a glossary with all data types to allow standardization and understanding across several designers and
projects within a company.
Attributes of Relationship Types in UML
A relationship can have attributes that are shown in UML association classes. The association class is displayed in a
rectangle and contains the list of public attributes for the relationship. The association class is attached to the relationship
with a dotted line. The class does not need a stereotype to explain the use and classify the class because the attachment
already defines it.
The attributes in the association class are specified with the visibility, name, and type.
Although it seems like the association class, the attachment, and the relationship are independent elements, they actually
represent the same element. The names of the relationship and the association class must be related.
«Entity»
«Entity»
Employees
Product
1 *
+ address : String
+ datejoined : Date - services - is serviced + Serialno : String
+ description : String
+ position : String
Services
+ servicedate : Date
+ status : String
Figure 14 Attributes of a relationship type Services are specified in the association class
Simple Constraints in UML
Cardinality
UML defines a very consistent way to specify cardinality. It is always specified by numbers at each end of relationships.
Possible definitions include a single number for a specified cardinality of certain number of instances, which could be also
unlimited, and a pair of numbers divided by “..” that specify a range for cardinality. The symbol used for unlimited
cardinality is “*” and can be used either alone, meaning an optional unlimited relationship, or in combination with another
low value to specify the mandatory relationship (like “1..*”). The values for lower and upper limits of the cardinality can be
any positive number or “*”, where the first number must be smaller or equal to the second one.
11
14. Figure 15 The SoccerTeam entity type defines a relationship plays to 11 to 18 players
of the entity type Player
Dependency
UML distinguishes two forms of dependencies between entity types. An aggregation is a dependency between two entity
types that is required for the existence of the dependent entity type. The syntax for aggregation in UML is a hollow diamond
on the side of the aggregate. The same side has a mandatory cardinality of 1, which can be omitted.
Figure 16 Each MerriageCertificates entity type depends on two Persons
in the role of a Bride and a Groom
Aggregation is used when the aggregate is not unique for all of the dependencies and not all of the dependent instances must
relate to the same entity. In case the aggregate is a single entity for all of the dependencies, UML specifies a strong
dependency called composition. Composition is represented in the graphics as a filled diamond on the aggregate side. This
relationship is used when the aggregate contains the subordinate entity type.
Figure 17 The entity type OrderPositions is completely defined by the entity type Orders
as specified by the composition
Cardinality can be combined with aggregation and composition to define constraints on these relationships.
Specialization and Generalization
An essential part of analysis is dedicated to the similarities and differences of entity types. Specialization reduces the risks of
under specification and reduces the lack of requirements by inheriting requirements from the parent. Generalization simplifies
the model and the implementation of entity types in the system.
Generalization is defined in UML by a hollow arrow on the parent side of the relationship. Generalization is not a
relationship between two entity types. It is a derivation of the general entity type to the specialized entity type. Cardinality is
not allowed on generalization relationships.
12
15. All of the attributes and relationships of the parent entity type are inherited by the specialized entity type. Both the attributes
and relationships to other entity types cannot be removed from the specialized entity type.
Figure 18 Generalization defines the entity types Employees and Customers as type of the entity
type Persons inheriting Persons attributes
Categorization
Categories of the same entity type specify how the entities relate to each other depending on their characteristics, like all
employees on leave of absence for example. The syntax of the categorization uses the constraints specified in OCL (object
constraint language) connected to the relationship.
The constraints are meant to specify dynamic behavior. When constraints evaluate as valid, the relationships are valid.
Typically the constraints are mutually exclusive, which can be modeled using a constraint {xor} between exclusive
relationships.
13
16. Figure 19 Categorization of entity types defines the criteria for relationship types – Cargo is
important for Vehicles of the type “truck”; Persons can be transported for the Vehicles of the type
“bus”
Summary
Against the common opinion, ER methodology is not limited to development of relational databases. I have to agree that in
most cases the output of the design process will be realized in a relational database; however this is not a condition for it.
ER methodology is focused on artifact-based design. Its output is artifacts (entity types) with relationships between them and
constraints clarifying entity types and relationships. This output can be used to create a relational model that will have
additional technology-related constraints.
The ER methodology is used for analysis and design of artifact-driven systems. It is used for conceptual and logical
modeling, but is not intended for physical design. The ER methodology describes only the static view of the artifacts, not
the dynamics of the system.
To create a smooth development process, it is important that all members of the development team “speak a common
language.” That’s because misinterpretation of information can cause delays, create unexpected errors, and reduce the overall
efficiencies of team members. UML helps eliminate these concerns by providing a standardized language that is easily
understood by all members of the system development team.
14
17. IBM software integrated solutions
IBM Rational supports a wealth of other offerings from IBM software. IBM is a wholly owned subsidiary of the
IBM software solutions can give you the power to achieve your IBM Corporation. (c) Copyright
priority business and IT goals. Rational Software Corporation, 2003.
All rights reserved.
• DB2 ® software helps you leverage information with solutions for
IBM Corporation
data enablement, data management, and data distribution. Software Group
• Lotus® software helps your staff be productive with solutions for Route 100
authoring, managing, communicating, and sharing knowledge. Somers, NY 10589
U.S.A.
• Tivoli ® software helps you manage the technology that runs your e-
business infrastructure. Printed in the United States of America
05-03 All Rights Reserved. Made in the
• WebSphere® software helps you extend your existing business- U.S.A.
critical processes to the Web.
IBM and the IBM logo are trademarks
• Rational ® software helps you improve your software development
of International Business Machines
capability with tools, services, and best practices. Corporation in the United States, other
countries, or both.
Rational software from IBM
Rational software from IBM helps organizations create business value Rational, and the Rational logo are
by improving their software development capability. The Rational trademarks or registered trademarks of
software development platform integrates software engineering best Rational Software Corporation in the
practices, tools, and services. With it, organizations thrive in an on United States, other countries or both.
demand world by being more responsive, resilient, and focused.
Rational's standards-based, cross-platform solution helps software Other company, product or service
development teams create and extend business applications, names may be trademarks or service
embedded systems and software products. Ninety-eight of the Fortune marks of others.
100 rely on Rational tools to build better software, faster. Additional
information is available at www.rational.com and The IBM home page on the Internet
www.therationaledge.com, the monthly e-zine for the Rational can be found at ibm.com
community.
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