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Similar to Eras of music overview
Similar to Eras of music overview (20)
Eras of music overview
- 2. THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600) • Musical characteristics • Vocal music • Text-based/ Word painting • Polyphonic • Imitation • Choral music=no accompaniment • Step-wise, rarely skips or leaps
- 3. NAME THAT COMPOSER! JOSQUIN DES http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Josquin.jpg
- 5. NAME THAT COMPOSER! TOMÁS LUIS DE VICTORIA
- 6. NAME THAT COMPOSER! ORLANDO DI LASSUS http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orland_di _Lassus.jpg
- 7. THE BAROQUE PERIOD (1600-1760) • Musical characteristics • Stays in major or minor • Dance music • Forward motion • Uses more skips and leaps • Ornamentation • Soprano and bass lines important • Basso continuo/ Figured Bass • Cello and harpsichord
- 8. NAME THAT COMPOSER! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Purcell_by_John_Closterman.jpg HENRY
- 9. NAME THAT COMPOSER! GEORGE FRIDERIC HANDEL https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Frideric_Handel_by_Balthasar_Denn er.jpg
- 11. CLASSICAL ERA (1730-1820) • Musical characteristics • Contrast of mood • More movement between major and minor keys • Rhythm • Texture • Melody • Dynamics and the piano • The end of basso continuo
- 13. NAME THAT COMPOSER! http://www.biography.com/people/wolfgang-mozart-9417115 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- 15. ROMANTIC ERA (1815-1910) • Musical characteristics • Love of nature • Emotion vs. rationality • Artist as the creator • Nationalism, Exoticism, and the Supernatural • Leitmotif • Poetry • More chromaticism http://www.buzzle.com/articles/romanticism -characteristics-of-romanticism.html
- 16. NAME THAT COMPOSER! http://www.last.fm/music/Richard+Wagner/+images/40428355 Richard Wagner http://snd.s c/11x7wQE
- 17. NAME THAT ERA! Example #1: http://snd.sc/ZAEYZd a)Renaissance Era All audio music used on this slide can be found at www.search.creativecommons.org Polyphonic Imitation Step-wise, rarely skips or leaps
- 18. NAME THAT ERA! Example #2: http://snd.sc/ZGq93g a)Classical Era Contrast of mood Dynamics and the piano The end of basso continuo
- 19. NAME THAT ERA! Example #3: http://snd.sc/ZAFxCk a)Baroque Era Dance music Ornamentation Basso continuo/ Figured bass (cello and harpsichord)
- 20. NAME THAT ERA! Example #4: http://snd.sc/ZAGACi a)Romantic Era Leitmotif More chromaticism Poetry
Editor's Notes
- The Renaissance Period began in 1400 and ended in 1600. Much of the music from this period is vocal music. Generally, choral pieces did not have any kind of accompaniment. Vocal music was generally text-driven and “painting” of specific words using the music was quite common. Church music was very common. This is where the musical styles like the motet and chanson developed. Much of Renaissance music is stepwise. It is also polyphonic in nature. Each line has their own part and they line up in important and meaningful places. Lines imitate one another.
- The Baroque Period dates from 1600 to 1760. Much of the music from this period tried to create a specific mood, meaning that if it started in a major key, it would stay in that key. The same goes for minor. Opera first developed during this time, along with oratorios, concertos, and sonatas. Many pieces from the Baroque era were used at dances. Dances were a big part of Baroque culture. This is where minuets, gavottes, sarabandes, and courantes came from and are reflected in the music of this time. The fugue is another style of music that appeared during this time. Johann Sebastian Bach composed many fugues throughout his life. These feature independent lines that imitate one another, often at different pitch levels. We’ll listen to an example by Bach shortly. Generally, the soprano and bass lines are the most important. Fugues move forward quite quickly. Another characteristic of baroque music is that it uses many more skips and leaps than they did in the Renaissance. Ornamentation on notes was also very common as the harpsichord was the primary instrument used. The harpsichord is unable to sustain pitch so they needed more notes to make the music more interesting. The main new development during this period was basso continuo which was generally played by a harpsichord or cello. Basso continuo provided the harmonic structure of the piece. Figured bass notation arose from basso continuo. This was the first step toward chord notation.
- http://library.thinkquest.org/27927/Classical_characteristics.htm(Refer to this hyperlink for brief explanations of each characteristic.)
- -Play the musical example from YouTube, which shows the musical score as the piece is being played. The song is “Twelve Variations on “Ah, vousdirai-je, Maman” by Mozart. *What characteristics of music from the Classical era does this piece portray?
- -Listening example: Franz Schubert, “Schubert: 3 Klavierstücke, D 946 - #1 In E Flat” *Do you hear any of the characteristics we discussed in this piece? Which ones and how does this piece differ from music of the Renaissance and Baroque eras? -About Mozart *Most well known and influential composer of his time. He wrote many sonatas and theme and variation pieces. One of his theme and variation pieces is one that might be familiar to you. It is entitled “Twelve Variations on Ah, vousdirai-je, Maman” also known as… I’ll give you a hint: the English title of the piece is the example we just listened too. It is the “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star Variations.” *Composed and played pianoforte from a very young age and was taught by his father Leopold.
- -About Beethoven *Beethoven was one of the most influential figures in the switch to Romanticism. His music is dramatic with the use of large dynamic contrasts between sections, but also within sections of his music. *He composed his entire life, from 1770-1827, despite his hearing loss. By the end of his life, Beethoven was nearly deaf, yet was able to compose one his greatest and final works, “The Ninth Symphony: Ode to Joy.” *Beethoven’s most famous work is his “Fifth Symphony.”-The differences between late Beethoven pieces and Classical music * More dramatic changes ~Changes in music occur faster or more suddenly ~More movement between key areas outside of the tonic and dominant-The similarities between late Beethoven pieces and Classical music *Both music styles use the same outlining technique, which helps audiences to grasp onto elements of a piece more easily. ~These outlines, generally referred to as forms, include the following musical structures: binary, rounded binary, ternary, sonata, sonatinas, etc.
- http://www.buzzle.com/articles/romanticism-characteristics-of-romanticism.html(Refer to this hyperlink for brief explanations of each characteristic.)-I will have a printed copy of the above webpage, which I will have previously highlighted the important aspects of. It is these aspects that will be focused on and pointed at during the presentation of this slide.-Leitmotif: a musical theme that represents a person, an emotion, an object, or something else.The Imperial March= Darth VaderThe Jaws theme= the shark/ a shark attack-PoetryMusic started to be composed that tried to mimic the words from various poems. Often, these poems talked of love or gave an analogy of love.-More chromaticism*More movement between all keys in the Circle of Fifths ~Ways to modulate to keys outside of the tonic, pre-dominant, and dominant areas were being explored*Melodic lines added more chromatics to increase the drama and emotion of each piece. The opening motif of “Tristan und Isolde” is a prime example of this.
- -Listening example: Richard Wagner’s “Tristan und Isolde, Overture” *Are any of the characteristics we discussed present? Which ones and how do they differ from the music in the Classical era? -About Wagner * He is famous for writing for extremely large orchestras—with and without a choir or choirs. He also gained a reputation through his prose writings—which were often seen as bringing up controversial topics during his time—and numerous operas. He is also famous for something music theorists have named the Tristan chord…a fun source of debate among all musicians. ~To name a few of his famous opera works, there are “Tristan und Isolde” and “DerFliegendeHolländer” (or translated as “The Flying Dutchman”).Making a connection to modern music“Wagner's later musical style introduced new ideas in harmony, melodic process (leitmotif) and operatic structure. Notably from Tristan und Isolde onwards, he explored the limits of the traditional tonal system, which gave keys and chords their identity, pointing the way to atonality in the 20th century.”~Richard Wagner, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wagner#Prose_writingsLike Beethoven, Wagner also influenced the change between two musical eras, except Wagner’;s influence made the change from the Romantic era into 20th century music.
- -Instructions: Listen to the following audio clips and identify the musical era they are from. * As each audio clip progresses, I will give hints and cues for things to listen for that will help in the musical era identification process.-Answers will appear on the slides following each audio clip. The following clips were chosen: * Example #1: Renaissance Era ~ MissaPapaeMarcellitranslated as “the Pope Marcellus Mass” by Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
- -Instructions: Listen to the following audio clips and identify the musical era they are from. * As each audio clip progresses, I will give hints and cues for things to listen for that will help in the musical era identification process.-Answers will appear on the slides following each audio clip. The following clips were chosen: *Example #2: Classical Era ~ “Symphony No. 94, 2nd Movement” also known as “The Surprise Symphony” by Joseph Haydn
- -Instructions: Listen to the following audio clips and identify the musical era they are from. * As each audio clip progresses, I will give hints and cues for things to listen for that will help in the musical era identification process.-Answers will appear on the slides following each audio clip. The following clips were chosen: *Example #3: Romantic Era ~ “1812 Overture” by PyotrIlyich Tchaikovsky
- -Instructions: Listen to the following audio clips and identify the musical era they are from. * As each audio clip progresses, I will give hints and cues for things to listen for that will help in the musical era identification process.-Answers will appear on the slides following each audio clip. The following clips were chosen: *Example #4: Baroque Era ~ “Invention in a-minor” by Johann Sebastian Bach