This document discusses environmental protection, laws, and education in the Philippines. It defines environmental protection, education, and law. It outlines key Philippine environmental laws like the Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste Control Act, and Ecological Solid Waste Management Act. It describes the objectives and requirements of environmental impact assessment in the country. It also discusses the National Solid Waste Management Commission and the roles of different government agencies in solid waste management. Finally, it provides an overview of Philippine environmental policy established through presidential decrees.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
Lecturer: RICHARD D. DELA CRUZ/Assistant Professor I
Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur
NSTP TOPIC:

2. ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
ENVIRONMENTAL
LAW
Refers to organized efforts to teach about how natural
environments function and, particularly, how human
beings can manage their behavior and ecosystem in
order to live sustainably.
It is a practice of protecting the natural environment
on individuals, organizational or governmental levels
for the benefit of both the natural environment and
humans.
It is a laws that regulate the impact of human
activities on the environment. Environment law
covers a broad range of activities that affect air, water,
land, flora or fauna.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL
LAW
It includes laws that relate to:
• Protection of animal and
plants
• Planning for the use and
development of land
• Mining, exploration and
extractive industries
• Forestry
• Pollution
• Fisheries
• Land and fire management
• Agriculture and farming
• Waste management
• Climate change and
emissions
• Water resource management
(rivers, oceans and wetlands)
• Chemicals and pesticides
• Weeds and invasive species
• Marine life
• Conservation of natural and
cultural heritage

4. The general functions of most
environmental laws are to:
 Set offences and penalties for
causing harm to the environment
which is not authorised
 Assess, control or stop certain
activities (such as land use and
development) before they are
carried out
 Set policies and standards for
how activities will be controlled
and how environmental decisions
and approvals will be made.
 Enable members of the public to
take part in environmental
decision-making.
 Create regulatory structures for
environmental management,
such as regulatory agencies (e.g.
the Department of Lands,
Planning and Environment)
 Create specialist courts and
tribunals (e.g. the Lands,
Planning and Mining Tribunal

5. Presidential
Decree No.
1586 or the
Environmental
Impact
Statement
System
PHILIPPINE
ENVIRONMENTAL
LAWS
RA 9512 or the
Environmental
Awareness and
Education Act
of 2008
RA 9275 or the
Philippine
Clean Water
Act of 2004
RA 8749 or the
Philippine
Clean Air Act
of 1999
RA 6969 or the
Toxic
Substances and
Hazardous and
Nuclear Waste
Control Act of
1990
RA 9003 or the
Ecological
Solid Waste
Management
Act of 2000

6. Focus of Environmental Education on:
 Awareness and sensitivity about the
environment and environmental challenges.
 Knowledge and understanding about the
environment and environmental challenges
 Attitude concern for the environment and
help to maintain environmental quality
 Skills to mitigate the environmental problems
 Participation for exercising existing
knowledge environmental related programs.

7. Law promoting
Environmental
Education
AN ACT TO PROMOTE ENVIRONMENTAL
AWARENESS THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
REPUBLIC ACT 9512

8. To aid the implementation of different
environmental protection laws and build
capacities other undertakings are:
Training, Seminars, Workshops
Development and production of education materials
Teacher education courses

9. Other Features
Environmental Education and Activities are
part of the National Service Training Program
(NSTP) under the Civic Welfare Training
Service (CWTS) component

10. Philippine
Environment
Law
Presidential Decree No.
1586 Environmental
Impact Statement System

11. Basic DENR policy governing
the implementation of the
Philippine EIS System is:
“to attain and maintain a rational
and orderly balance between
economic growth and environmental
protection”

12. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
(EIA)
ECC – document issued by the DENR/EMB after a
positive review of an ECC application, certifying
that based on the representations of the
proponent, the proposed project or undertaking
will not cause significant negative environmental
impact.
CNC – a certification issued by the EMB certifying
that, based on the submitted project
description, the project is not covered by the EIS
System and is not required to secure an ECC.

13. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
(EIA)
ECP – project or program that has high
potential for significant negative
environmental impact.
ECA – area delineated as environmentally
sensitive such that significant environmental
impacts are expected if certain types of
proposed projects or programs are located,
developed or implemented.

14. LIST OF ECPs
As declared by proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
• Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries,
Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-
chemical industries including Oil and Gas,
Smelting Plants.
• Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and
Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging,
major wood processing projects, introduction of
fauna (exotic animals) in public and private
forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove
products, grazing, Fishery Projects (dikes for/and
fishpond development projects)

15. LIST OF ECPs
As declared by proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
• Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major
Power Plants (fossil-fuelled, hydroelectric or
geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major
Roads and Bridges.

16. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
(EIA)
ECC – document issued by the DENR/EMB after a
positive review of an ECC application, certifying
that based on the representations of the proponent,
the proposed project or undertaking will not cause
significant negative environmental impact.
CNC – a certification issued by the EMB certifying
that, based on the submitted project description,
the project is not covered by the EIS System and is
not required to secure an ECC.

17. Philippine
Environment
Law
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004

18. Water Problems, Threats & Issues in the
Philippines
 Pollution discharges
1. Agricultural wastewaters
2. Domestic sewage
3. Industrial effluents
4. Ship-based residuals
5. Floating garbage
6. Toxic chemicals/hazardous wastes

19. Philippine Water Realities
 58% of wells tested by EMB-DENR were
contaminated with coliform.
50 rivers are considered biologically dead.

20. Philippine Water Realities
Main contributors of organic
water pollutants are
domestics ( ≅
50%);agricultural (>35%) and
industrial (15%) wastewaters.

21. Do you know that there is a law that
protects the Philippines water quality?
 Yes, the Philippines Clean Water Act
of 2004 (R.A.9275) aims to protect
the country’s water bodies from
pollution from land-based sources
(industries and commercial
establishment, agriculture and
community/household activities).

22. What does the Clean Water Act
provides for?
 CWA provides for a comprehensive and
integrated strategy to prevent and
minimize pollution through a multi-sectoral
and participatory approach involving all the
stakeholders.

23. How will WATER QUALITY be MANAGED?
Management of water quality will be
based on watershed, river basin or
water resources region.
Management will be localized.
Multisectoral governing boards
will be established to manage
water quality issues within
their jurisdiction.

24. What are the PROHIBITED ACTS in CWA?
 Depositing material of any kind which
could cause water pollution (e.g.
medical wastes)
 Discharging, injecting or allowing to
seep into the earth any substance that
would pollute groundwater
(toxic/hazardous substances)
 Operating facilities that discharge
regulated water pollutants without the
valid required permits or after the
permit was revoked for any violation

25. PROHIBITED ACTS
 Refusal to allow entry, inspection and monitoring
as well as access to reports and records by the
DENR in accordance with the CWA.
 Refusal or failure to submit reports to the DENR
in accordance with the CWA.
 Directly using booster pumps in the distribution
system or tampering with the water supply in
such a way to alter or impair the water quality.

26. Waste Water Discharge Permit
REQUIREMENTS
A. For new/modified establishments:
1. Engineer’s Report;
2. A copy of the results of sampling analysis of the
establishment’s wastewater characteristics for 4
quarters for the previous year;
3. A copy of the Certificate of Accreditation of the
PCO;
4. Official Receipt for the payment of the fixed fee;
5. A copy of the Environmental Compliance
Certificate (ECC) or Certificate of Non-Coverage
(CNC).

27. Philippine
Environment
Law
RA 8749
PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT
OF 2009

28. This law formulates a holistic national
program of air pollution management
that shall be implemented by the
government.
It focuses primarily on pollution
prevention rather than on control and
provide for a comprehensive
management program for air pollution.

29. What are the Classification of Pollution
Sources?
Stationary source
- Any building or immobile
structure, facility or
installation which emits or
may emit any air pollutant.
Examples are industrial firms and the smoke stacks of
power plants, hotels and other establishments.

30. Classification of Pollution Sources
 Mobile source
- Any vehicle/machine propelled
by or through oxidation or
reduction reactions including
combustion of carbon-based or
other fuel, that emit air
pollutants as a reaction products.
Examples are: cars, trucks, vans, buses, jeepneys,
tricycles and motorcycles.

31. Classification of Pollution Sources
 Area source
- Relatively large areas of
specific activities that generate
significant amounts of air
pollutants.
Examples are: smoking, burning of garbage, dust from
construction, and unpaved ground.

32. Other Pollutants
 Ozone-Depleting Substances – are man-made
compounds containing chlorine and bromine
that have the potential to react with ozone
molecules in the stratosphere.
 Greenhouse Gases – these are naturally found
in the atmosphere and they trap heat close to
the Earth’s surface.
 Persistent Organic Pollutants
 Radioactive Emissions

33. What Can We Do to Support the Clean
Air Act?
 Plant trees.
 As much as possible, walk or ride your bicycle
instead of taking motorized transport.
 Report smoke belchers to the MMDA, LTO, and
other appropriate local government units and
organizations.
 Spread the word about the ban on smoking in
public places.
 Talk to people on what they can do about stopping
air pollution.

34. Philippine
Environment
Law
RA 9003
Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000

35. What is Ecological Solid Waste
Management?
 Refers to the systematic activities which provides for:
• Segregation at source
• Segregation transport
• Storage
• Transfer
• Processing
• Treatment and disposal
• And all other waste management which do not
harm the environment

36. THE NATIONAL SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT COMMISSION (NSWMC)
 Prescribe policies to achieve the objectives
of the Act
 Composed of 17 members:
• 14 members from the government sector
• 3 members from the private sector

37. NSWMC Members
(Government Sector – 14)
1. DENR (Chair)
2. DILG
3. DOST
4. DPWH
5. DOH
6. DTI
7. DA
8. MMDA
9. LPP
10.LCP
11.LMP
12.Liga ng mga Barangays
13.TESDA
14.PIA

38. NSWMC Members
(Private Sector-3)
1. A representative from the Non-Government
Organization (NGOs) whose principal purpose is to
promote recycling and the protection of air and
water quality;
2. A representative from the Recycling Industry
(present Vice Chairman);
3. A representative from the Manufacturing or
Packaging Industry;

39. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE
NSWMC
(Policy Making)
DENR-EMB-NSWMC/S
(Technical Support &
Enforcement)
LGUs
(Implementation)
Waste Generators
RA 9003

40. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF RA 9003

41. MANDATORY!
SEGRAGATION AT SOURCE

49. What are the impacts of improper waste
management?
1. Pollution of air and water:
Contamination of rivers and lakes;
Methane (emission from decaying
garbage).
Causes global warming (21X more potent
than carbon dioxide).

51. The Philippines has not been spared of the
weather-related disturbances and disasters.
The past typhoons have been unusually heavy
and have brought devastation to our country
and our people.

52. What are the impacts of improper waste
management?
2. Diseases:
Rats, cockroaches, and flies-typhoid
fever, meningitis, diarrhea, tuberculosis,
anthrax, worms, typhoid fever, dysentery,
jaundice, etc.

53. What are the impacts of improper waste
management?
3. Flooding:
Clogging of the drainage system.
Situation of rivers and creeks

54. What are the impacts of improper waste
management?
4. Unpleasant surroundings:
Foul odor
Loss of tourism potential

56. Philippine
Environment
Law
RA 6969
TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND
HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR
WASTES CONTROL ACT OF 1990

57. What are the objectives of RA 6969
 To protect the public and the environment
from the risk or potential dangers in the
use or exposure to chemicals from long
term damage brought about by careless
handling or disposal of hazardous wastes
 To regulate the use, movement and disposal
of chemical, hazardous and nuclear wastes
in the Philippines

62. If this little girl is
exposed to lead
The lead is
stored in her
bones as she
grows
When she becomes a
pregnant adult, the
lead moves from her
bones exposing her
fetus to lead.

65. Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
TOXICITY:
Poisonous (acute)
Carcinogenic, teratogenic, or
mutagenic effect on human and
other organism (chronic)
Substance is threat to water supplies

66. Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
IGNITABILITY:
Can create fire under certain
condition;
Friction sensitive substances like
solvents;
Causes or enhances fire

67. Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
CORROSIVITY:
Acidic or basic capable of corroding
metals;
By chemical action, can cause
severe damage when in contact with
living tissue.

68. Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
REACTIVITY:
Unstable under normal conditions and
readily undergo violent changes without
denoting;
React violently with water and create
spontaneously explosive mixtures of
toxic gases, vapors, and fumes; and
Capable of detonating (explosion)

71. Environmental Policy
Refers to the commitment of an
organization to the laws,
regulations, and other policy
mechanisms concerning
environmental issues and
sustainability.

72. Presidential Decree 1151
Philippine Environmental Policy
Governs the general policies on the
pursuits of a better quality of life for
the present and future generations
and mandates undertaking the
environmental impact assessments
for all projects which may
significantly affect the environment.

73. Presidential Decree 1152
Philippine Environment Code
To achieve and maintain such levels of
air quality as to protect public health
and to prevent to the greatest extent
practicable, injury and/or damage to
plant and animal life and property,
and promote the social and economic
development of the country.

74. The Forestry Reform Code P.D. 389
(P.D. 705

75. Water Code of the Philippines (P.D.
1067)
The code covers underground
water, water above the ground,
water in the atmosphere and the
waters of the sea within the
territorial jurisdiction of the
Philippines.

76. Water Code of the Philippines (P.D.
1067)
 The water Code has the following objectives:
• To establish the basic principles and framework relating to the
appropriation, control and conservation of water resources to
achieve the optimum development and rational utilization of these
resources;
• To define the extent of the rights and obligation of water users
and owners including the protection and regulation of such rights;
• To adopt a basic law governing the ownership, appropriation,
utilization, exploitation, development, conservation and
protection of water resources and rights to land related thereto;
and
• To identify the administrative agencies which will enforce the law

77. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 948
National Pollution Control Decree of 1976

78. CHAIN SAW ACT (2002)
RA 9175

79. ANIMAL WELFARE ACT OF 1998
RA 8485

80. Philippine Mining Act of 1995
RA 7942

81. Philippine Mining Act of 1995
RA 7942

82. The overall outcome and
thrust of the successful
implementation of these
environmental laws and
policies will be a region
that feels an increased
connection and
cooperative spirit in
forging societies based
on the principles of
ecological, social and
economic sustainability

83. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR LISTENING!!!