Environmental Sociology Essay

Environmental Sociology Essay
Development processes is connected with environmental degradation and use of natural resources.
Rudel et al. (2011) assumes the present of two distinct waves of development power which control
environment. The first wave of political economy deals with the power of capitalism as the main
agent for environmental degradation, while the second wave concern with the social power
(community) to control the use of natural resources.
In this first wave scenario, the idea is that capitalism is a significant power for shaping the
performance of environment. IPAT/STIRPAT Theory proposes that capitalism is the cause for
environment degradation because ––in combination with rapid population growth and affluence
(prosperity)–– they altogether ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2011) provides examples of this theory by pointing the heavy industrial production in East Asia and
former socialist countries after World War II. Principally, Treadmill Production Theory do not
consider population and affluent as significant factor for environmental degradation, and put more
emphasis on the issue of technology as the main contributor for the decrease of environmental
quality. Both the IPAT/STIRPAT and Treadmill Production theories overlook the condition "behind
the scene", why the technology exists in the process of development. In other words, these theories
do not consider the social actors which are responsible for the present of this technology.
Indeed, the coercion of capital to exploit natural resources is possible only because it is supported by
the conglomeration of powerful social actors behind it. According to Growth Machine Theories,
syndication of vested interests (government, land owners, developers, real estate companies), which
often claim themselves as "pro–growth" coalition, encourages local development through real estate
business activities, while excluding the interest local population who previously occupy the sites for
years (Rudel et al., 2011). Huge commercial farming scheme for the sake of development in rural
areas is other typical of the oppression from outside of the local community which tries to stick the
capital into certain local areas (). Since local community usually has no systematic organization to
balance
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Human Activity : The Environment : Humans And The Environment
the environment is not just a Liberal, Republican or Democratic idea; it's everybody's business. The
environment provides life for every person on this earth, and we must recognize that Earth's
resources are finite. The resources are contained within the boundaries of planet Earth, and are
therefore very limited. Many of our resources can be recycled or regenerated, but it takes time for
this to happen "The rate in which modern human civilization is using up those resources is faster
than they can be naturally regenerated" (Mike Adams Humans vs the Environment). Human activity
is destroying the environment. Since we are cutting down the rain forest, this in return is releasing
gases into the atmosphere. Rivers and oceans are being polluted and causing severe damage.
Hundreds of years ago North America had huge forests, clear, clean rivers, and abundant land for
agriculture. Today land has been over developed, and is over–populated to the point that our
ancestors are rolling–over in their graves from the devastation humans are doing to our planet. The
corporate greed of several large companies such as Monsanto DuPont, oil companies, fast–food
chains, and chemical companies will not stop until every exploitable resource on our planet has been
used up or sold to consumers. We can tell there is not a lot of hope that any meaningful change will
come from any of these companies. "The corporate greed machine will continue rolling forward at
continued growth, more consumption, and

Summary Of Forcing The Spring: The Transformation Of The...
Since the early 20th century the environmentalism movement has migrated from the struggles of
consumers versus producers, or saving the planet as a whole as shown by Donald Worster in
Nature's Economy to a more socio–economic view based on urban growth and industrial health.
Robert Gottlieb's book Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental
Movement argues that as society goes so too does the environmental movement. As the emphasis on
working environments and commercial goods we buy including food changes so too does the
environmental movements. It did not matter whether it was large politically prominent
environmental organizations such as the Sierra Club or the Audubon Societies or any other numbers
of local grassroots ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ecology became an issue thrust into the national limelight for all to see. By bringing the issue to the
national spotlight, it forced the government to take action as shown in the number of laws and
regulations passed in the 1970s. Gottlieb called the 1970s the "Environmental Decade." By the late
1970s, after the Vietnam War was over and many of the sociological and political issues had
subsided several environmental struggles were weakening, possibly due to less sociological interest
seen in the 1960s and early 1970s. Environmental efforts in the 1980s experienced a surprising
resurgence and became a strong global social undertaking. Many people did not understand some
aspects of the environmental movement. One of the reasons for this lack of comprehension may
have been diversity. The terms race, gender, and class were not associated with environmentalism as
late as 1993. Gottlieb attempts to bring these terms into the environmental movement in Forcing the
Spring. Race, gender and class became more important in the environmental movement in the
1990s. Gottlieb attempts to show this new diversity and by doing this he suggest a revised view of
the environmental movement. This new view shows environmentalism as a group of "social

An Analysis Of Neil Postman's Amusing Ourselves To Death
Amusing Ourselves to Death is a novel written by Neil Postman in 1985, which tries to explore how
television has negatively affected the public discourse in modern America. The novel begins by
examining two different literary visions, one being by George Orwell, warning that America will
become a society, which hides information to keep the population immobilized. However it is
Aldous Huxley's vision that Postman essentially agrees with, envisioning a public that is amused by
irrelevant information, not noticing their immobilization of the world around them. Postman states,
"It is a wise and particularly relevant supposition that the media of communication available to a
culture are a dominant influence on the formation of the culture's intellectual ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
First Postman examines how television and the Age of Show Business affect religion and education.
Postman proves religious degradation in the contemporary world through numerous examples of
trivial religious shows present on television. Postman argues that "religion, like everything else, is
presented, quite simply and without apology, as an entertainment. Everyone that makes religion a
historic, profound and sacred human activity is stripped away" (Postman 4 ). He proves this
argument by explaining that a translation will not have the same desired effect after it is done,
therefore since television is a translation of religion, it is impossible to maintain its same values and
meanings when presented through television. Since he states that "the main message of the screen
itself is a continual promise of entertainment" (Postman 5 ) proves that religion cannot be taken
seriously through television, due to our expectation of it being entertaining. Similarly to religion,
education through television is presented in the same way. By stating "Sesame Street' does not
encourage children to love school or anything about school. It encourages them to love television."
(Postman 144) Postman is arguing that due to the numerous educational television programs,
children are associating education with entertainment, and are in no way seeing education as a
serious topic of discourse. CONCLUDING

Chapters 1 and 2 Amusing Ourselves to Death by Neil...
Summary Essay of "Amusing Ourselves to Death"
This is a breakdown of Neil Postman's "Amusing ourselves to death"(1985), which must be written
to explain the effects that high volume of emails, text messages, video games, and internet television
has on the human race and the way we think. In the first chapter of the book "The Medium is the
Metaphor" Postman (1985) begins his argument that he presents through out the book. Postman
(1985) explains how knowledge is no longer gained from print, but from visual. This change is
dramatic and irreversibly and the two print and visual can not accommodate one another. In chapter
2 Postman (1985) lays out a plan for the book. Postman (1985) rants and raves about how television
is evil and has ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Backing up his attestations, he gives several examples. Native Americans communicating long
distances using smoke signals, they could likely not have had philosophical communication. The
limitations of the form affect what can be realistically communicated. As another example President
Taft was a fat man, one who would more than likely not be elected today because of his appearance.
However, in a world without television he would be elected due to his intelligence and political
arguments which held more clout than appearance. Postman's (1985) most important example "the
news of the day" could not exist without proper media to give it expression (p.7).
Even though corruption has always occurred amongst the human race, it was not as bearing on a
person's everyday life until media made it possible for them to be communicated at a faster pace. In
this chapter Postman explains how we have turned from the "Age of Typography" to the "Age of
Television" and how the young require all communication to be in the form of entertainment (p.8).
He implies that our form of speaking works through "media–metaphors" which do not tell us what
the world is like, but instead tells us what it is like without telling us anything. They limit and
regulate what the world must be (p.10).
Postman (1985) then speaks about the clock and how it serves as a metaphor for the way we look at
the world, moments turning into other moments. The clock serves as a conversation man has

Literature Review On The Ecology Of Social Media
Berns, Roberta M. Child, Family, School, Community: Socialization and Support. Cengage
Learning.2016.
Reflection– The secondary source I chose was my class textbook because the book talks about social
behaviors of mass media in children and adults which I will incorporate throughout my paper to
make my argument stronger. There's chapters in the book that give great detail based on research
done, and since it was done recently it will make my ideas clearer and relatable.
Summary–The books main focus is to teach how we are all influenced from our community, and
everyday activities that affect our behavior. I will mainly focus my research from chapter nine on the
ecology of mass media as this chapter goes in depth on how advertisement , and dependency has
affect young children as well as adults.
Evaluation– It's no doubt technology has advanced a lot throughout time which can be overlooked
by the impact it has on peoples thoughts. The advance broadcasting has caused changes in sleep
habits, meal arrangements, and use of time: but not in a good way.
Canty, Justin, et al. "The Trouble with Bullying– Deconstructing the Conventional Definition of
Bullying for a Child –Centred Investigation into Children's use of Social Media." Children Society,
vol.30, no. 1, Jan. 2016, pp.48–58. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/chso.12013.
Reflection–The article I chose is a secondary source focus on the definition of bullying, and
children's culture that I will incorporate in my body paragraph

Media Ecology Theory
MEDIA ECOLOGY THEORY Terms | Definitions | Media Ecology Theory | the medium is the
message; the laws of media (enhancement, obsolescence, retrieval, reversal) demonstrate that
technology affects communication through new technology | media ecology | the study of how
media and communication processes affect human perception, feeling, emotion, and value | | | bias
of communication | Harold Innis's contention that technology has a shaping power on society |
global village | the notion that humans can no longer live in isolation, but rather will always be
connected by continuous and instantaneous electronic media | epoch | era or historical age | tribal era
| age when oral tradition was embraced and hearing was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mark hacks into the databases of various residence halls, downloads pictures and names of female
students and, using an algorithm for ranking chess players supplied by his best friend Eduardo
Saverin (essentially the Elo rating system, written on a window pane recalling a scene of A beautiful
mind), he creates in a few hours a website called "FaceMash.com", where male students can
iteratively choose which of two girls presented at a time is more attractive. Mark is punished with
six months of academic probation after the traffic to the site brings down parts of Harvard's network,
and becomes vilified among most of Harvard's female community. However, the popularity of
"FaceMash" and the fact that he created it in one night, while drunk, brings him to the attention of
Cameron Winklevoss and Tyler Winklevoss, identical twins and members of Harvard's rowing team,
and their business partner Divya Narendra. As a result, he gains a job working for the Winklevoss
twins as the programmer of their website, Harvard Connection. Soon afterwards, Mark approaches
his friend Eduardo and tells him of his idea for what he calls "Thefacebook", an online social
networking website exclusive to Harvard University students. He explains this would let people
share personal and social information securely. Eduardo agrees to help Mark, providing a thousand
dollars to help start the site. Once complete, they distribute the link to Eduardo's connections at the
Phoenix

Wildlife Conservation and Biology Essay
There are 6.5 million species of land mammals. Wildlife biologists get the privilege of studying and
spending time with these animals as their everyday life. I should be a wildlife biologist so I can
study land mammals. Wildlife biology is a field of biology in which land animals are studied. It
deals with all animals with backbones and studies individual species of wildlife, their habitats, and
surrounding ecosystems (Fitzgerald). It also studies how animals may interact with their ecosystem.
Without wildlife biology we would not have extensive knowledge of other animal species, and how
they could be linked to humans. Wildlife conservation in the United States has been based on the
Public Trust Doctrine where in wildlife and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first national park, Yellow Stone National Park, was established in 1872 by Ulysses S. Grant
(Brown). This was one of the last explored areas in the west. This establishing of a national park led
to more wildlife conservation national movements. In 1887 President Roosevelt gathered a group of
influential American hunters in New York to form the Boome and Crockett Club with a mission of
preserving big game in North America (Brown). In the 1930's management of wildlife resources
began in earnest. Funds were mostly provided by levies on hunters (Brown). The 1930s were also
the beginning of wildlife research in the United States. The leader of this effort was Aldo Leopold
(Brown). Wildlife biologists need many years of schooling and hands on experience to become
experts at their jobs. Altogether with bachelors, masters, and doctorate degrees, it is close to 12–14
years. Each university is different in how many credit hours are needed. The areas are general
biology, ecology, genetics, cellular biology, evolution, wildlife management, and fisheries
management (Everyday Life). Deciding on a school is based on what area I want to work in. If I
want to be a marine biologist, schools on the coasts of oceans are the best for me to go to. To
become a wildlife biologist, colleges with programs that focus on land mammals are the best option.
One college that is very popular for this study is Texas A and M University. Texas A and M
University is constantly ranked among

Scin140 Amu Quiz 1 Essay
Quiz 1: Chapters 1 and 2 Part 1 of 1 – 96.0/ 100.0 Points
Question 1 of 25 4.0/ 4.0 Points
Which of the following statements associated with poverty is CORRECT?
1) Poverty is defined as having a per person income of less than $2 per day, expressed in U.S.
dollars adjusted for purchasing power.
2) The number of people living in poverty has been steadily declining and today less than one billion
people live in poverty worldwide.
3) Poverty is a condition in which people are unable to meet their basic needs for food, clothing,
shelter, education, or health. A.1 only B.2 only C.3 only
Correct D.Both 1 and 3 apply as descriptions of poverty.
Answer Key: D Feedback: Section 1.1 Human Impacts on the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A.The actions of humans directly impact the wellbeing of the natural environment. B.Future
generations will have the resources necessary for quality of life. C.A shared global responsibility is
necessary for conservation practices.
Correct D.All of the above are implied by environmental sustainability.
Answer Key: D Feedback: Section 1.2 Sustainability and Earth's Capacity to Support Humans
All of the following statements describe environmental science EXCEPT:
Correct A.No exceptions, all of the above statements describe environmental science. B.The goal of
environmental science is to try to establish general principles about how the natural world functions.
C.Environmental scientists seek to develop viable solutions to environmental problems that are
based as much as possible on scientific knowledge. D.Since environmental problems are generally
complex and scientific understanding of them is often less complete, environmental scientists are
often called on to reach scientific consensus before the data are complete.
Answer Key: A Feedback: Section 1.3 Environmental Science

To test a hypothesis about a given variable, experimental and control groups are tested in parallel.
Which of

Ecocriticism In Silent Spring
As a criticism of the trend, "Ecological criticism" originated from the United States. The publication
of Silent Spring written by Rachel Carson symbolizes the beginning of the American ecological
movement. Just as Uncle Tom's Cabin written by Harriet Beecher Stowe started Civil War, Silent
Spring is the triggers of American environmental protection movement. Since then, ecocriticism
gradually emerged as the times demand.
This concept can be traced back to the 1970s when Joseph Meek came up with the term "literary
ecology" in his essay entitled "The Comedy of Survival: Studies in Literary Ecology " in 1974,
advocating that literary criticism should explore "the relationship between humans and other
species," and carefully examine and explore the literature's impact on human's behaviors and ...
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The first stage of ecocriticism is the research about how nature and environment are expressed in the
literature text. Next stage of ecocriticism concentrated on the promotion of nature–writing literature
that has been neglected for a long time, explore and analyze the history, development, achievement
and writing styles of the former nature–writing works. While the third stage of ecocriticism, the
scholars try to establish the new concept of ecological poetics in the hope of enhancing the
ecological theories construction through the concept of ecological system. Numerous ecological
theories have been founded during the three stages, such as Albert Schweitzer's ethic of reverence
for life, Leopold's ecological holism, Paul W.Taylor's biocentrism, Holmes Rolston's the value of
nature, Tom Regan's animal rights, Peter Singer's animal liberation and so on. This dissertation just
attempts to interpret the ecological thoughts in Toms River by using some of the ecocriticism
theories to reveal the truth about environmental pollution and the attitude and actions people should
take when dealing with environmental

The Animal Liberation Front
Overview
This report will focus the threats inherent within ecoterrorist organisations, such as, 'The Earth
Liberation Front' ('ELF') and 'The Animal Liberation Front' ('ALF'). To understand these threats the
report will aggregate the origins of 'ELF' and 'ALF', both in respect to their ideological
underpinnings and their organisational structure. These factors contribute not only to the past
successes of 'ELF' and the 'ALF' but also to the likelihood of the organisation to undertake violent
acts into the future.
Background Information
In 1979 the establishment of the English environmental organisation 'Earth First!' marked a new era
within the environmental movement that quickly spread throughout the world. This new
organisation espoused ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, the enforcement of anti–terror legislation has also been significant in reducing the
instances terrorist occurrences. Although, the violence committed by the 'ELF' and 'ALF' have lead
to them being considered the most important domestic terrorist threat within the United States (Lutz
& Lutz, 2008, 138). Jarboe maintained that, ''ALF/ELF have committed more than 600 criminal acts
in the United States since 1996, resulting in damages in excess of 43 million dollars'' (Jarboe, 2002).
With no clear, global solution to issues around climate change and environmental degradation, the
rhetoric and ideology that surrounds these groups will continue to attract extremists (Bardi, 2015,
162). It has also been suggested that both the 'ALF' and 'ELF' may eventually turn to violence
against civilians, given the style of leaderless resistance where it has little control over the activities
of others within in the movement (Gruenewald et al,

What is the social ecological model? How can this...
What is the social ecological model? How can this perspective be used in practice to deepen
understanding of the lives of children, young people and families in poverty and promote wellbeing?
In social care services, models and theories are constructed in order to promote knowledge and
understanding of particular areas. With a clear understanding established it enables practitioners to
analyse, debate and practice in the most effective way. The particular model focus for this essay is
the social ecological model established by Brofenbrenner (cited by O'Dell and Leverett, 2011).
Children, young people and families all across the United Kingdom (UK) experience and are
affected by poverty, Bradbury and Janetti (cited by Rixon, 2011, p.15) ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
O'Dell and Leverett (2012, p.2) writes about this and acknowledges that Getting it right for every
child (Scottish Executive,2008) and the Framework for the Assessment of children in need and their
families (DH, 2000) take into consideration this perspective. With these polices in mind, it appears
that the importance of the social ecological framework have been addressed yet not all practitioners
and professionals actively embrace this perspective. In practice, the framework can be used as a
constant reminder of a fact that in the social work system is not always practiced; the child is at the
centre. The importance of the child or young person is paramount. A child or young person's
wellbeing is not demeaned to suit the system, but the system is there to suit the individual,
unconditional of their situation. Children can grow up imprinted with perspectives that have been
pushed onto them, intentional or not. If perspectives have been negative, it is likely to affect the
overall wellbeing of the child. A practitioner can ensure that families are aware of how much a child
is impacted by actively engaging in discussions about wider issues such as the community they live
in and how society reflects onto them. On reflection parents may acknowledge the direct impact of
their personal views and adapt the way they inflict them onto their children. The wellbeing of each
child should be

The Problem Of The Oil Pipeline Project
The current environment we are living in is vastly different than what it was a few decades ago,
urbanization and the industrial revolution have kick started changes within our environment. We
have left our mark on this planet, and it hasn't necessarily been a great one. Comparing images of
the Earth from a couple decades ago to currently, the ice sheets as well as the amount of green are
clear visible differences. Considering we do not have any other options of planets if ours were to
fail, we need to start taking better care of the environment so that it can sustain us. Such matters
would include stopping the oil pipeline project that the United States has plans for. Scientists and
activists actively speak out against the building of such a pipeline as it will have drastically bad
consequences for the climate. The fossil fuel industries have tried meticulously to keep the plans in
action, paying off an environmental scientist, spying on activists and trying to reverse the president's
decision to veto the plans. Philosophically speaking these relate a lot to Chomsky's speaking on the
five filters, and Bookchin's thoughts on the environment. The oil pipeline is clearly a two sided
battle, the industry versus the environmental costs. Climate change is large topic of concern with
more noticeable things changing within the environment and around the world. The rising sea levels,
the ice sheets, the spread of industry, and life as we know it taking away the natural world. There

Capitalism and the Natural Environment Essay
Concept of capitalism can be difficult to understand. It is commonly identified by economist and
political philosophers as a system in which the means of production are privately owned and
operated in the free market in exchange for a profit (Galbraith, 1952). The economical/social system
determines the structure of production, the allocation of inputs and outputs, and consumption of
goods. Capitalism remains popular in America because it values freedom, much like the people in
our country. This is true because it allows individuals to set their own plans and pursue their own
goals; in addition, one can decide what career they would enjoy most, thus creating an incentive and
reward for achieving ones ambitions. In a free market, everyone ... Show more content on
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Capitalism leads to the creation of unprecedented wealth, advanced technology, and wide prosperity.
Yet capitalism is denounced as a system of greed, materialism, and ruthless dog–eat–dog
competition One positive implication capitalism has to the natural environment is industrial ecology,
a system of chain production and consumption, serving to the lowest environmental impacts in a
most environmentally sustainable economy as the main goal of operation (Richards & Pearson,
1998). The Companies in a like to operate in such way because of four major reasons. The most
important factor is known as the corporate well–being, for it is determined by higher profits and
growth provided by innovations in an industry. Profits are increased from recognizing the
production ineffiency costs that comes from wasted inputs and energy losses; this allowing cost
savings to increase and ineffiency to decrease. compliance with cleaner technology alternatives such
as ones that produce less waste and less energy will provide long term savings which are both
beneficial to the environment and the business at hand. A real world example freight company
changes their salvaged driving equipment to hybrid vehicles. Money is temporarily lost, but the
gasoline and maintenances cost savings will compensate in a long run period of time.
Industrial ecological systems are also used because of the consumer demand.

Hosp 594
Week 5 Assignment
Name
HOSP594
Chapter 12
Case Problem: 1
To maintain and hopefully enhance the appeal and quality of its area's natural resources, the city
council has decided that it needs to enact protective laws to help ensure its future tourism success.
What specific laws and regulations might these be? Natural Resources are described in the Code of
Federal Regulations (40 C.F.R.). The C.F.R. defines natural resources as encompassing land, fish,
wildlife, plants, air, water, and other such resources belonging to, managed by, held in trust by,
appertaining to, or otherwise controlled by the United States, any State or local government, or any
foreign government. Natural Resource laws protect such areas as national parks and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
They should also consult environmental experts to give you the pros and cons of establishing new
buildings in the city. Finally they need to hold a community meeting to discuss the topics of new
attractions and zoning, and also to get the perspectives of the community.
Chapter 13
Case Problem: 1
Assume that the federal government has imposed an increase in the gasoline tax of 50 cents per
gallon, effective in three months. How might a motel franchise headquarters organization estimate
the effect on demand that this new tax would have for their member motels, which are located in all
parts of the country? How could a restaurant chain organization operating turnpike food services
make such an estimate? How could a regional airline? Increasing the gasoline tax of 50 cents would
definitely reduce the amount of gasoline brought and sold, and this can have a huge impact for a
motel franchise whether if the demand or supply is perfectly inelastic. For a restaurant, we will be
looking at raising the price of the food and also implying taxes on shipping food cost. As for the
regional airline, a slight increase of the airline ticket will be applied as a sort of taxes (example
September 11 fee). The tax revenue will rise and the increase of the tax gasoline will also increase
government tax revenues. Case Problem: 2
Byron C. is director of development for a major hotel systems firm. His company has formulated a
new concept in resort–type

Preliminary Proposal : Coastal Alaska- Coa Lter
Preliminary Proposal: LTER: Coastal Alaska– CoA LTER
Overview
The CoA LTER aims to better understand how high–latitude marine ecosystems will be affected by
future ocean change, particularly changes associated with glacial discharge and ocean acidification.
Kachemak Bay, Alaska, is the ideal high–latitude model system to conduct this research because of
its 1) wealth of existing data, 2) existing infrastructure (the Kasitsna Bay Laboratory), 3) high
productivity and biological diversity, 4) susceptibility to climate change (in particular, glacial melt
and increasing acidification), 5) link to the open ocean environment of the Gulf of Alaska, and 6)
importance to fisheries and to subsistence communities. The existing environmental and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Consequently, there is a great need for establishing a high–latitude coastal marine LTER in the US.
The ongoing increase in atmospheric temperature is accelerating glacial melt run–off at high–
latitudes, affecting natural environmental fluxes and potentially reducing ecosystem resilience. The
CoA LTER will examine the influence of current and future natural and human–induced variability
and change (e.g., warming of air temperature, and increased glacial melt run–off, and increases in
CO2 concentration) on the marine chemical and physical environment (e.g., pH, carbonate
saturation state, oxygen concentration, salinity, water temperature, sedimentation), and the responses
by biological communities and processes. The long–term time–series data and the biological
experimental results will be used to ground–truth both oceanographic/food web models and
ecological niche models that aim to predict how organisms, communities, and ecosystems will fare
under specific climate change scenarios, e.g., as laid out by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Such models are essential to guide resource management and conservation decisions that
will protectAlaska's precious marine living resources. The research workflow we develop (observe,
experiment, model) can be applied to other high–latitude coastal regions that anticipate an increase
in freshwater discharge with the goal of characterizing the biological impacts of climate

Persuasive Essay On Rights Of Nature
Cedric Quintana
Prof Cassidy Litle
Eng 122–008
July 15, 2017
Rights of Nature
We must take care of our environment by continually educating our youth on natural selection and
the four laws of ecology, and supporting environmental movements that recognize the rights of
nature.
Impacts of climate change are increasingly felt by Earth's inhabitants including us, humans. The
current warming, which is only one degree Celsius, has affected different ecological processes such
as "species' genetics, seasonal response, overall distribution, and even morphology" (Hance).
Species are suddenly disappearing. A study conducted by "PLOS Biology found that more than 450
plants and animals have undergone local extinctions due to climate change" (Hance). ... Show more
(Martin)
We still should maintain that the ecosystem consists of living species, which in their nature have the
right to evolve. Significantly, in 2008 Ecuador granted a statutory right on nature in which a
sustainable model of progress guarantees the "conservation of biodiversity and the recovering
capacity of ecosystems.
For example, "fish and other species in a river may be recognized as having the right to exist and
evolve" (Martin). Ecologists are then pursuing legal protection of nature's right to evolve. This is an
appropriate response to Darwin's implications of natural selection. But why such law does not seize
the attention of the global audience?
Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina are the only countries, so far, which embrace the right of nature to
evolve (Laitos). Instead, we misuse natural resources which results in health–issues and pollution
(Laitos). We also accelerate the nature's course to evolution through artificial selection or selective
breeding.
Artificial selection gets in the development of nature, which in turn produces lesser quality of a
species. As Darwin puts it: "How fleeting are the wishes and efforts of man!", "How short his time,
and consequently how poor will his products be, compared with those accumulated by nature during

whole geological periods." (Martin)
In other words, we weaken the art of nature. We selfishly only look at our own interest. Our own

The Typographic Mind By Neil Postman
In the beginning of chapter four, The Typographic Mind, Neil Postman delivers an impressive
narrative argument about the impact of print information culture on 17th and 19th century minds.
Postman makes a few claims with respect to the contrasts between the written and spoken word. In
this essay, there are four qualities of the typographic mind: attention span, listening ability,
knowledge of issues, and literary language. First, Postman discusses attention span in reference to
America's first debate between Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln on August 21 1858.
Attention span means the length of time during which a person can concentrate on a subject or idea.
Postman first illustrates about people with disciplined minds who are able to attend and listen to a
4–5 hour lecture. People at that time can listen and gather information, so they are able to
comprehend and structure sentences. One debate lasted three hours while another in 1858 went
seven. Postman guarrateeds that Douglas and Lincoln who wrote speeches in advance are pure print
and they have the power of typography to get the audience attention because their language was
clear. The audiences who attended the debate "must have had an equally extraordinary capacity to
comprehend lengthy and complex sentences aurally" (45). Much of it seemed either blindingly
obvious, or like the moanings of a killjoy who can't bear that television is entertaining and that
people are unable "to process it through the ear", therefore

Scin 135 Lab 2
SCIN 135 Lab 2
Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/scin–135–lab–2/ Part 1 of 1 – 82.75/ 100.0
Points
Visit the STEMS website.
Who is the lead organization hosting this website?
A.The Research Branch of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service B.The
Research Branch of the University of British Columbia C.The Research Branch of International
Forest Products Ltd D.The Research Branch of the British Columbia Ministry of Forests Question 2
of 17 5.0/ 5.0 Points
In what state or Province is Sayward Forest on Vancouver Island located?
A.Saskatchewan B.Alaska C.Washington D.British ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Describe in your own words what is unique about the Group Selection treatment. Question 9 of 17
5.0/ 5.0 Points
Describe in your own words what is unique about the Clearcut with Reserves treatment.
Describe in your own words what is unique about the Uniform Dispersed Retention treatment.
Describe in your own words what is unique about the Extended Rotation with Commercial Thinning
treatment.
Describe in your own words what is unique about the Aggregate Retention treatment.
What other smaller–scale silvicultural treatments are being tested? (Note: this has multiple–correct
answers)
A. Thinning to promote a diversity within forest layers B. Retaining individual high value trees––for
bear dens, raptor nests or as an example of old growth C. Allowing standing or fallen dead wood to
remain D. Retaining forests next to streams, lakes, and wetlands. Question 14 of 17 0.0/ 5.0 Points
According to the Map on the STEMS Tour Map page, which treatment takes up the most acreage?

A.Extended Rotation B.Patch Cut C.Extended Rotation with Commercial Thinning D.Clearcut with
Reserve

Environmental Ethics Essay
The Need for Environmental Ethics
"Unless humanity is suicidal, it should want to preserve, at the minimum, the natural life–support
systems and processes required to sustain its own existence" (Daily p.365). I agree with scientist
Gretchen Daily that drastic action is needed now to prevent environmental disaster. Immediate
action and changes in attitude are not only necessary for survival but are also morally required. In
this paper, I will approach the topic of environmental ethics from several related sides. I will discuss
why the environment is a morally significant concern, how an environmental ethic can be
developed, and what actions such an ethic would require to maintain and protect the environment.
The most obvious ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The cost of controlling pollution is that we give up certain consumer goods and services, such as a
new washing machine or hospital, up to the point that we decide that the having the washing
machine or hospital is more important than the environment. Yet, even Baxter admits that it is nearly
impossible to assign values and costs to such different items. Considering modern science, it would
also be difficult to ignore the effect pollution has on many plant and animal species on which
humans depend.
However, a human–centered ethic can be a strong foundation for environmental concern when taken
in context. Human beings are completely dependent on natural ecosystems for survival, though we
have only recently recognized this fact. Despite advances in science and technology, there is still
much about the functions and interaction of different elements of the environment that we just do
not understand. We do realize, however, that our actions impacting the environment will always
affect other humans as well as future generations. Furthermore, we know that to attempt to replace
the natural environment with an engineered one is completely beyond our technological ability, not
mention impossibly expensive. Thus, it becomes imperative to human survival that we develop an
environmental ethic.
Peter Singer's Practical Ethics seeks to extend human–centered Western ethics to include all sentient
creatures (all beings who can

S Invicta Research Paper
Genus species– Solenopsis invicta Buren
Common Name– Red imported fire ant (RIFA)
Invasion Status– S. invicta is on the "100 of the World's Worst Invasive Species" list, which is
compiled by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG 2010) of the Species Survival
Commission of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). A federal quarantine
(Figure 1) has been placed on S. invicta for much of the southern United States being enforced by
the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of
Agriculture (APHIS 2013).
History of invasion–
S. invicta, is an invasive nuisance that was first introduced from South America in the 1930s
(Morrison et al. 2004). It is thought that S.invicta was first ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Updated estimates show the infestation now covers more than 128 million hectares in 13 states and
Puerto Rico (Callcott 2002). As of 2001 S. invicta is also now established on the Caribbean Islands,
New Zealand and Australia. Most recent infestations have been found in Taiwan and mainland
China (Zeng et al. 2005).
Ecology and Natural History–
S. invicta has been shown to have two social forms, a monogyne and polygyne form. The monogyne
system only contains one mating queen, while in the polygyne system there are multiple queens
(Ross 1997). The two are distinguishable by genetic comparison of the Gp–9 locus. The polygene
form is identifiable by all being heterozygotes (Bb) at the Gp–9 locus (Ross 1997). Both social
forms have been shown to occur throughout the United States, although it is thought that the
monogyne form is largely responsible for the initial invasion (Tschindel 1998). Mating flights are
the common form of colony expansion and secondly budding can occur in which a portion of a
colony becomes a self–sufficient unit. On average S. invicta will have six to eight mating flights a
year occurring between the fall and

Six Key Aspects of Ebm
Ecosystem and Human Activity
SIX KEY ASPECTS OF ECOSYSTEM BASED MANAGEMENT
October 27, 2013
Table of Contents
Introduction 3
Six Key Aspects of Ecosystem Based Management..........................................3
Integration of ecological, social, and economic goals and recognition of humans as key components
of the ecosystem.............................................................................3
Consideration of Ecological Not Just Political– Boundaries....................................5
Accounting for the Complexity of Natural Processes and Social Systems and Using an Adaptive
Management Approach in the Face of Resulting Uncertainties.........7 Engaging Multiple
Stakeholders in a Collaborative Process to Define Problems and Find
Solutions..........................................................................................8 Incorporating ... Show more
Urbanized areas also modify microclimates and air quality by altering the nature of the land surface
and generating heat (Oke, 1987). Although ecological impacts of urban development often seem to
be local, urbanization also causes environmental changes at larger scales. Today's cities are
sustained by a socioeconomic infrastructure that operates on global scales; the ecologically
productive area required to support an urban area can be 100 to 300 times larger than the urban
region (Rees & Wackernagel, 1994). A new cooperative relationship between science, business
and policy is needed to gather all the information needed and to find a solution that benefits all of
society. The study of urban ecology ultimately involves studying how to integrate this new
interdisciplinary knowledge about urban ecosystems into policymaking processes––to improve
interactions between policymakers and scientists so as to help society achieve more sustainable
existence. Today, the scientific and political communities lack the effective two–way
communication and trust that they need to address urban ecological problems. Although science can
help society formulate a range of options to achieve societal goals, it cannot make value judgments.
In addition, scientists often cannot deliver definitive answers to questions posed by policymakers.
To be able to find solutions to the larger issues

Automobile Industry
Did you know that all the companies in America have something in common? They are all operating
in an environment of forces that create both threats and opportunities for their businesses. These
environmental forces, which make up something known as the "macroenvironment", include:
demographic, economic, natural, technology, political and cultural. Since the macroenvironment is
generally uncontrollable, businesses often must find ways to adapt to the constant changes. For
example, over the past few years, the auto industry has been affected tremendously by changes in
the technology, natural, and political environments and therefore forced to change their marketing
strategies.
The Technology Environment Kotler identifies the technology ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(See appendix A).
How the Natural Environment Has Affected the Auto Industry The increased gas mileage offered by
the hybrid car would be increasingly important during the first decade of the 21st century because
while technology was increasing so were the prices of natural resources such as oil. Between 2000
and 2006 there was a shortage of crude oil which created fierce competition among the gas
companies (Maple leaf web). As a result, gasoline prices skyrocketed to over $3.00 a gallon in most
areas of the country. Immediately, the increase had a profound affect on the nation and sparked a
change in consumer buying behavior. In fact, a study from Harris Interactive and Kelley Blue Book
Marketing Research, indicated that after the steady price increases, 41 percent of in–market car
buyers either changed their minds about the type of vehicle they would purchase and were thinking
strongly about buying vehicles they normally wouldn't consider. Thirty percent of car buyers also
reported that if gas prices continued to rise by even a mere 25 cents, they would buy a more fuel
efficient vehicle (Kelly Blue Book). Statistics have confirmed these consumer statements, showing a
decline in large SUV and truck sales. By the end of 2004 the GM Hummer sales had declined by 25
percent (Kotler, 97).
How They Political Environment Has Affected the Auto Industry Unfortunately the shortage of oil
was not the only concern regarding the

Problems Caused By The Biophysical Environment
There are a lot of problems that occur in the biophysical environment. These problems differ from
pollution, to dumping in the rivers, lakes, and oceans, to destroying Mother Nature's finest things to
support our wants. These problems seem to always involve us in some type of way. We as human
beings have lived on this earth for thousands of years. To say that we haven't made impact on this
planet would be such an understatement. I think that we are one of the causes for the environment
being the way it is because after reading the several books in the class, every problem that occurs in
the book seem to always revolve around us. I'm not here to blame humans for the poor environment
but we have to accept a fair cut of the blame because we tend to act without thinking of the
consequences. Our actions have caused many species to become extinct. We destroy their homes and
sources of food and the species slowly die out.
It seems to me that we are the problem and if we want to solve the problem, only we can be the
solution. It creates a very interesting topic to talk about. I've seen so many television specials as to
how the earth has changed ever since the human race was born. I've take small actions to help
because even the smallest things can contribute to the health of the planet. This is the only planet we
are able to live on, so therefore I feel that we have to limit a lot of things we have to do. This topic
on how humans hurt the environment interests me so much because I

The Way Things Ought To Be Summary
This review is on the book, The Way Things Ought to Be by Rush Limbaugh. The Way Things
Ought to Be was published in 1992 by Pocket Books. Rush uses humor and popular culture to
discuss his opinions of the way the government ought to work. He was one of the nation's most
popular radio stars at the time that the book was published. His radio show went national in the year
of 1988, after 28 years of being a local radio talk show host in Sacramento. Rush then decided that
he would take his conservative, yet sometimes provocative, beliefs and publish his first book – The
Way Things Ought to Be. Rush is very intrigued by the way in which political and social issues
affect society. He is very confident in the individuals that make up society. In ... Show more content
I picked a few of what I think are the most important arguments to discuss: abortion, feminism,
religion, environmentalism. These topics are very controversial in today's society. The first topic is
abortion. Rush takes the conservative standpoint of pro–life, except in cases of the mother's life
being at risk. He is opposed to abortion because he believes that life begins at conception. He
strongly disagrees with other people's opinions on this topic. According to Rush, supporting abortion
is also supporting crime, illegitimacy, the dissolution of the family, and callousness of the living. He
also says that feminists are the only people to support abortion, because they "want the government
out of their womb". Rush even went as low as to compare abortion with rape. He used the argument
that many women rightfully use in support of abortion – "it's my body and I have the right to choose
what I do with it" – in order to justify rape. He said, "What if a man claimed the right to rape, using
the same principle found in the theory that it is his body and he has the right to choose?" (Chap. 6,
pg. 52, Par. 1, Limbaugh). There is most definitely a difference in rape and having a

I Want to Be a Early Childhood Teacher
Most of my life I have been surrounded by children especially my cousins, nieces and nephews.
I have chosen to go into this field because I want to be one of those early childhood teacher that get
children ready for important part of life. Having little cousins to watch growing up as well my own
children and see them grow in their early education has shown me that I want to be part of that. I
love the thought of being the first person to get the children started with their education by helping
them along the way with fun filled classroom activities and games.
The early childhood are the most vital time for learning, therefore observations, assessments,
planning and evaluation are an important part of the curriculum for children's ... Show more content
In the planning cycle, the planning characteristic can be reflected into the 'respond' section of it.
There are two different planning styles that can be use, the DOPS planning cycle (MoE, 1998) or the
progressive filters which is notice, recognise, respond and possibilities (MoE, 2004a). In the
planning the environment is viewed as the foundation of the child's learning. Te Whāriki defines
planning as "helping adults who work in early childhood education to understand what young
children are learning, how the learning happens, and the role that both adults and other children play
in such learning" (MoE, 1996, p.28). Observations have a very important role in planning for the
child, as the observation shows a lot about a child and what their interests are, which can help to
determine the 'what next' characteristic to extend children interests. Observations help teachers to
plan in regards to what they have seen (MoE, 1996). It helps to create an environment that facilitates
the children's learning, so that they can get the optimal benefits in regards to what they are interested
in. It also indicate what may not be working in the centre therefore the teachers can plan to improve,
or take it out or do something else. Planning is important because this reflects on the children's
learning and should be a continuous process (MoE,

Electronic Technology In Marshall Mcluhan's The Medium Is...
"The major advances in civilization are processes that all but wreck the societies in which they
occur" (A.N Whitehead). Marshall Mcluhan, the author of The Medium is the Massage, would agree
to this and add that electronic technology is "reshaping and restructuring patterns of social
interdependence and every aspect of our personal life" (McLuhan, 8). He would argue that society
has always been shaped by the medium of the media affecting everything from government to
family, leaving no part of us untouched. Using the alphabet for example, is a technology which is
absorbed at a very early age in a completely unaware manner. "Words and the meaning of words
predispose the child to think and act automatically in certain ways" (McLuhan, 8). McLuhan would
add that electronic technology does this in the exact same way, as it encourages unification,
involvement, and commitment. As we grow to learn more about each other, "[w]e have become
irrevocably involved with, and responsible for, each other" (McLuhan, 24). If we don't conform
McLuhan believes we will eventually enter into an "Age of Anxiety", where we "... do today's job
with yesterday's tools – with yesterday's concepts" (McLuhan, 9). This causes us to live in a rear
view mirror society, and McLuhan says one must use tools of the present to make sense of the
present. George Orwell author of 1984 would have a lot to say about this particular topic for
instance, "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the

Environmental Economics: A Short Evaluation of the...
"Ecosystem service valuation" is the administration of monetary worth, relative worth, utility or
importance to the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment Report (MEA) grouped ecosystem services into four broad categories: (i) "provisioning
services" – production of food and water; (ii) "regulating services" – control of climate and disease;
(iii) "supporting services" – nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and (iv) "cultural services" –
spiritual and recreational benefits. Examples of these services have been articulated by mass media
as the way rainforests and wetlands affect global climate systems, or the devastation of codfish
populations by overfishing. As human populations grow, so do the resource demands imposed on
ecosystems and the impact of our global footprints. We know for certain that without the services
provided by the ecosystem, the Earth would be uninhabitable for humanity. In this paper I will
discuss the positives and negatives of the monetary valuation of ecosystem goods and services to
demonstrate that without a doubt, assigning such a system to these services will aid in the creation
of more sustainable development outcomes.
Sustainable development is understood as an organizing principle for human life on a finite planet,
which works toward the preservation and endurance of diverse biological systems. Throughout
history we have seen interdependence between economic growth and environmental

Green Barrier to China's Export
Introduction
As the world economy moves towards globalization, China has become more open to trade with
other countries. Its international trade volume had risen from US$20.6 in 1978 to US$1,422 billion
in 2005 (Wang & Liu, 2007). Since China's exports mainly focus on the labor intensive and
resource intensive industries, this exports pattern causes a serious environmental problem in China.
Green barriers become a kind of emerging non–tariff barrier which is used for the developed
countries to protect their production and economic development in recent years. The main forms of
green barriers include green tariff and market access, green packaging and labeling requirements,
green technology standards, Green health inspection system, ... Show more content on
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In fact, "Green barriers are the outcome of economic development". On the one hand, production
and development of technology increase people's income and living standards. On the other hand, it
has irreversible negative influence on the natural resources and environment, such as desert
encroachment, deforestation, water shortages, acid rain, biodiversity reduction (Wang & Liu,
2007, p.2). Therefore, many regulations and principles point out that international trade must
integrate with the environment and the economic development. To this extent, green barriers have a
rational and positive effect on protecting environment as well as the health of human beings,
animals and plants. Specifically, the reasons are explained as follows.
First, a green barrier has been widely accepted by WTO members in principle as an environmental
measure related to trade. The European Union has applied ISO 14000 to request all imported goods
meet environment standards. Second, green barriers are not only embodied in environmental and
technological effects, but also in aligning world production according to true comparative
advantage. One country will have a positive effect on its neighbor and global environment through
protecting the environment, so green barriers has a positive global externality. Third, strict
environmental regulations can improve efficiency and encourage innovations that improve

Sci 115 Week 5 Assignment 1 Biology Article
SCI 115 WEEK 5 ASSIGNMENT 1 BIOLOGY ARTICLE
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biology–article/ Contact us at:
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SCI 115 WEEK 5 ASSIGNMENT 1 BIOLOGY ARTICLE
SCI 115 Week 5 Assignment 1 – Biology Article
Assignment 1: Biology Article
Use the Internet and / or the Strayer Learning Resource Center to research aspects of biology.
Select one (1) article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it that pertains to biology.
This will serve as the "target article" for this assignment. For instance, you can select an article
about medicine, invasive species, nature, conservation, genetic technology, ecology, or any other
topic that is related to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Select one (1) article from a magazine or newspaper that has something in it that pertains to biology.
This will serve as the "target article" for this assignment. For instance, you can select an article
about medicine, invasive species, nature, conservation, genetic technology, ecology, or any other
topic that is related to biology. One purpose of this assignment is to help you become aware of how
biology is related to your everyday life.
Write a one to three (1–3) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize the article in one (1) or more paragraphs, using your own words. Be sure to identify
the article using an in–text citation in the body of the paper, as well as a reference in the reference
section.
2. Explain how the article relates to this course. Identify which biological concepts from the course
and / or text are relevant to the topic covered in the article. Citing the course text, discuss the ways
in which this course does (or doesn't) provide background information to help you understand the
article and the larger issues surrounding it.
3. Explain why the article caught your attention. Relate the article to your life and to issues that are

Sustainability. Sustainability Is A Concept To Meet The
Sustainability Sustainability is a concept to meet the needs of the future generation. Sustainability
has been developing through the concern of society to the economy and ecology. Sustainability is
important in the long run because we live depending on the natural resources that we have so in
order for us to have a better life. In our generation we are already experiencing global warming,
ozone depletion, greenhouse effect we have to prevent it because it is us who will suffer from the
effect of those problems. So we should start on solving these issues by minimizing the usage of
natural resources or we could replace it to be able for the next generation to have a resource to be
use. It can also effect in the business in the long run ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4. The natural capitalism idea is that business will have opportunities without limitations in the
resources. In order to be able to maintain its profit business should practice sustainability, to
increase the productivity, closed loop can also be applied and adopt zero waste in the industry to
eliminate waste and recognize natural resources.
5. Natural step aligns to stakeholders to understand the decisions and to be able to apply
sustainability. In order for the community and the organization to be successful there should be
proper implementation and right usage of the resources.
6. The approach of the natural step is to have sustained by creating different strategies in order to
have a healthy and to continue the process. There are four phases of the program: stakeholders
should have a common understanding and common decision to be able to meet sustainability,
7. Industrial ecology is considered as the science of sustainability. The concept of industrial ecology
is like ecosystem there should be no waste and the end of the one process should be the beginning of
another. So we should know how to replace by of what we use in because a natural resource has its
limitations.
8. Zero Emissions Research Initiative (ZERI) goals are to have sustainability of biodiversity, to
eliminate waste, to have creativity and efficient design. Like Natural Step it has a similar concept

Dicore Case Study
1. External Analysis
In order to understand the environment of the mining industry and evaluate Dicore's competitors and
customers, this chapter will adopt some tools, such as PESTEL and Porter's five forces, to analyze
the external environment of Dicore International.
2.1. PESTEL Analysis
The PESTEL framework is often used to analyze the broad macro–environment of an organization
(Johnson et al, 2014). Thus, it is used in this chapter to identify how the trend of drilling industry
can be affected by the political, economical, social, technological, ecological and legal factors.
2.2.1. Political Factors
There were two bans on offshore drilling raised during 1980s in the United States, in response to the
damage ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, drilling sites are always located in inaccessible areas that cannot provide a comfortable
working condition. Therefore, it could contribute to a lower level of operational productivity.
2.2.4. Technological Factors
The overall mining industry profits declining in 2013 came along with the declining of investment,
which may lead to a lack of funds in research and development in the mining industry, and slow
down the innovation process of drilling equipment to achieve faster and more accurate drilling.
Besides, better equipment can also address the issue raised by the "bonus pay" which often results in
damaging equipment or mineral.
2.2.5. Ecological Factors
The environmental regulations could impose the operating expenses of drilling, particularly in the
southwestern region. To be more specific, the drilling company has to take full responsibility to
reverse any damage that it may cause to the environment.
2.2.6. Legal Factors

More than one licence is required for a company to offer a full range of drilling services in
southwestern region. This may be a slow and complex process and may influence the company's
performance to some extent. Yet it is still much more stable than the rest of the factors that might
change the macro–environment.
2.2. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
The Five Forces Framework will be adopted in this chapter to identify the attractiveness of the
drilling industry

A Specie's Vulnerability to Population Decline Essay
Policy– and decision–makers claim information about the causes of population declines which
driving species on the brink of extinction (). However, it is pointed out that the causes of
vulnerability remain unclear to explain the variation to the risk of extinction (). According to
Reynolds (2003), vulnerability is determinate by both the decline of species population and the
reduction of their geographical range. These two forms of vulnerability are affected by both species'
mortality and habitat loss, which are the causes of intrinsic biological traits, extrinsic human induced
effects and stochastic factors that likely determine the population trends (). It is suggested that
extinction risk is not distributed by chance between taxa, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Strong sexual selection is also considerate important in predispose species to extinction risk,
because species with exaggerated traits or sexually dimorphic have high selection reducing their
genetic variability (Morrow & Pitcher 2003). In addition, densities of migrants and residents species
are likely different because is predicted that migratory species could affront more risky in breeding
and stopover sites than residents ones, then migratory behaviour should be related with extinction
risk (). However, it is clear that intrinsic factors by themselves are not explained the entire extinction
phenomenon (). On the other hand, species vulnerability might not be explained only by their
internal biological traits because they are interacting with the external environment. Therefore,
extrinsic hypotheses have been proposed to elucidate their populations range size and abundance.
For instance, human impact is one of the main current causes of habitat loss and mortality of natural
populations due to a massive human–population growth (). It is also thought that the
biogeographical region occupied by a species has an effect in their risk of becoming extinct such as
species living in islands (). Nevertheless, the interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic factors may
give more details about the vulnerability to extinction in some species, because some intrinsic

Gesabelle
Instructional Unit on Ecology Week 6
Zachary Spooner
SEI 500
January 14, 2014
Michael Conway
SIOP® LESSON PLAN
Date: 12/5/12 | | Zachary SpoonerGrade/Class/Subject: Grade 8, Team A, Science | |
Unit/Theme: Introduction to Basic Concepts of Ecology
Standards: Region: USA– NAS– Science Education Standards
National Academy of Science
Type of Standard: Science Content Standards
Grade Range: Grades 5–8
Content Standard: Life Science
Area– POPULATIONS AND ECOSYSTEMS:
A population consists of all individuals of a species that occur together at a given place and time. All
populations living together and the physical factors with which they interact compose an ecosystem.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It covers the same information in the text but uses more simple language and includes pictures
associated with each vocabulary words. This is supplementary to the text so EL students and English
speaking students should each read both the handout and the text. The only exception would be for
EL's who's language challenges make it impossible for them to gain any comprehension from the
text. Most EL students will be encouraged to at least spend some time trying to read and understand
the text before goig over the handout. * Pass around some interesting photographs relating to
ecological systems to help gain some interest and motivation around the topic. * Further build
interest by discussing some interesting topics and facts related to ecology and

Ecological Change in New England under Native Americans...
Although the colonial history of New England has been thoroughly researched and taught across all
levels of educational institutes across the United States, the study of its environmental history often
takes a backseat to America's complex and enthralling social and political history. This trend has
been abating in recent decades, given that more Americans have taken an interest in their
environment and conservation, and in response to this new demand the field of environmental
history was initiated by historians like William Cronon, who explores the changes in the New
England environment under the stewardship of Native Americans and European colonist in Changes
in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England. Cronon's work ... Show more
The popular view among the colonists regarding their deep ecological footprint was that it was
furnished by an approving God, meaning that they could utilize this blessing as they saw fit. Using
the land to farm and graze animals was in their view, "improving the land," and thus another
signifier that they held more of a right to own it, as opposed to the "lazier" Native Americans who
tended to hunt and gather food more than the colonists. Cronon gives us good insight into the sound
methodology that historians used to determine the environment at that point, from primary sources
describing the environment or various phenomenon, to the presence of various local statutes dealing
with the environment that hinted at the changing state of the colonial settlements and wilderness.
From most accounts, it seems that most colonists were unaware of the complex relations that existed
between them, Native Americans, and the environment. Cronon's work meticulously details the
chasm between the colonial and Native American outlooks on the environment and on each other.
Europeans were grounded in a mercantile economy and judged the environment by the resources it
afforded an aspiring entrepreneur who had to find a way to turn a profit and repay debts and other
capital expenditures (20). Many letters sent back to the Old World by colonists detailed the
abundance of flora

Deep Ecology And Religion Essay
Through this portion of class readings and discussions, we have sought deeper meaning and
understanding of philosophies of individuals and organizations that revolve around the fundamental
aspects and notions of deep ecology and eco–activism. These associations offer more views and
attitudes on how an individual and society can create and maintain a kinship and positive influence
with the natural environment.
Like deep ecologist's view on the metaphysical relationship of man and nature. Eco–activist's
contend to a belief of "ecology as religion"(Kinsley 193). They take their duty with the environment
as a deeply spiritual, physical, and emotional connection. Specifically, an environmental–action
group called Green Peace, brings forth a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This objective is to start with a small or local community to implement the redefinition of nature's
role with mankind instead of losing the context
This will allow the opinions and assumptions towards the planetary consciousness to slowly
penetrate the 'roots' of society. An example of the type of movement to start changing ideology
locally is "bio–regionalism" movement which aims to rebuild our cosmology locally and putting a
greater emphasis on an individual's place in the natural world particularly the resources that
immediately surround them.
This idea of finding your place is an exceptional solution for an individual to get back in touch with
nature further it will allow an individual to have a deeper connection and knowledge with the people
that encircle them. Chad Myer, who spoke to our class about Bioregionalism claims that economic
globalization, has led us to displacement with people, environment, and ourselves. This
globalization stemmed from the colonization of America. As the Europeans migrated the sense of
individuality rose while the sense of belonging decreased.
In order to reverse this individualism "Bio–regionalism" and Green Peace and other deep ecology
organizations believe that society should reconstruct their lifestyle's and belief's to image that of the
Indigenous Americans. Utilizing their conception of nature as kin and taking on a lifestyle that is
both nurturing and respectful to

Community Conceptual Model
Community Conceptual Model
Community Conceptual Model Conceptual models are effective guides and tools used for nursing
practice. They merge concepts and ideas providing a framework for how to think or demonstrate the
elaborate connections between concepts, structures, or a system. They categorize existing
interrelationships amid concepts into ways that can effectively direct actions and interventions. The
objective of this paper is to define and examine the social ecology model and its application to the
nursing process and community health problems. Historical Development The historic development
of the social ecology model originates back to the systems theory and Dr. Urie Bronfenbrenner's
social ecological ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Development of policies that support healthy lifestyles will support health promotion, education,
and continuity of care. The final stage is evaluation of the effectiveness of the interventions.
Applications in Community Health The social ecological model is often used for studies with high
risk populations. Efforts to prevent obesity and other chronic diseases often use the social ecological
model. The model looks at all levels of influence that need to be addressed to encourage healthy
lifestyles. Addressing obesity and other chronic disease begins with the individual. This involves
assessing an individual's beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge. Through relationships and support of
family, schools, communities, and government, behavior can be changed. Interpersonal groups in
this model are families, friends, or any group interrelated will also influence healthy behaviors. They
can provide support in eating right and increasing physical exercise. Community level includes
schools, churches, work, and other groups that influence the individual. The community can support
policy change and improvements in the environment for example improving access to healthy foods,
changing zoning ordinances, and providing recreation centers providing physical exercise. Society is
the level that encompasses all levels, involving individual, interpersonal groups, organizations, and

A Short Note On The Global Ecology Center
Arch 100 Term Paper.
The Global Ecology Center
Lihao Wang,
May 19
The word "sustainable" is very popular recent years. Many countries are trying to reduce the carbon
emission. They tried controlling the smoke of the car. They tried controlling the use of the electric
and recycle everything they can use again. However, the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of
buildings is more than either the transportation or industrial sectors. According to US Green
Building Council's research,In 2004, total emissions from residential and commercial buildings were
2236 million metric tons of CO2, or 39% of total US. Also, buildings consume 70% of the
electricity load in the US.(USGBC) A building called Global Ecology Center reduced 72% reduction
in carbon emissions and 50% in embodied carbon for building materials. Global Ecology Center is
located in Stanford, and it was chosen as an AIA Committee on the Environment Top Ten Green
Project for 2007. The capacity is 10,900 ft2. It completed in March 2004. Global Ecology Center
combined with laboratories and offices. It owned by and occupied by Carnegie Institution of
Washington, Corporation.(nonprofit) All told, the GEC achieved a 72 percent savings over a 2001
California Title 24–compliant building, the strictest energy code in the nation, for a modest capital
cost premium paid back between two and five years. In short, this is a good example for the
sustainable buildings and works very well. I visited the building twice and I found

Environmental Interupstions
Chapter 01
Environmental Interrelationships
Multiple Choice Questions
1. An area of land in which there is little or no human development is referred to as a
A. tract development.
B. reserve.
C. wilderness.
D. multiple land use.
2. Environmental science is an interdisciplinary area of study that deals with all of the following
except
A. politics.
B. economics.
C. ethics.
D. All of these are correct.
3. An ecosystem is
A. the transition zone between grassland and desert.
B. a group of interactive species and their environment.
C. a body of freshwater.
D. the lowland area on either side of a river.
4. The major benefit of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem Management Plan is
A. the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
UNCED.
B. UNESCO.
C. AASHE.
D. STARS.
Which of the following best matches the description?
20. Severe climate with areas that take a long time to repair.
A. wilderness North

B. industrial Northeast
C. agricultural Middle
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West
21. Water is an extremely valuable resource.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West
22. Dominated by large metropolitan complexes.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West
23. Native American culture is changed through government policy and technology.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West
24. Timber companies maintain that they must have access to old–growth forests.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West
25. Ranching and raising livestock is common.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E. dry West
F. forested West

26. Fertilizers and pesticides enter the ground water.
A. wilderness North
D. diverse South
E.

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