The Environment Protection Act of 1986 was enacted in India to provide a framework for the protection and improvement of the environment, particularly in response to the Bhopal gas tragedy. It includes provisions for the prevention and control of environmental pollution, outlines the powers of the central government, and establishes penalties for violations. The act has faced challenges such as legal disputes over plastic bans and highlights the need for awareness and community participation in environmental issues.

1. Submitted by:
Surbhi Gupta
MBA – HRM
CUJ, Jammu
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
ACT

2.  The environment protection act came into force after the
Bhopal gas
Tragedy and it is considered as umbrella legislation
designed to
provide framework for central and state government .
 The constitution of India clearly state that it is the duty
of the state to “protect and improve the environment
and safeguards the forests and wildlife of the country”.

3. OBJECTIVES
 Providing for the protection and improvement of
the environment.
 Preventing environment pollution in all its forms.
 To tackle specific environment problems that are
peculiar to different part of country.
 To protect forest and wildlife in the country.
 To appoint environment officers to check
environment pollution and establishing
laboratories. &Many more...

4. Scheme of the act
The environment protection act, 1986 has 26
sections and it has been divided into four
chapters relating to
i) Preliminary
ii) General Powers of central government
iii) Prevention, control and abatement of
environment pollution
iv) Miscellaneous.

5. Preliminary
Short title, Extent and commencement.
The environment protection act enacted under article
253 of
Indian constitution. To protect and improve
environmental
quality, control and reduce pollution from all sources.
• This act may be called the environment act 1986.
• It extends to whole of India.

6. IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY
 Sec 2(a) -“Environment”.
 Sec2(b) -“Environment pollutant”.
 Sec 2(c)-”Environment pollution”.
 Sec 2(d)-” Handling”
 Sec2(e) -“Hazardous substance”
 Sec2(f)-”Occupier”

7. General power of central government
To make rules to regulate environment pollution to notify
standard
and maximum limits of pollutants of air ,water and soil
for various
areas and purpose. prohibition and restriction on
handling of
hazardous substance and location of industries
• Under sec(3)
• Under sec(4)
• Under sec(5)
• Under sec(6)

8. Prevention, Control and abatement of environment
pollution
 The central government has power to take all such
measures that are necessary for the purpose of
protecting, improving and prevention of environment
such as:
Laying down standards for quality of environment in
various aspects.
Restriction of areas in which industry operation shall
carried out.
Examination of manufacturing process ,materials and

9. Penalties
 One of the objective of EPA is to provide for
deterrent punishment to those who endanger
human environment safety and health.
Sect 15 of EPA provides that any person who fails
to comply or
contrivance any provision or rule or act he shall be
punishable.
 With a fine of 1 lakh.
 With imprisonment for term for 5 year.
 Or both.

10. Offences
 Sect 16 of EPA incorporates the principle “vicarious
liability” of person incharge, direction, manager
secretary or other officer for offence if committed by
company.
However if the person in charge of responsible for
conduct of
business of company is not held liable if he proves
o That the offence was committed without his
knowledge.
o That he exercised all due diligence care to prevent

12. Why ODD and Even formula ???
To curb air pollution and
road congestion on Delhi
roads.

13.  In dec 2015 before the odd even programme began daily
pollution trends in delhi and neighbouring region were
similar.
It is possible to go one step further in our analysis by
tracking pollution changes hour by hour, since the odd-
even policy was only in effect from 8 am to 8 pm.

14. HC refuses to stay plastic ban; asks plastic
industry to go to Green Tribunal
The Karnataka High Court has ban single use and
non-recyclable plastic products across the State,
based on technical grounds.
The State government had issued the plastic ban
order on March 11th, 2016, under Section 5 of the
Environment Protection Act.
 Plastic manufacturers led by Canara Plastics
Manufacturers and Traders had filed a petition in
the High Court recently, challenging the plastic
ban.

15. Plastic ban reduced plastic waste
by 10%
 During the hearing on Tuesday advocate
madhusudhan R naik appearing on behalf of state
said that studies have proved the environment
hazards caused by plastic.
To the claims made by manufactures the ban will lead
to closure
Of industry and job loss then the advocate said several
plastic
products are exempted from the ban.

16. During last 15 days of plastic ban implementation
has been reduction of plastic waste upto 10% in
bengaluru.
And the situation will improve in nexth 1 month if
ban continues. It not the public who appealed to
lift the ban .The plea is the group with business
interest.
Referring to public objectives and suggestions the
AG said that over 10,000 objectives were from
labourers in plastic industries & public have
suggested to include even other plastic products
to banned list.

17. How the Green data center revolution affects
your website? – By John Stevens (Mar 29, 2016)

18. Affect location
factoring
Slow loading
time
Off site
location

19. Time to think:
1. Carbon footprints of average size data center ranges from between
3 million and 130 million kgs of produced CO2.
2. 24% of annual budget of a large data center is devoted to power
costs or delaying the technological upgrades which make your
website run efficiently.
What if, all data centers
in the world formed a
nation
5th largest
consumer of
energy on planet.

20. Time to Act:
Amazon
Solar array and 3 wind farms
Google
More creative
Housed in former paper
mill
Data center built over old
Tunnel
Cold ocean water to cool
the building
Facebook
In Arctic Circle
Advantage of Nordic Air
Using the heat generated
by data center in keeping
the office warm.
Microsoft
They are researching on
use of sustainable
underwater pods to
address the rising costs.

22. This Earth day, Do your part and recycle
your old vehicle batteries.
By Ray Shemanski (22 April, 2016)

23. Yet, more than 1 million batteries are not being
responsibly recyced every year.

25. GE and American Water announce
Digital Alliance.
25 April, 2016
GE Predix, a cloud platform built to
cater the water challenges.

26. • Reduce environmental impact and operating cost
• Creating a secure H2O future.
Goal
• Software development for advanced predictive analytics
and diagnostic tools
• Provide real data.Mission
• Reduce usage of freshwater by 20%with respect to 2011
baseline.
• Helped customers treat water - 3 billion gallons per day
and to reach 7 billion gallons in the next 10 years.
Vision

27. Case Study : “The Ganga issue”

28. What should be done?
 Heavy Fines
 Volunteers should be assigned to clear physical
wastes ;like plastic from the water
 Awareness programmes and campaigns must be
conducted, making people aware of the condition
of Ganga, the consequences and they should be
asked to eliminate the causes of pollution in the
Ganges.