Organization of MoEF, Environment Protection Act and 3R

1. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT &
FORESTS
(ENVIRONMENT SECTOR)

2. MoEF
• The Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF)
is the nodal agency in the administrative
structure of the Central Government for the
planning, promotion, co-ordination
• It oversees the implementation of India's
environmental and forestry policies and
programmes.

3. Objective
While implementing the policies and
programmes
• Ministry is guided by the principle of
sustainable development and enhancement of
human well-being.

4. Role
Conservation of the country's natural resources
by implementing policies related to --
• Lakes and rivers,
• Biodiversity, forests and wildlife,
• Welfare of animals,
• Prevention of pollution

5. Duties of MoEF
• Conservation and survey of flora, fauna,
forests and wildlife
• Prevention and control of pollution
• Afforestation and regeneration of degraded
areas
• Protection of the environment and
• Ensuring the welfare of animals

6. MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(DIVISIONS UNDER ENVIRONMENT SECTOR)
SECRETARY
Additional
SECRETARY
Joint
SECRETARY
Joint
SECRETARY
Additional
SECRETARY
Joint
SECRETARY

7. Additional
SECRETARY
Joint
SECRETARY
I
Joint
SECRETARY
II
Advisor

8. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT &
FORESTS
(DIVISIONS UNDER FORESTRY &
WILDLIFE SECTOR)

9. MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(DIVISIONS UNDER FORESTRY & WILDLIFE SECTOR)
SECRETARY
Director General
Additional DGF
(Director General
of Forests )
Joint
SECRETARY

10. Additional DGF
(Director General
of Forests )
Director
IGF
(Inspector General
of Forests )
IGF
Wild Life

11. At the National level, the organization includes
• Director General of Forests
• Special Secretary to the Government of India
• Additional Director General of Forests,
• Inspector General of Forests,
• Deputy Inspector General of Forests, and Assistant
Inspector General of Forests in the Ministry of
Environment & Forests, New Delhi
• It is supported by Regional Offices headed by
Additional
• Principal Chief Conservator of Forests/ Chief
Conservator of Forests.

12. Environment protection act

13. INTRODUCTION
• India has worlds largest democracy with
population of 1.1 billion. It is diverse country
with number of languages, religions, cultures
etc.During the past decades also the economic
and industrial growth of the country has been
extremely fast.
• Increasingly serious environmental degradation
events during the last century have given a
strong impetus to the need for taking effective
steps of environmental protection.

14. Environmental protection law in
india
• Constitution of india has a number of provisions
demarcatings the responsibility of the central and
state/governments towards ‘environmental
protection’. The constitution of india makes
provision for environmental protection in the
chapters on:
• Fundamental Rights
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Fundamental Duties
• The parliament of india has passed several acts
ands laws in order to protect the environment.

15. Features and objectives of the Act
• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(passed in March 1986 and came into force on
19 Nov. 1986).
1. The E.P. Act was enacted under Art.253 of
the Constitution of India.
The Act seeks to supplement the existing laws
on control of Pollution by enacting a general
legislation for environmental protection.

16. Contd…..
The Act makes the central government, the
repository of wide powers.
(whereas the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974 and the Air (Prevention and
Control) Act, 1981 entrust the task of control of
pollution on agencies created by the statute
namely state and central pollution control
boards.)
Rule making power of the Central Govt. is the
main feature of this Act.

17. Contd…….
The objective of the E.P. Act is much wider in
comparison to water Act and Air Act.
(While the Air Act and Water Act deal with
prevention and control of specific kinds of
pollution, the E.P. Act deals with prevention and
control of all sorts of pollution.
Besides prevention and control, the Act aims at
protection and improvement of the Environment.

18. Scheme of the act
The Act consists of –
(a) 26 Sections divided into four chapters.
Chapter I – Secs. 1 and 2 (PRELIMINARY)
Chapter II – Secs. 3 to 6 (GENERAL POWERS OF THE CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT)
Chapter III – Secs. 7 to 17 (PREVENTION, CONTROL, AND ABATEMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION)
Chapter IV – Secs. 18 to 26 (MISCELLANEOUS)
(b) Seven Schedules dealing with emission standards of air,
noise, effluents etc. have been appended to the Act.
(c) Various Rules Including Environment (Protection) Rules
have been framed under the Act

19. Environment Pollution - Meaning
Sec. 2 ( a ) of the Act defines the term
Environment. “Environment includes
water, air and land and the inter-
relationship which exists among and
between water, air and land, and human
beings, other living creatures, plants,
micro-organism and property.”

20. Contd….
Sec. 2 (b) defines Environmental Pollutant:
“environmental pollutant" means any solid,
liquid or gaseous substance present in such
concentration as may be, or tend to be,
injurious to environment.

21. Contd.
Sec. 2 (c) defines environmental pollution:
"environmental pollution" means the
presence in the environment of any
environmental pollutant

22. Hazardous substance
• Any substance or preperation by its physico
chemical property or handling liable to cause
harm to Human or environment.

23. General Powers of the Central
Government
1. To take all necessary measures for
prevention, control and abatement of
environmental pollution. Sec. 3(1)
2. such measures are enlisted in sec. 3(2)
3. Authorities can be constituted . Sec. 3(3)
4. Appointment of Officers. Sec. 4
5. To issue Directions and orders. Sec. 5

24. Section 3 - POWER OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO TAKE
MEASURES TO PROTECT AND IMPROVE ENVIRONMENT
(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the
Central Government, shall have the
power to take all such measures as it
deems necessary or expedient for the
purpose of protecting and improving the
quality of the environment and
preventing, controlling and abating
environmental pollution.

25. Contd….
(2) In particular, such measures may include measures with
respect to all or any of the following matters, namely:--
(i) co-ordination of actions by the State Governments,
officers and other authorities-
(a) under this Act, or the rules made thereunder, or
(b) under any other law for the time being in force which
is relatable to the objects of this Act;
(ii) planning and execution of a nation-wide programme
for the prevention, control and abatement of
environmental pollution;

26. Contd..
(iii) laying down standards for the quality of
environment in its various aspects; (iv)
laying down standards for emission or discharge of
environmental pollutants from various sources
whatsoever;
(v) restriction of areas in wchich any industries
,operations or processesor class of industries
,opertaions or processes shall not be carried out or
shall be carried out subject to certain safeguard;

27. (vi) laying down procedures and safeguards
for the prevention of accidents which may
cause environmental pollution and remedial
measures for such accidents;
(vii) laying down procedures and safeguards
for the handling of hazardous substances;
(viii) examination of such manufacturing
processes, materials and substances as are
likely to cause environmental pollution;
(ix) carrying out and sponsoring
investigations and research relating to
problems of environmental pollution;

28. Reference
• Perspective Of Environmental Studies, by
Kaushik and Kaushik, New Age International
Page no.280

29. 3-R and Environmental
Awareness

30. • Modern societies that are based on using
large amounts of goods, especially those that
are manufactured for one time use, are
extremely wasteful
• The increasing consumption of natural
resources has lead to serious environmental
problems around the world

31. • People in the industrialized countries make up
20% of the world population but consume 80% of
the world’s resources and produce 80% of wastes
• two hundred billion cans, bottles, plastic cartons
and paper cups, are thrown away each year in the
“developed” world.
• “Disposable” items greatly increase this waste.
Rather than compete on quality or reliability,
many industrial consumer products are made for
one-time use

32. CASE STUDY
• Himachal Pradesh was the first State in India
to regulate the manufacture and use of
plastics. The State proposed a ban on all types
of polythene packing

33. Consumerism
• Consumerism is related to the constant
purchasing of new goods, with little attention to
their true need, durability, product origin, or the
environmental consequences of their
manufacture and disposal.
• Consumerism interferes with the sustainable use
of resources in a society by replacing the normal
common sense desire for an adequate supply of
life’s necessities, with an insatiable quest for
things that are purchased by larger and larger
incomes to buy them

34. Generation of Waste
• The inordinate amount of waste that is
generated by consumer-oriented societies
around the world is now a serious
environmental issue
• Human activities are related to production
and consumption cycles which produce
excessive amounts of waste in the form of
solid, liquid and gaseous waste products

35. • Industrial development had produced large
amount of complex waste
• This creates a heavy burden on natural
resources, degrades the environment and
creates health hazards
• If the high quantities of waste generated
continues, mankind will be drowned under
heaps of garbage, and streams of sewage

36. • The increasing demands of consumption on
the finite resources of the planet, increasing
level of environmental pollution, and the
problems of waste disposal must be changed
to the careful utilization of resources, recovery
of used material by waste recycling.
• Utilizing various forms of waste must be made
a part of the planning and development
process.

37. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R)
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, or the 3Rs principle, is
the new concept in waste management.

38. Reuse
• Do not use what you do not need. The goal of
every society should be to reach a low-waste or
no waste society
• Eg. Fancy packaging of consumer products in two
or three layers is not necessary.
• Use your own reusable cloth bags instead of
plastic bags.
• Reduction is the best option. If we reduce at
source, there is a smaller chance of waste
generation and the pressure on our already
stretched natural resources is reduced.

39. Reuse
• Reuse is the next best option, as the product is
reused in its current form without any energy
expended to convert it into a new item.
• Using sewage in a biogas plant to make fuel.

40. Recycling
• Recycling is the last option, as although it converts a
waste into a resource, it uses energy to transform that
resource into a new useable product.
• One industry’s waste could be a valuable resource for
another industry.
• Eg. Cloth rags from the textile industry are bought and
used by paper and other industries.
• Metal scrap and broken glass is used to make new
metal products.
• Bagasse, a waste product of the sugar industry, is used
in the paper, ply industries.
• The material left over after extraction of oil from seeds
is used as cattle feed

41. Environmental education
(Awareness)

42. June 5: World Environment Day
• This day can be used to project the various
environmental activities that the college has
undertaken during the year. New pledges
must be made to strengthen an environmental
movement at the college level.

43. June 11: World Population Day
• A day when the vital link between population
and environment could be discussed in
seminars held at college and other NGOs.

44. September 16: World Ozone Day
• was proclaimed by the United Nations as the
International Day for the preservation of the
ozone layer.
• This is a good occasion for students to find out
more about the threats to this layer and
initiate discussion on what they can do to help
mitigate this global threat, Especially
regarding to control production and
consumption of ozone depleting substances.

45. Do`s
1. Plant more trees of local or indigenous species
around your home and your workplace.
Encourage your friends to do so. Plants are
vital to our survival in many ways.
2. If your urban garden is too small for trees,
plant local shrubs and creepers instead.
These support bird and insect life that form
a vital component of the food chains in
nature. Urban biodiversity conservation is
feasible and can support a limited but valuable
diversity of life.

46. 3. If you live in an apartment, grow a terrace or balcony garden using
potted plants. Window boxes can be used to grow small flowering
plants, which also add to the beauty of your house.
4. Whenever and wherever possible prevent trees from being cut, or if
it is not possible for you to prevent this, report it immediately
to the concerned authorities. Old trees are especially important.
5. Insist on keeping our hills free of settlements or similar
encroachments. Degradation of hill slopes leads to severe
environmental problems.

47. 6. When shopping, choose products in limited packaging.
It will not only help cut down on the amount of waste
in landfills, but also helps reduce our need to cut trees
for paper and packaging.
7. Look for ways to reduce the use of paper. Use both
sides of every sheet of paper. Send your waste paper
for recycling.
8. Buy recycled paper products for your home. For
example sheets of paper, envelopes, etc.
9. Reuse cartons and gift-wrapping paper. Recycle
newspaper and waste paper instead of throwing it
away as garbage.

48. 10. Donate used books and magazines to
schools, hospitals, or libraries. The donations
will not only help these organizations, but
also will reduce the exploitation of natural
resources used to produce paper.
11. Participate in the events that highlight the
need for creating Sanctuaries and National
Parks, nature trails, open spaces, and saving
forests.

49. Don’ts
Do not
1. Do not present flower bouquets instead give
a potted plant and encourage your friends
to do so.
2. Do not collect unnecessary pamphlets and
leaflets just because they are free.
3. Do not use paper plates and tissues or paper
decorations when you hold a party.

50. Reference
• Textbook of Environmental studies by Erach
Bharucha, University Press