prajith

1. Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
• English PPT
• Name:-Prajith M Gama
• Class:-9th
• Section:-A

2. A Truly Beautiful Mind

3. Summary :-
• In 14th March 1879, Albert Einstein was born in the
German city of Ulm. Until the age of two and a half years,
he could not speak. And when he began speaking then he
spoke every word twice. In childhood, his playmate
considers him to be boring. His mother also thought that
he was crazy because of the abnormally large size of his
head.
• The headmaster of his school regards him as stupid and
good for nothing. But then he proved all of them wrong.
When he was 6, on his mother insistence, he learned to
play the violin and became a skilful violinist. His family
shifted to Munich when he was 15. But there he feels
uncomfortable with the strict discipline of the school so he
left it.

4. • After completing his schooling, he gets admission in the
University of Zurich. Because the atmosphere in the
university was more liberal and they accept new ideas
and concepts. Besides, he has more interest in Physics
and Mathematics. At the university, he met a fellow
student Mileva Maric.
• She was equally clever and intelligent. Afterwards, they
married and had 2 sons but unluckily their marriage didn’t
last and they split in 1919. Subsequently, after finishing
his education, Albert worked as a technical expert in the
patent office at Bern. Also, there he secretly worked on
his idea on relativity.

5. • He put out his paper on the special theory of relativity.
Which follows by the world-popular equation E = mc2. In
addition, he also publicizes his paper on General Theory
of Relativity in 1915. This gave an absolutely new
definition to the concept of gravity. Also, this theory makes
him a famous figure.
• During the solar eclipse of 1919, his theory came out as
accurate and changed physics. When Nazi came to
power in Germany he immigrated to the USA. He does so
because he did not want his research and findings to be
used for destruction. Further, when Germany discover the
principle of Nuclear Fission in 1938. He was the first
person to write to the American President about the
dangers of atomic bombs.

6. • Moreover, in 1945, when America throw down the atomic
bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki he was deeply hurt.
Also, he writes a letter to the United Nations for the
formation of a world government. So that it can prevent
recurrence of such destruction.
• In last days, he spent most of it in politics advocating
world peace and democracy. The great scientist died at
the age of 76 in the year 1955.

7. Word Meanings:-
• Indication - A sign or piece of information that indicates something
• Destined - Intended for a particular purpose
• Greatness - The quality of being great, distinguished, or eminent
• Freak - A word used disapprovingly to talk about a person who was
unusual and did not behave, look or think like others
• Historian - An expert in or student of history, especially a particular
period, geographical region, or social phenomenon
• Soup - Liquid dish, typically made by boiling meat, fish, or
vegetables in water
• Profession - Any type of work that needs special training or a
particular skill, often one that is respected because it involves a high
level of education

8. • Amateur - Doing something for personal enjoyment rather than
as a profession
• Violinist - A person who plays the violin
• Skill - ability to do something well; expertise
• Regimentation - Order or discipline is taken to an extreme
• Stifle - Unable to breathe; suffocated
• Moustache - Hair that a man grows above his upper lip
• Ally - A friend or an associate
• Patent - A document that gives the rights of an invention to an
inventor
• Philistines - A word used disapprovingly to talk about people
who do not like art, literature or music

9. • Accurate - Of information, measurements, or statistics correct in details
or exact
• Absolute - Very great or to the largest degree possible
• Unravelling - Starting to fail
• Intelligence - The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills
• Falter - Became weak
• Divorce - No longer married because the marriage has been legally
dissolved
• Housewife - A woman whose main occupation is caring for her family,
managing household affairs, and doing housework while her husband
or partner goes out to work
• Fame - The state of being known or talked about by many people,
mainly on account of notable achievements

10. • Laud - Highly praised or admired
• Proclaim - Announce officially or publicly
• Interpretation - The action of explaining the meaning of something
• Emigrate - Leave one's own country to settle permanently in another
• Uproar - Very upset
• Territory - An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state
• Drop - Having fallen or been allowed to fall vertically
• Campaign - An organised course of action to achieve a goal
• Democracy - The belief in freedom and equality between people, or
a system of government based on this belief, in which power is
either held by elected representatives or directly by the people
themselves

11. NCERT Solutions
• Thinking about the Text
• 1.Here are some headings for paragraphs in the text. Write the
number(s) of the
• paragraph(s) for each title against the heading. The first one is
done for you.
• (i) Einstein’s equation
• (ii) Einstein meets his future wife
• (iii) The making of a violinist
• (iv) Mileva and Einstein’s mother
• (v) A letter that launched the arms race
• (vi) A desk drawer full of ideas
• (vii) Marriage and divorce

12. 2.Who had these opinions about Einstein?
• He was boring.
• He was stupid and would never succeed in life.
• He was a freak.
Answer:
• His playmates.
• A headmaster.
• His mother.

13. 3.Explain what the reasons for the following are:
• Einstein leaving the school in Munich for good.
• Einstein wanting to study in Switzerland rather than in Munich.
• Einstein seeing in Mileva an ally.
• What do these tell you about Einstein?
Answers:
• Einstein left the school in Munich because he did not like the
discipline of the school. He hated the school’s regimentation
and often clashed with teachers.

14. • Albert’s parents moved to Milan and left their son with
relatives. After prolonged discussion, Einstein got his wish
to continue his education in German – speaking
Switzerland. Actually, it was more liberal than Munich.
• Einstein saw in Mileva Marie an ally against the
“Philistines”—those people in his family and at the
university with whom he was constantly at odds. He found
that she was a “clever creature”.
• These tell that Einstein was a genius and had the
capabilities to achieve his targets. Moreover, he had his
own view of life. He liked freedom too much.

15. 4.What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent
office? Why?
Answer:
Einstein called his desk drawer at the patent office the
“bureau of theoretical physics”. Einstein was actually
developing his own ideas in secret and his drawer had all
the evidences which could reveal the secret.
5.Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
Answer:
With the emergence of Nazis in Germany,

16. Einstein emigrated to the United States. It was the fact that
the Nazis had the ability to develop the atomic bomb. It
could destroy the whole world. So he warned Franklin D.
Roosevelt in his letter.
6.How did Einstein react to the bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki?
Answer:
The atomic bomb devastated the Japanese cities of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He was deeply shaken by the
extent of the destruction and wrote a public missive to the
United Nations.

17. 7.Why does the world remember Einstein as a ‘world citizen’?
Answer:
The world remembers Einstein as a ‘world citizen’ because he believed
in universal peace. When there was the rat race for becoming atomic
power, he was worried about the aftermaths of the bomb. He was
really a world citizen who was concerned with humanity.
8.Here are some facts from Einstein’s life. Arrange them in
chronological order.
[ ] Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
[ ] He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

18. • [ ] Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D.
Roosevelt, and warns against Germany’s building of an
atomic bomb.
• [ ] Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
• [ ] Einstein’s family moves to Milan.
• [ ] Einstein is bom in the German city of Ulm.
• [ ] Einstein joins a University in Zurich, where he meets
Mileva.
• [ ] Einstein dies.
• [ ] He provides a new interpretation of gravity.

19. • [ ] Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from
school.
• [ ] He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
• [ ] When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the
United States.
• Answers:
• [1] Einstein is bom in the German city of Ulm.
• [2] Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
• [3] Einstein’s family moves to Milan.
• [4] Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from
school.

20. • [5] Einstein joins a University in Zurich where he meets Mileva.
• [6] He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
• [7] Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
• [8] He provides a new interpretation of gravitation.
• [9] He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
• [10] When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for
the United States.
• [11] Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D.
Roosevelt and warns against Germany’s building of an atomic
bomb.

21. • Thinking about language
• (Page 51)
1.Here are some sentences from the story.
Choose the word from the brackets which can be
substituted for the italicised words in the sentences.
1. A few years later, the marriage faltered, (failed, broke,
became weak)
2. Einstein was constantly at odds with people at the
university, (on bad terms, in disagreement, unhappy)
3. The newspapers proclaimed his work as “a scientific
revolution”, (declared, praised, showed)

22. 4. Einstein got ever more involved in politics, agitating for an
end to the arms build up. (campaigning, fighting, supporting)
5. At the age of 15, Einstein felt so stifled that he left the school
for good. (permanently, for his benefit, for a short time)
6. Five years later, the discovery of nuclear fission in Berlin had
American physicists in an uproar, (in a state of commotion,
full of criticism, in a desperate state)
7. Science wasn’t the only thing that appealed to the dashing
young man with the walrus moustache, (interested,
challenged, worried)

23. Answers:
1. failed
2. in disagreement
3. declared
4. campaigning
5. permanently
6. in a state of commotion
7. interested.

24. 2.Study the following sentences:
• Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist, maintaining this skill
throughout his life.
• Letters survive in which they put their affection into words, mixing
science with tenderness.
• The parts in italics in the above sentences begin with ing verbs,
and are called participial phrases. Participial phrases say
something more about the person or thing talked about or the
idea expressed by the sentence as a whole. For example:
• —Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist. He maintained this
skill throughout his life.

25. Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with suitable
participial clauses. The information that has to be used in the phrases
is provided as a sentence in brackets.
1. ……………. the firefighters finally put out the fire. (They worked
round the clock.)
2. She watched the sunset above the mountain, ……………. (She
noticed the colours blending softly into one another.)
3. The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly, ……………. (While it
neighed continually.)
4. ……………. ,I found myself in Bangalore, instead of Benaras. (I
had taken the wrong train.)
5. ……………., I was desperate to get to the bathroom. (I had not

26. 6. The stone steps, ……………. needed to be replaced.
(They were worn down).
7. The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans,
……………. (They asked him to send them his
photograph.)
Answers:
1. Working round the clock the firefighters finally put out the
fire.
2. Noticing the colours blending softly into one another she
watched the sunset above the mountain.
3. Neighing continually the excited horse pawed the ground

27. 4. Having taken the wrong train I found myself in Bangalore
instead of Benaras.
5. Having not bathed for two days I was desperate to get to
the bathroom.
6. The stone steps being worn down needed to be
replaced.
7. The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans
asking him to send them his photograph.

28. Writing newspaper reports
(Page 53)
Here are some notes which you could use to write a report.
• 21 August 2005—original handwritten manuscript of Albert
Einstein unearthed— by student Rowdy Boeynik in the
Univer¬sity of Netherlands—Boeynik researching papers—
papers belonging to an old friend of Einstein—fingerprints of
Einstein on these papers—16 page document dated 1924—
Einstein’s work on this last the¬ory—behaviour of atoms at low
temper¬ature—now known as the Bose-Einstein condensation—
the manuscript to be kept at Leyden University where Einstein got

29. 1.Write a report which has four paragraphs,
one each on :
• what was unearthed.
• who unearthed it and when.
• what the document contained.
• where it will be kept.
• Your report could begin like this:

30. Answers:
• Student Unearths Einstein Manuscript 21 August 2005. An original
handwritten Albert Einstein manuscript has been un-earthed at a
University of Netherlands.
• A student named Rowdy Boeynik was researching on the papers
belonging to his old companion Einstein.
• The document contained papers of Ein-stein’s work on the last
theory—Behav¬iour of Atoms at Low Temperature. Now¬adays it is
known as the Bose-Einstein Condensation.
• The manuscript will be kept at Leyden University where Einstein got
the Nobel Prize.

31. With This I would
like to conclude
my project