English 2007 PNEB (PUNTLAND NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD)

1. Name .............................................................
School ..................................…………………
Roll Number.........................………………….
Puntland State of Somalia
Ministry of Education
Puntland National Examination Board
Form 4
English Examination
2007
Time 2 hours
Plus 10 minutes before the exam for reading through the paper
TOTAL TIME 2 hours 10 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
This paper consists of 14 pages including this one. Count them now. Inform the
invigilator if there are any pages missing.
PART 1: Reading Comprehension 30 marks
PART 2: Vocabulary 14 marks
PART 3: Grammar and Word formation 26 marks
PART 4: Composition- Answer 2 question out of 4 30 marks
TOTAL = 100 marks
• Answer ALL questions in part 1, 2 and 3 and two questions in part 4
• All answers must be written on this paper in the spaces provided immediately after
each question. ONLY WRITE ON THIS EXAM PAPER.
• NO extra paper is allowed.
• If you make a mistake cross out the incorrect answer clearly and write your correct
answer. Do not use white out.

2. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20072
FOR ROUGH WORK ONLY. THIS SECTION WILL NOT BE MARKED
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3. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20073
PART ONE READING COMPREHENSION (30 marks)
Read this passage and then answer the questions that follow.
ONLY TRADE CAN HELP AFRICA DEVELOP
Africa has invested heavily in seeking donor support and little in ensuring its
people become productive. Yet, trade can pull the continent out of its economic
misery. A visit to any rural areas that are considered inaccessible proves this.
In such places one is likely to get such imported products as coca cola and
cigarettes and items produced by local businesses such as salt and soap.
However, if you visit the hospital or government run primary school you will find
them lacking such essentials. If you ask why these shortages exist they will
explain that it is because of the area’s inaccessibility.
Incentives drive business people to seek out markets if they are granted the
freedom to do so. Through trade, Africa can address most of its poverty
problems by simply allowing entrepreneurs the freedom to trade where and
how they want. Pre-colonial trade routes dotted the map of old Africa – from
East to Central Africa; West to North Africa; and South to East and West Africa
as well as trade routes to the Arab world and to India.
Unfortunately, during the colonial period the quest to tap African resources
disorientated the existing pre-colonial trading patterns and virtually turned these
resources into a curse. Extraction of wealth became the norm. Over ten million
Africans were exported like cattle to other countries. In addition rubber, wood,
copper, many other minerals and even foodstuffs were exported to the
enrichment of the coloniser while the colonial powers stopped Africans from
actively trading or even selling the produce they grew.
.
The policy of discouraging Africans from entrepreneurial work or from planting
cash crops has had a long term negative effect on the people. After
independence, many members of the African elite focused on asking for donor
aid, which compromised further their ability to become productive. Many
African intellectuals believe entrepreneurship is for the illiterate and the small
scale business people. They have never therefore argued for these small scale
businesses to grow into large scale business.
It has been difficult for the Africans to trade among themselves due to poor
infrastructure and to lack of information on surpluses and shortages in various
parts of the continent. The strategy of preferential access to markets in
developed countries continues to encourage trade between Africa and the West
but kills trade within Africa because it is more lucrative to trade with rich
countries than with other African countries.

4. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20074
When it comes to incentives, African governments would rather provide them to
external investors and totally ignore local investors. This has made it difficult
for African investors to compete effectively with their counterparts from the
wealthy countries. Yet African governments can change all this. They could
give the local investors a better environment by making it easy to travel within
Africa, removing or reducing taxes on various goods and making rural areas that
have natural resources accessible. Access to loans should be facilitated for
those in small businesses to help them grow into big businesses as a priority.
Africa must urgently correct the negative perceptions created by colonialists and
aggressively enter the world of business and exchange of commodities. She
must sow the seeds of economic freedom and kick start a campaign for market
reforms and free trade. It is estimated that doubling trade would lead to
Africans earning an estimated $70 billion a year. Intra-African trade continues
to register a low 10-12 per cent of external trade. Africa must take charge and
drive trade within and market outside Africa. This would help reduce conflicts
associated with natural resources because competitive access would make it
cheaper, efficient and peaceful. (615 words) (Adapted from Daily Nation, Nairobi, 2003)
Comprehension Questions (22 marks)
Answer the following questions based on information in the passage.
1. What or who is an ‘entrepreneur’. ………………………………………. (2m)
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2. ‘rural areas that are inaccessible’. Are these areas really inaccessible according
to the writer? Yes or No. ……….. (2m)
Give one reason for your answer. ………………….………………………………………
3. What single activity can effectively reduce poverty in Africa?
………………………………………………………………………………………….… (2m)
4. Name two things that the colonialists did that damaged African trade. (2m)
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5. When and between who did trade in Africa start? (2m)
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6a. According to the author, to whom do African governments offer incentives at
present? ………………………….. (1m)
6b To whom should they offer incentives? ………………………… (1m)

5. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20075
7. Why do you think the colonialists discouraged local entrepreneurs and the
growing of cash crops? (2m)
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8. What effect did this have on the ruling African elite after Independence? (2m)
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9. How can African governments help local businesses and trade within Africa?
Give three examples of practical steps that could be taken. (3m)
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10. List three things that have been done since independence that disadvantaged
local business men and trade within Africa. (3m)
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Vocabulary from the passage (8 marks)
Find each word in the passage. Then circle the answer which is closest in meaning to
that word as used in the passage. An example has been done for you.
e.g. trade
A. invent new things B. plan the economy
© buy and sell D. reduce poverty levels
1. invested
A. put money into B. make a profit from
C. be employed in D. employ others to work
2. donor support.
A. support from the government B. aid from rich countries
C. gifts to the area D. increasing productivity
3. Incentives
A. an investment B. benefits, profits or similar payment
C. reward or payment D. success

6. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20076
4. disorientated
A. pointed in one direction B. misled people
C. distort or confused D. increased, exaggerated
5. quest
A. search B. promise C. want D. refuse
6. lucrative
A. enjoyable B. easy C. ludicrous D. profitable
7. environment
A. life style and friends with whom they work
B. conditions and atmosphere in which they work
C. investment opportunities that will be appreciated by big business
D. avoidance of any pollution of the atmosphere or the land
8. Intra-African trade is trade
A. within one African country B. between Africa and the rest of the world
C. world trade D. between different African Countries
PART 2 GENERAL VOCABULARY (14 marks)
2.1 Vocabulary (6 marks)
Choose which of the four words means the same as that underlined? Circle your choice.
1. Geology.
A. geography B. the seas C. rocks D. land
This is the study of
2. Confident.
A. pessimistic B. hopeful C. unsure D. optimistic
The teacher was confident that we would all pass English
3. Monologue
A. between two people B. given by only one person
This is a conversation or speech
C. between three or more people D. delivered silently
4. Penetrate
A. break up B. pierce C. destroy D. mark
Nothing could penetrate that wall.
5. Catastrophe
A. disaster B. luxury C. mistake D. journey
.The whole expedition was a complete catastrophe

7. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20077
6. Vertical
A. horizontal B. parallel to the ground
C. rectangular D. at right angles to the ground
2.2 Odd one out - In each of the following group of words, one does not
match. Circle the letter of the word that is the odd one out (8 marks)
7. A carpenter uses……..
A. a hammer B. nails C. needles D. a screwdriver
8. When I leave school I would like to be a/an
A. mechanic B. architect C. archaeologist D. diaspora
9. When you cook you need
A. flower B. ingredients C. a saucepan D, salt and pepper
10. My favourite sport sporting activity is
A. basketball B. spectators C. table tennis D. gymnastics
11. I don’t trust him. He is very
A. deceitful B. dishonest C. dispirited D. unprincipled
12. She is excellent at her job because she is very …..
A. talented B. beautiful C. intelligent D. diligent
13. Its cold and wet outside so we should wear a/an
A. overcoat B. jersey C. waterproof D. rucksack
14. They came in from the mud and were all
A. spotless B. filthy C. caked in mud D. dirty
PART THREE GRAMMAR AND WORD FORMATION (26 marks)
3.1 Fill in the blanks (6 marks)
Put the correct form of the word or words in brackets in the space provided adding words
if needed in order to be grammatical.
1. To my surprise, she responded to the question with …………………………………
than I expected. (intelligent).
2. She found the outing very ………………………………. (pleasure)
3. The hospital attendant was very …………………………..………….as he refused to
give me any information or tell me where you were. (help)

8. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20078
4. They are very .....................................................children who always do as they
are told. (obey)
5 No thanks. I don’t need any food as I …..………………….. a lot before I came
here. (eat)
6. I like the school I am now attending. By the end of this year I
………………………………………………there for three years. (study)
3.2 Use the words in the box to fill the blanks and complete the story. (6 marks)
because, for, ago, since, just, before,
I can speak four languages, English, Somali, Arabic and French. Somali is my first
language. I have spoken it (7)……………… I was a baby. I started to learn Arabic
(8) …………….…. I came to school and I can read and write it well. I didn’t start to learn
English until I was in Grade 5 so I have been learning it (9) …………..….. eight years. I
only started to learn French three months (10)……………….. . I have (11)………
learnt a few words and the tenses. I started learning French (12)…………………… I
may go and work in Djibouti next year.
3.3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning as the first.
Use the words given (4 marks)
13. All their possessions were destroyed in the fire
They ……………………………….……………………………………………… in the fire.
14. Have you nothing to say about this theft?
Isn’t there ………………………….……………………………………….. about this theft.
15. Scientists observed the unusual way the animals behaved. (Behaviour)
The unusual ……………….. ………………..………………………………..scientists.
16. Abdul will never forget the first time he saw an elephant. (Remember)
Abdul ……………………………………………………………..

9. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 20079
3.4 Write the question (3 marks)
The answer is given. You have to write the correct question. Here is an example.
e.g 1. I am 38 years old. What was the question?
How old are you?
17. No, I am three years older than my sister. What was the question?
…………………………………………..
18. We hope your exam results will be announced in September. What was the question?
………………………………………………………………
19. I’m sorry. I forgot to bring you any money. What was the question?
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3.5 Complete these sentences (6 marks)
20. The most important day in my life ………………………………………………………..
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21. If I hadn’t come to this Secondary School ………………………………………………
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22. In ten years from now I hope …………………………………………………………….
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10. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 200710
PART 4 WRITTEN COMPOSITION (30 marks)
In this section you should write two compositions, each of about 200 words. You will be
penalised if your composition is too short.
Question 1 EITHER (15 marks)
‘Our Environment is in Danger. We have to take immediate action to save it’
Do you agree with this statement? Discuss the dangers to the environment in which you
live and the possible actions that should be taken to save it.
OR
Write an essay on ‘Public Transport in Puntland’.
Describe the types of transport available, their costs and dangers. What steps could be
taken to improve the safety, efficiency and comfort of public transport.
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11. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 200711
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12. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 200712
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QUESTION 2 EITHER
Write either a story or a factual account entitled:
‘The Life of a Hard Working Camel’
OR
Describe any incident of theft that you experienced.
Describe what happened, who was hurt, what was lost and how the event ended. (You
may describe a true incident or make up your own story)
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13. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 200713
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14. Puntland State of Somalia Secondary School Form Four Examination
Puntland Certificate of Education English Examination June 2007
© PNEB 200714
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