The document defines what a sentence is and describes different types of sentences according to their structure and use. It states that a sentence expresses a complete thought using a subject and predicate. It then defines and provides examples of simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences. It also lists and describes the typical parts of a sentence such as the subject, predicate, verb, direct object, indirect object, and subject complement.

2. Define what a sentence is and its
kinds according to use/structure.
A sentence is a word or group of words that express a
complete thought or idea. Containing
a subject and predicate.
The largest independent unit of grammar: it begins with
a capital letter and ends with a period, question mark,
or exclamation point.

3. Sentences according to
use/structure:
• Simple sentence is the basic type of
sentence. It can have simple subject
and predicate, compound subjects and
predicates, simple subject and
compound predicates or compound
subject and simple predicate.
• Compound sentence is compose of two
or more independent clauses joined by
coordinating conjunctions like ‘’and’’,
‘’but’’ and ‘’or’’.

4. • Compound-Complex sentence is a special type of a
compound sentence that joined two complex sentences,
or one simple sentence and one complex sentence. We
can also use a semi-colon (;) to separate these
sentences.
• Complex sentence is compose of one independent
clause and at least one dependent clause which are
joined by subordinating conjunctions like although, even
though, if, etc.

5. What are the parts of a
sentence?
• Simple subject is the one which we talks
about in a sentence.
• Predicate describe/talks about the subject
matter.
• Verb is the action word that connects the
subject matter.
• Direct Object answers the question ‘’what’’ in
a sentence.
• Indirect Object is the recipient of the direct
object and it answers the question ‘’to what’’.
• Subject Compliment follows a linking verb
and compliments to the subject.

6. A well-organized paragraph supports or
develops a single controlling idea, which
What is topic is expressed in a sentence called the
sentence? topic sentence. A topic sentence state
the main idea of a paragraph.
A topic sentence has several important
functions: it substances or supports an
essay’s thesis statement; it unifies the
content of a paragraph and directs the
order of the sentences; it unifies the
content of a paragraph and directs the
order of the sentences; and it advises the
reader of the subject to be discussed and
how the paragraph will discuss it.

7. What is a Paragraph?
• A paragraph is a series of sentences that are organized and
coherent, and are all related to a single topic. Almost every piece of
writing you do that is longer than a few sentences should be
organized into paragraphs. This is because paragraphs show a
reader where the subdivisions of an essay begin and end, and thus
help the reader see the organization of the essay and grasp its main
points.
• Paragraphs can contain many different kinds of information. A
paragraph could contain a series of brief example or a single long
illustration of a general point. It might describe a place, character, or
process; narrate a series of events; compare or contrast two or more
things; classify items into categories; or describe causes and effects.
Regardless of the kind of information they contain, all paragraphs
share certain characteristics. One of the most important of these is a
topic sentence.

8. Writing
is a group of letters or symbols
written or marked on a surface as a means
of communicating ideas by making each
symbol stand for an idea, concept, or thing,
by using each symbol to represent a set of
sounds grouped into syllables (syllabic
writing), or by regarding each symbol as
corresponding roughly or exactly to each of
the sounds in the language.

9. Importance of Writing
o A person’s feeling may be expressed clearly through
writing.
o Prepares us for school and employment.
o Can be use to inform other through media like
magazines, newspapers, etc.
o Writing is portable and permanent. It makes your
thinking visible.
o Writing promotes your ability to pose worthwhile
questions.
o Writing helps others give you feedback.
o Writing helps you understand how truth is established in
a given discipline.
o Writing is an essential job skill.

10. The basic elements of a good
composition writing:
Words, sentence, paragraph and chapter, and understanding to
improve the structure of the composition to make it interesting to
read.
This can even be true of single words and if you find yourself using
the same word a lot you may want to consider ways to change that
up. It might just be changing to a similar word or it might simply
require you to think through why you’re using that word so much.
As you advance another thing you can consider is breaking rules.
Many of the writing rules that we are used to following are not rules
at all. For example there is no reason that a paragraph cannot be a
single sentence or even a single word long and this can be useful if
you want to draw attention as well as adding more white space to
your page.

11. EXERCISES

12. Grammar
Certain words denoting places in English can be
used with or without the definite article following
a preposition. If the article is absent the word
indicates the function of the place rather than
just the place itself when the article is present,
e.g.:
He's at college = He's studying.
He's at the college = He's at the college building
(probably doing something else).
________________ together.

13. • For each gap choose one of the prepositions below and one of the
place words. Put them in with or without the definite article depending
on the meaning.
• at, on, in, to - church, college, court (2), home, hospital, prison, school,
town, university
• at school
When I was a boy (1) ________________ I used to play tennis. I used to
on court
love being (2) _______________ playing tennis all day, but I failed all my
exams because I didn't study. Then when I was 16 I decided to go (3)
to college
________________ and prepare for the university entry exams.
at university
Later when I was (4) ________________ doing my degree I got into trouble
when I went on a demonstration. There was a lot of fighting with the police
in court
and I was arrested. When I appeared (5) ________________ I was fined
£100 and conditionally discharged. I was very relieved as I didn't want to
in prison
end up (6) ________________ and get a criminal record.
• in town
Soon after that I was in a night club (7) ________________ one evening
at/in the hospital
and met a lovely girl who worked as a nurse (8) ________________. We
in the church
fell in love and last week we got married (9) ________________ at the end
at home
of our >road. Now we're looking forward to a quiet life (10) _________
together.

14. Spelling
1. diwre
weird
2. oesvgneri sovereign
3. encurcecro occurrence
4. lscouelasmine miscellaneous
5. eomtemitc committee
necessary
6. rncysaese
anonymous
7. omusanony believe
8. vbleeei especially
9. pleciasyel achieve
10. ciheeva

15. Missing Capital Letters
Directions: Read the sentences below. Some of the words need
capital letters, but they are missing. Think about what words
need capital letters, and write them where they belong. {Words
that need capital letters: first word in a sentence, names,
holidays, special places, days of the week, months, and I.}
1. next sunday i am having my birthday party
2. i invited patrick, dani, and kath
3. my mom asked dante the clown to come and
entertain all of my friends
4. last year, my mom and dad took me to disney world
for my birthday!
5. we are having the party at fun palace.

16. 6. my friend patty and her mom went to
mcqueenʼs pet store and bought a new kitten.
7. patty named her new pet fluffy.
8. pattyʼs mom, judy, gave fluffy a blue pillow to
sleep on.
9. next saturday will be valentineʼs day.
10. patty made a special heart-shaped card for
fluffy

17. Answer key:
1. Next Sunday I am having my birthday party
2. I invited Patrick, Dani, and Kath.
3. My mom asked Dante the Clown to come and entertain
all of my friends.
4. Last year, my mom and dad took me to Disney World
for my birthday!
5. We are having the party at Fun Palace.
6. My friend Patty and her mom went to Mcqueenʼs Pet
Store and bought a new kitten.
7. Patty named her new pet Fluffy.
8. Pattyʼs mom,Dindy, gave Fluffy a blue pillow to sleep
on.
9. Next Saturday will be Valentineʼs Day.
10. Patty made a special heart-shaped card for
Fluffy.