The document discusses different types of engines, including external combustion engines and internal combustion engines. It provides details on petrol engines and diesel engines, describing their basic workings, components like camshafts, and the differences between petrol and diesel engines. Both engine types provide advantages like increased productivity but also disadvantages such as negative environmental impacts from emissions.

1. Se cond L a w Of T he rmod yna mics
ENGINES

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
I N T R O D U C T I O N
WHAT IS AN ENGINE?
Engines are the machine which converts any
forms of energy into mechanical force and
motion.

3. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
Types Of Engines
E x t e r n a l
C o m b u s t i o n E n g i n e
I n t e r n a l
C o m b u s t i o n E n g i n e
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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
EXTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Closed Cycle Gas Turbine
Rotary Engine
Steam Turbine Stirling Engine
Steam Engine
Reciprocating Engine
.................... .................... .................... ....................
An External Combustion Engine is a type of engine in
which uses fluid (either liquid or gas or both) that is
heated by a fuel burned outside the engine.

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Open Cycle Gas Turbine
Rotary Engine
Wankel Engine Diesel Engine
Petrol Engine
Reciprocating Engine
.................... .................... .................... ....................
An Internal Combustion Engine is a type of engine in which
the burning of a fuel occurs inside a confined space called a
combustion chamber.

6. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
PETROL ENGINE
 
Petrol engines are internal combustion engines
which have spark-ignition. They run on relatively
volatile fuels such as petrol. In these engines, air
and fuel are generally mixed post-compression.
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Supra Is The Best :- )

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
4 - S t r o k e C y c l e
How Does Petrol Engine Work?
Compression Stroke Power Stroke Exhaust Stroke
Intake Stroke

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
Working
of an
Inline 4
Petrol
Engine

9. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
DIESEL ENGINE
 
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is
an internal combustion engine in which ignition of
the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of
the air in the cylinder due to mechanical
compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a
compression-ignition engine (CI engine).
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10. 1 0/ 6 5
W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
4 - S t r o k e C y c l e
How Does Diesel Engine Work?
Compression Stroke Power Stroke Exhaust Stroke
Intake Stroke

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
Working
of an
Inline 4
Diesel
Engine

12. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
BUT HOW DOES
VALVES WORK?
 
The intake and exhaust valve is controlled by a
special shaft called as camshaft which is driven
through timing belt from crankshaft .
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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
TYPES OF CAMSHAFT
Single Overhead
Camshaft Push Rod
.................... .................... ....................
There are mainly 3major types of camshaft configuration
Dual Overhead
Camshaft

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W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
Working
of a
camshaft

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CHOOSE
YOUR FAVOURITE
🏎️……...
PETROL DIESEL
D I F F E R E N C E B E T W E E N
P E T R O L A N D D I E S E L
E N G I N E
The major difference between these
two is how energy is created..
These Engines Work On The OttoCycle These engines work on Diesel cycle
The Air and Fuel Is Mixed Within The
Carburetor
The Fuel Is Mixed With Air Inside The
Cylinder
Low Compression Ratio RelativelyHigh Compression Ratio
Low Power Production RelativelyHigh Power Production
High FuelConsumption Low Fuel Consumption
Used In Light Vehicles Like Bike
And Small Cars
Used In HeavyVehicles Like Bus
And Trucks
RelativelyUses Less Volatile Fuel
Uses Highly Volatile Fuel
Ignition Is Achieved With The
HelpOf Hot, CompressedAir
Ignition Is Achieved With The Help
Of ElectricSpark Plug
RelativelyHigh Initial and
Maintenance Cost
Low Initial and Maintenance Cost

16. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
ADVANTAGES OF ENGINES
: Increased efficiency and productivity in various
industries such as transportation, agriculture,
and manufacturing.
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: Greatly improved people's mobility,
allowing for easier travel and
transportation of goods

17. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
ADVANTAGES OF ENGINES
: Major role in the development of
modern technology, allowing for
advances in fields such as medicine,
communication, and energy
production
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18. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
DISADVANTAGES OF ENGINES
: Negative impact on the environment
through the release of pollutants such
as carbon dioxide and other emissions
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Negative impact on the environment through
the release of pollutants such as carbon
dioxide and other emissions

19. W W W . G A R A G E L Y . C O M
DISADVANTAGES OF ENGINES
: The production and disposal of engines can
contribute to pollution and waste
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: Noise pollution is also a significant negative
impact of engines in urban areas

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C O N C L U S I O N
Ultimately, the choice of
engine will depend on the
specific application and the
priorities of the user.
Internal and External
combustion engines will
continue to be used for
certain applications where
their advantages outweigh
their disadvantages.

22. P r e s e n t e d B y :
Ayur Dhital:
Arnav Karmacharya: