The document discusses ways to increase student engagement in learning through curiosity, choice, complexity, and creativity. It promotes thinking like a kid by focusing on fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. It suggests going beyond traditional elements by creating periodic tables of non-element topics and generating superheroes defined by extraordinary abilities, intensities, and missions. Students are encouraged to ask "what if" questions, get unstuck by questioning with words and metaphors, and identify their favorite films while exploring connections and differences between stories.