this presentation focuses on the renewable energies, with emphasis on China, as a study for future energy use in the field of architecture.

1. RENEWABLE ENERGY

2. RENEWABLE ENERGIES
HYDROPOWER
BIOMASS
WIND
GEOTHERMAL
SOLAR

3. HYDROPOWER
Hydroelectricity is currently
China's largest renewable
energy source and the
second overall after coal.
China's installed hydro
capacity in 2015 was 319
GW, up from 172 GW in
2009, including 23 GW
of pumped storage
hydroelectricity capacity. In
2015, hydropower
generated 1,126 TWh of
power, accounting for
roughly 20% of China's total
electricity generation
The volume of the water flow and the change in elevation (or fall) from one point to another
determine the amount of available energy in moving water. Swiftly flowing water in a big river, like
the Columbia River that forms the border between Oregon and Washington, carries a great deal of
energy in its flow.

4. TIDAL TURBINES
The gravitational pull of the moon and sun along with the rotation of the earth cause the tides. In some places, tides cause
water levels near the shore to vary up to 40 feet. People harnessed this movement of water to operate grain mills more
than a 1,000 years ago in Europe. Today, tidal energy systems generate electricity. Producing tidal energy economically
requires a tidal range of at least 10 feet.
The Jiangxia Tidal Power Station is the fourth largest tidal power
station in the world,located in Wuyantou, Wenling City, Zhejiang
Province, China. Although the proposed design for the facility was
3,000 kW, the current installed capacity is 3,200 kW, generated from
one unit of 500 kW, one unit of 600 kW, and three units of 700 kW,
totalling the installed capacity to 3,200 kW.

5. BIOMASS
Biomass is organic material that comes from plants and animals, and it is a renewable source of energy.
Biomass contains stored energy from the sun. Plants absorb the sun's energy in
a process called photosynthesis. When biomass is burned, the chemical energy
in biomass is released as heat. Biomass can be burned directly or converted to
liquid biofuels or biogas that can be burned as fuels.

6. GEOTHERMAL
China has abundance of biomass energy resources,
from agricultural (such as straw and forestry),
residential and industrial wastes, energy crops and
plantations, etc. Annually, there are nearly 300
million tons of crop straw wastes, 300 million tons of
forestry waste are available for fuel production.
Besides biogas and municipal solid waste (MSW), the
total biomass resource with equivalent of around
500 million tons of coal can be potentially converted
into fuel.
Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because
the heat is continuously produced inside the earth.

7. WINDWind is caused by uneven heating of the earth's surface by the sun. Because the earth's surface is made up
of different types of land and water, it absorbs the sun's heat at different rates. One example of this
uneven heating is the daily wind cycle.
China is a world leader in wind power
generation, with the largest installed
capacity of any nation and continued
rapid growth in new wind facilities.
With its large land mass and long
coastline, China has exceptional wind
power resources:[3] it is estimated China
has about 2,380 gigawatts(GW) of
exploitable capacity on land and 200 GW
on the sea.

8. SOLARENERGY
China is the world's largest market for
both photovoltaics and solar thermal
energy. Since 2013 China has been
the world's leading installer of solar
photovoltaics. Solar PV in China is a
growing industry with over
400 companies. In 2015, China became
the world's largest producer of
photovoltaic power, narrowly
surpassing the end of 2016, total PV
capacity had increased to over 77.4 GW.
Solar water heating is also extensively
implemented, with a total installed
capacity of 290 GW at the end of 2014,
representing about 70% of world's total
installed solar thermal capacity.
The Sun has produced energy for billions of years and is the ultimate source for all of the energy sources and
fuels that we use today. People have used the sun's rays (solar radiation) for thousands of years for warmth and
to dry meat, fruit, and grains. Over time, people developed devices (technologies) to collect solar energy for
heat and to convert it into electricity.