This document contains questions and answers related to endocrine system concepts. It covers topics like hormone types (steroid, peptide etc.), hormone-producing organs (pituitary, thyroid etc.), homeostatic control of hormones, the stress response and general adaptation syndrome, and random endocrine facts. The questions test knowledge of hormone functions, hormone-target organ interactions, feedback loops, and clinical presentations related to endocrine disorders.
the endocrine system, types of hormones, endocrine glands in the body, various hormones of pituitary gland, exercise respone to these hormones, upregulation and downregulation, growth hormone, cortisol, glucose, short term and long term effects of exercise, glucose metabolism and fat metabolism, exercise training, resistance, various evidence of previous studies.
the endocrine system, types of hormones, endocrine glands in the body, various hormones of pituitary gland, exercise respone to these hormones, upregulation and downregulation, growth hormone, cortisol, glucose, short term and long term effects of exercise, glucose metabolism and fat metabolism, exercise training, resistance, various evidence of previous studies.
sex-hormones belong to the steroid class of compounds and are produced in the gonads, i.e., testes in the male and ovaries in the female. In fact, their activity seems to be controlled and monitored by the hormones that are produced in the interior.
A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. Many hormones are secreted by special glands, such as thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland.
sex-hormones belong to the steroid class of compounds and are produced in the gonads, i.e., testes in the male and ovaries in the female. In fact, their activity seems to be controlled and monitored by the hormones that are produced in the interior.
A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. Many hormones are secreted by special glands, such as thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland.
The study of endocrine system, and their role in the physiology of the body .
Endocrine--endo means within. This is a system which controls body function through hormones.
Endocrine System is composed of a number of glands.
The endocrine system includes the organs of the body that secrete hormones directly into body fluids such as blood
Regulates chemical reaction in cells and therefore control functions of the organs, tissues, and other cells
Endocrine glands are ductless glands comprised of endocrine cells.
This means that these glands do not have ducts that lead to the outside of the body.
For example, sweat glands are NOT endocrine glands (they are instead exocrine glands) because sweat glands have ducts that lead to the outside surface of your skin (that’s how the sweat gets out).
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Introduction of endocrine
AT THE END OF THIS SESSION, STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
Define and differentiate between various chemical messengers in the body.
Define hormones and list the major functions of hormones in the body.
Enumerate the hormone secreting tissues and their hormones.
Classify hormones according to their chemical nature.
Describe briefly the major mechanisms for hormone actions.
Describe nervous-endocrine relationship.
Revise feedback as a mechanism of control of hormone secretion.
3. HORMONES
This type of distribution usually is
limited to adjacent cells of the same
type that are interconnected by
connexons
Answer: Direct Communication
4. HORMONES
Paracrine communication is
transmitted through extracellular
fluid, and is distributed primarily to
who?
Answer: Local area, where paracrine
factor concentrations are relatively
high; target cells must have
appropriate receptors
5. HORMONES
What type of classification is this hormone?
Answer: Estrogen, Steroid hormone
6. HORMONES
Peptide hormones are synthesized as
prohormoes. What is a prohormone?
Answer: inactive molecules that are
converted to active hormones either
before or after they are secreted.
7. ORGANS
Which organ secretes hormones
involved with fluid balance and
smooth muscle contractions?
Answer: hypothalamus
8. ORGANS
A person goes to their Dr. for a check up
and complains that their sleep/wake cycle
is messed up. What organ would be
causing this?
Answer: Pineal
10. ORGANS
A dear friend comes to you with concerns about
their weight. Even though she exercises and
eats a balanced diet, she still cannot lose
weight. Which organ would you recommend her
getting checked out?
Answer: Thyroid gland
11. ORGANS
You are rock climbing and the rock that
you are holding onto starts to slip…What
organ is going to release the hormones
you are feeling, and name the two
hormones.
Answer: Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
13. PITUITARY HORMONES
How many hormones are released by the
pituitary gland, and why type of hormone
are they?
Answer: 9 peptide hormones
14. PITUITARY HORMONES
This type of hormone targets cells
that produce hormones that affect
glucose metabolism
Answer: ACTH, adrenocorticotropic
hormone
15. PITUITARY HORMONES
A mother is breastfeeding her new born
infant. Which hormone is responsible for
this action?
Answer: Prolactin
20. HOMEOSTASIS
Alpha cells secrete glucagon when blood
glucose levels are below 70 mg/dL. Name
one way alpha cells work?
Answer: Increase breakdown of glycogen
in glucose, increase breakdown of fat to
fatty acids, increase synthesis and release
of glucose
21. HOMEOSTASIS
When BP and volume is below normal, name the
two hormones that are released, and name
which system is activated by these two
hormones
Answer: Erythropoietin, Renin, Renin-
angiotensis system
30. RANDOM
A fellow student needs help studying for
your exam. She cannot remember which
mineral the thyroid gland uses. What
would you tell her?
Answer: Iodine
31. RANDOM
Produced by adrenal cortex. Target the kidney
to promote sodium reabsorption and help
control the salt-water balance.
Answer: Mineralocorticoids
