Essential Emergency Drugs used in Dentistry. Oxygen Epinephrine Antihistamines Aspirin Salbutamol

1. Dr. Sunil kumar
Emergency kit
In
Dental Clinic

2. Essential Emergency Drugs
1. Oxygen
2. Epinephrine
3. Nitroglycerin
4. Antihistamines
5. Albuterol/ Salbutamol
6. Aspirin

3. 1. Oxygen
● Indicated in Every emergency except Hyperventilation
● Should be available in portable source, usually in an
E-size cylinder(holds 600 lt)
● Flow rate - 6-10lt/minute = Adult by full face mask
- 10-15lt/minute = in unconscious patient
(by bag-valve mask)

4. 2. Epinephrine
● In Anaphylaxis and Asthma (which doesn't respond to
Salbutamol)
Dose - 0.3- 0.5 mg IM
- 0.1 mg IV
● Cardiac arrest
Dose - 1:1000 = 1mg/ml for IM
- 1:10,000 = 1mg/10 ml for IV ( IV is rapid= 5-10 min)

5. Contraindication
● It Decreases venous return so it is
contraindicated in
ishemic heart Disease(Fast heart rate,
shortness of breath)
Pregnency (Decreases plecenta blood flow
and may induce premature labour)
● Not use in shock except Anaphylactic

6. 3. Nitroglycerine
In
● Acut angina
● MI
Tablet have a short shelf life of approximately 3 months once the bottle has
been opened.
Available in
● Sublingual tablet
● Sublingual spray 0.3-0.4 mg administer
This dose can be repeated twice more at 5minutes interval
Contraindication- Systolic B.P below 90mm Hg

7. 4. Injectable Antihistamines
● Allergic Reactions
● Non life threatening allergic reactions can be
managed by oral administration
Diphenhydramine - 25-50 mg
Chlorpheniramine - 10-20 mg
Avil( pheniramine maleate) - 25 mg

8. 5. Albuterol/ Salbutamol
● In Bronchospasm
Adult dose = 2 Sprays
Pediatric dose = 1 Spray

9. 6. ASPIRIN
In MI
Dose = 162 mg(lowest effective dose) - 325 mg
Contraindication→
● Severe Asthma
● Gastric bleeding

10. Additional Emergency Drugs
1.Glucagon Hypoglycemia 1mg IV or IM
2. Atropine Significant Bradycardia 0.5mg IV or IM
3. Hydrocortisone ● Adrenal insufficiency
● Recurrent Anaphylaxis
100 mg IV, IM
100 mg IV, IM
4. Morphine and Nitrous oxide Angina like pain unresponsive
to nitroglycerin
2 mg IV,
5 mg IM
Inhalation

11. Other Emergency Measures
Not Mentioned by IDA but still useful
● Aromatic ammonia
● CPR pocket mask

12. Author of The Book- Dentistry Unlocked, (Available on Amazon)