This document defines and explains the key elements of digital storytelling. It identifies five core elements: media, action, relationship, context, and communication. For each element, it provides an overview and description, and gives examples. The purpose is to establish a taxonomy for digital storytelling, analyze current practices using this taxonomy, and measure the effects of different story forms on audiences. It serves as an introduction and framework for further discussion on digital storytelling elements and their uses.

1. ELEMENTS OF DIGITAL
STORYTELLING(JOURNALISM)
Presented By
Justus Cyril E.

3. WHAT IS DIGITAL STORYTELLING
Introduction
Overview
Explanation
Elements of Digital Storytelling

4. Introduction
• The first type of digital journalism, called teletext, was
invented in Great Britain in 1970.. Teletext is a system
allowing viewers to choose which stories they wish to read
and see it immediately.
• There is no absolute agreement as to what constitutes
digital journalism. Scholars argue that "Web and mobile
platforms demand us to adopt a platform-free mindset for
an all-inclusive production approach by creating the
(digital) contents first, then distributing them via
appropriate platforms.“
• The repurposing of print content for an online audience is
sufficient for some, while others require content created
with the digital medium’s unique features like
hypertextuality

5. overview
• Fewer barriers to entry, lowered distribution costs, and
diverse computer networking technologies have led to the
widespread practice of digital journalism.
• It has democratized the flow of information that was
previously controlled by traditional media including
newspapers, magazines, radio, and television.
• Some have asserted that greater degree of creativity can be
exercised with digital storytelling/journalism when
compared to traditional journalism and traditional media.
• The digital aspect may be central to the journalistic
message and remains, to some extent, within the creative
control of the writer, editor, and/or publisher.

6. Explanation
• Digital Storytelling also known as Digital Journalism
or Online Journalism is a contemporary form of
journalism where editorial content is distributed via
the Internet as opposed to publishing via print or
broadcast.
• What constitutes 'digital journalism' is debated by
scholars. However the primary product of
storytelling/journalism, which is news and features on
current affairs, is presented solely or in combination as
text, audio, video and some interactive forms, and
disseminated through digital media platforms.

7. Elements of Digital Storytelling
• Interactive, multimedia, experiential… these terms are
frequently used to describe digital storytelling. These
concepts, however, are too broad and open to
interpretation.
• This Presentation attempts to clarify and explore these
ideas.
• From Our Examination of thousands of digital stories we
observed five elements all present in each:
– media,
– action,
– relationship,
– context, and
– communication.

8. Cont’d…
• Below are the Elements and an overview, description,
and examples of each. This Study serves three
purposes indicated below with explanations for each.
• Additionally the research and resources information
serve as a reference for relevant materials.
• Since the digital environment is evolving, the taxonomy
is meant to be a starting point for further discussion,
We would welcome your opinions and contributions at
the end of this presentation.

9. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY
1. Establish a Taxonomy
2. Analyze Current Practices
3. Measure the Effect

10. 1. Establish a Taxonomy
• The digital storytelling taxonomy has five parts:
• Media: usage.
• Action: built into the content or required by
users.
• Relationship: potential between story and user.
• Context: provided by other materials.
• Communication: potential.

11. 2. Analyze Current Practices
• Applying the Elements taxonomy to content
analyses of digital stories provides
understanding of current practices.
• These content analyses will establish baseline
measurements of the usage of different
Elements.
• With these baselines, changes in the adoption
of various digital storytelling features can be
gauged.

12. 3. Measure the Effects
• There has been speculation about, but little
measurement of, the effects various digital
story forms have on users.
• The taxonomy provides a framework for
establishing a research agenda.
• Look in the Research area for links to reports
and studies focused on different aspects of
digital storytelling and their effects on
audience.

13. DEFINING THE ELEMENTS
1. MEDIA
2. ACTION
3. RELATIONSHIP
4. CONTEXT
5. COMMUNICATION

14. MEDIA
• Media refers to the material(s) used to create the
story package. Unique to the digital story space is
the ability to use any type and combination of
media. There are four considerations when
looking at media:
1. Configuration is the relationship between media
used in the story package;
2. Type identifies the medium or media used to tell the
story;
3. Currentness indicates synchronous or asynchronous
delivery;
4. Time / Space addresses editing of the content.

20. ACTION
• Digital stories have action in two areas:
1. movement of or within the content, and
2. movement required by the user to access the content.
• Legacy media can have movement within the content
(i.e., video) and required by the user (i.e., turn the
page) but online stories have different action models.
• Flash animations, user controlled slide shows, and
clicking to prompt the content’s movement are unique
to online storytelling.

25. RELATIONSHIP
• The relationship between the digital story and the user can
be open or closed based on the following five aspects:
1. Linearity refers to the order the content can be accessed;
2. Customization addresses content personalization;
3. Calculation considers the ability to tally;
4. Manipulation looks at the user’s ability to play with the
content
5. Appendage addresses the addition of content by the user.
• If any one of these five aspects is in the “open” condition,
the content is “open”. If all of the aspects are in the
“closed” condition, the content is closed.

34. CONTEXT
• Context is defined as, “that which surrounds, and gives meaning to,
something else.” Context in newspapers, for example, can be
provided by sidebar stories but there are space limitations in print
media.
• Digital storytelling allows limitless context through linking to
related, relevant information.
• Standalone stories are self-contained and do not utilize context
links. Linked stories provide access to additional information.
• Linked stories have four considerations:
1. Technique identifies link location;
2. Purpose indicates reason for inclusion;
3. Source addresses origin;
4. Content describes the nature of the link.

40. COMMUNICATION
• Multi-nodal communication makes the online environment
unique from previous media.
• Two-way communication allows the user to communicate
with the content developer or other users.
• One-way communication does not allow the user to
communicate digitally.
• The aspects of communication include:
1. Configuration - specifies the directionality of the
communication;
2. Type - identifies the communication method(s) used;
3. Currentness - indicates synchronous or asynchronous delivery;
4. Moderation - addresses editing of the communication;
5. Purpose - describes the reason for the communication.

47. QUICK RESOURCE REVIEW

48. THE END
APPLAUSE!!!