ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRESENTATION

1. Living things and the environment
1. Our environment is our surrounding.
2. Plants, people and animals live on the environment .
Plants and animals depend on each other.
3. Plants breathe in carbondioxide and give us oxygen.
4. Plants are living things. They are:
-Trees
-grass
-fruits
-vegetables

2. Activity: Short Answer Questions
1. What is another name for environment?
__________________________
2. Why do plants depend on animals?
_____________________________
3. Name the air we breathe?
_____________________
4. Name the air taken in by plants?
_______________________

3. Parts and Functions of a plant.
1. There are 5 main parts of a plant. They are:
-stem
-roots
-flower
-fruit
-leaf
2. Each part of a plant has a different function which helps them to survive.
3. Plants are different in colour, shape and sizes.

4. Parts of a plant

5. Parts Functions
Stem • Able to support the plant, leaves and flowers.
Leaf • Has a green substance called chlorophyll that
traps sunlight to make food for the plant.
Root • Holds the plant firmly in the soil.
• Carries water through stems to the leaves.
Flower • Makes fruit.
• Beautifies the plant.
Fruit • Produces seed.

6. Activity 1: Label the parts of a plant.

7. Activity 2: Match each part of a plant with
its correct functions.
List A List B
1. Roots
A. Produces seed
2. Fruits
B. Traps sunlight to make food for the
plant.
3. Stem
C. Makes fruit and beautifies the plant.
4. flower
D. Holds the plant firmly in the soil
5. Leaves
E. Able to support the plant, leaves and
flowers

8. Behaviour of plants for survival.
1. Roots grow downwards while shoots grow upwards.
2. Behaviour of plants refers to what a plant does in an environment.
3. Plants grow towards light.
4. Plants with weak stems are called climbers and creepers.
5. Examples of climbers are passion fruit, pumpkin, bean, orchid.
Shoots grow upwards
Roots grow downwards

9. 6. Examples of creepers are pumpkin and watermelon.
7. Some plants grow in wet areas and muddy swamp.
Examples are water lily, river weeds, sea weeds.
8. Sensitive plants close their leaves when touched for
protection.

10. Climbers

11. Creepers

12. Water Lilies

13. Activity: Fill in the blanks
Choose your answers from the list given below to fill in each blank space.
1. Behaviour of plants refers to what a plant does in an ______________.
2. Roots grow ___________.
3. Sensitive plant close their leaves for ______________.
4. Plant with weak stems are called _________________ and
_____________.
climbers environment creepers protection downward

14. Observable features of animals for survival.
1. Animals live in their natural home due to their adaptive features.
2. Animals home is called habitat.
3. These features help animals to move easily and obtain their food.

15. Activity: Complete the table by writing
how the following animals move.
1. Grasshopper _________
2. Crabs _________
3. Fish _________
4. Lizards _________
5. Butterfly _________
6. Cows _________

16. Activity
1. Give any 2 examples of each.
2. How do toads catch its food?
_____________________________________________________
3. What does a fish use to swim in water?
_____________________________________________________
Animals with 4 legs Animals that lives in water
Creatures that can swim in water Animals with hard shells

17. Animals Behaviour
1. Animals behave in different ways to survive.
2. Animals behaviour is the study of everything that an animal does in
their environment with other living things.
3. Animals are able to communicate, attract other animals and protect
itself through signals.
4. Example:
Birds - makes call by singing.
Fish - Raises its fin to frighten its enemies.
Frog - Makes its body bigger when touched to frighten
Dog - Have strong sense of smell.

18. Activity: Matching
List A List B
(animal) (how they protect)
1. Horse A. Makes call by singing.
2. Cow B. Makes it’s body bigger.
3. Bird C. Strong sense of smell.
4. Dog D. Fight, strike with front hooves
5. Fish E. Uses it’s claws, bite.
6. Frog F. Uses it’s fins.
7. Cat G. Lower their head, charge.

19. Living Together
Study of living things in their non-living
environment.
1. Living things are organisms.
2. They are plants and animals.
3. Organisms live in their non-living environment such as
air, sand, soil and water.
4. An organism lives in a certain environment because it
can find all the things it need to stay alive.
5. The place where an organism lives is called its
habitat.

20. Living Things Non-Living Environment
Earthworm Soil
Tadpole Water in drain/pond
Fern Moist, shady places
Fish Water
Butterfly/bees Air/soil/hive/shady places
Grasshopper air/soil/shady place
Caterpillar Shady places/soil

21. Activity: Fill in the blanks
1. ___________ are living things.
2. Organisms are _________ and __________.
3. Living things live in their __________________
environment.
4. An earthworm lives in the _____________ while a
caterpillar lives on the ____________.
animal non-living leaves plants soil

22. Colour and Shape of living things
1. All living things need to protect themselves by having different
colours and shape.
2. They do this by:
- Hiding in its shells.
- Use colours to camouflage.
- Have bright colours to show they are poisonous and has nasty taste.
Camouflage- a natural colour that enables
animals/insects to blend with its home.

23. Example:
Living
Things
Colour/Shape for protection
Caterpillar -Camouflage it’s green colour with bright colour
pattern to warn birds
Lady bugs -Red and black colour to warn birds they taste nasty.
Butterfly -Different designs on wings to frighten enemies.
Earthworms - Hide in the soil.
Centipede Have poisonous claws.

25. Activity: Colour to show how these animals
camouflage with it’s home.

26. How the non-living environment provides
shelter to living things.
1. There is a relationship between living things and it’s
environment.
2. Plants and animals have shelter in different places as they
need different conditions to live.
3. It depends on:
- Temperature (hot, warm, cool)
- Moisture ( dry, moist, wet)
- Exposure (shelter, exposed)
4. Example:
- Snail and earthworm- cool, damp place.
- Lizard, snakes, insects, birds- forests.

27. CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS

28. Fern
Pine trees
 Pawpaw Rose
 Guava Hibiscus
 Banana Marigold
 Mango Sunflower
 Pumpkin Grass
Flowering Plants Non-flowering
plants
Fruits
Without
Fruits

29. Flowering Plants

30. Non-Flowering plants
Pine Fern

31. Classification of Animals
Animals can be classified under 2 headings
Animals with backbones
(vertebrates)
Animals without backbones
(invertebrates)

32. Vertebrate Animals are classified under the following
heading.(In Fiji)
Mammals Birds Fish Reptiles Amphibians
Bat
Cat
Rat
Cow
Goat
Horse
Mouse
Dog
Sheep
Crow
Peacock
Duck
Dove
Parrot
Mynah
Owl
Chicken
rooster
All types
of fish
Alligator
Snakes
Lizards
Tortoise
Turtle
Iguana
Gecko
Toads

33. Examples of invertebrate animals
Spider Butterfly
Starfish Fly
Snail Dragonfly
Jelly fish Beetle
Earthworm Cockroaches
Ants Insects(6 legs)
Bug
Bee
Mosquito
Caterpillar

34. Activity: Write either vertebrate or
invertebrate for each.
Animal Vertebrate/Invertebrate
1. Birds
2. Cow
3. Spider
4. Horse
5. Earthworm
6. Snail
7. turtle

35. Classification of animals
(number of legs)
No legs 6 legs 4 legs 8 legs More than 8
legs
Earthworm Beetle Goat Spider Prawn
Snail Butterfly Cow Octopus Centipede
Mosquito Horse Crab
Grasshopper Sheep Millipede
Cockroach Pig

36. Activity: Give any 3 examples of each.
Animals without legs
Animals with 4 legs
Insects with 6 legs

37. Strand 2: Matter

38. What is matter?
1. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.(mass is the
amount of material in a substance).
2. Matter is everything we can think of.
3. Matter is things around us.
What is matter made up of?
Tiny pieces of particles stuck together.

39. The 3 states of matter
Solid
 Has definite shape.
 Particles are tightly
packed.
Liquid
 Takes the shape of a
container.
 Has no fixed shape.
 Not tightly packed.
 Has little space to move
around.
Gas
 Has no fixed shape.
 Can be easily
compressed(squeezed)
 Can move freely.
 Particles are far apart.
Examples: book,
pen, rock, hammer,
desk, toad, ball, fan,
TV, cup, car etc…
Examples: milk, juice,
paint, water, kerosene,
rain, tea, oil etc…
Examples: clouds, smoke,
oxygen, carbon dioxide,
steam, fog, etc…

40. Activity 1:
Learn these words
Matter Particle Solid gas substance
mass liquid material Definite compressed
1. Define ‘matter’ in your own words.
____________________________________________________________
2. What are the 3 states of matter?
a. ______________ b. _____________ c. ____________
3. What is matter made up of?
____________________________________________________________

41. Activity 1: Write whether each matter is solid, liquid
or gas.
Matter What State
1.Milk liquid
2. Cookie Solid
3. Oxygen Gas
4. Pencil Solid
5. Shampoo Liquid
6. Water vapor Gas
7. Helium Gas
8. Sand solid
9. oil liquid

42. Activity 2: Read the properties of solid, liquid and gas
and place a tick in the box.
Properties solid liquid gas
1. Has no fixed shape
2. Particles are tightly
packed
3. Has little space for
movement
4. Particles are far apart
5. Takes the shape of a
container

43. Activity 3: Write either True or False
1. Matter is anything that has mass. ____________
2. Matter is made up of stones. ____________
3. The fourth state of matter is larva. ____________
4. Paint is an example of a liquid. ____________
5. In gas, particles are far apart. ____________

44. Materials
 Difference between natural and artificial material.
 1. We are surrounded by a wide variety of materials.
 2. Materials are classified as natural and man-made.
Natural Materials
 Are produced by nature (from plants,
animals and land).
 Not made by humans.
 They occur within the natural
environment and have undergone very
little modification.
Artificial materials
 Are man-made materials.
 Those things made in a factory.
 Are processed material.
 Modified from natural material.
Examples:
 Sand
 Water
 Trees
 Soil
 Wood
 Oil
Examples:
 bottle
 container
 plastic
 pipes
 furniture
 toys

46. Activity 1: Write either Natural Material or Man-
made material.
1. Grass _______________
2. Shoes _______________
3. Battery _______________
4. Meat ________________
5. Sand ________________
6. Toys ________________
7. Wool ________________

47. Activity 2: Write one natural material and a man-made
material that we get from the natural material that you
listed.
 Wood chair, desk, paper
 Cotton wool cloth, sweater, blankets
 Leather belt, shoes
 Soil clay pots, vase
 Metal spoon, kettle, pots

48.  Activity: Short Answer Questions
 1. Differentiate between natural and man-made materials?
 Natural materials are those materials we get it from our natural
environment while man made materials are artificial materials
made and processed in the factory.
 2. Give 3 examples of each (apart from the example in the notes).
 Natural materials : water , rocks, plants
 Artificial materials: cups, books, cement block

49. Properties of some materials.
 Refers to the measurement of mass and other characteristics that can
be seen without changing how that object looks.
 An object can be described with it’s colour, shape, mass, volume,
density, taste and smell.
Some properties of materials are:
a. Magnetism Materials that react to magnets.
b. Ductility Ability of substance to change shape under pressure.
c. Malleability Ability of a substance to be flattened into thin sheets
without breaking.
d. Elasticity Ability to bend, stretch and return to it’s original shape.
e. Flexibility Ability to bend and stay bent.

50. Properties of man-made materials
a. Metals Are hard, solid, shiny, good conductor of heat
b. Rubber Band Can stretch and return to it’s shape again.
c. Plastic
Soft, light, water proof, easily folded and unfold,
transparent.
d. Tin Can Solid, shiny, can be flattened
e. Paper Light weight, can be burnt

51. Physical properties of some natural material
 Physical properties can be observed and measured without changing the
identity of the substance.
 Natural material can be combined, mixed, heated and treated in a
combination of ways to processed material.
a. Water Is a liquid which is tasteless, has no smell, colourless, can be
changed to solid and water vapour.
b. Wood Solid, brown in colour, tough
c. Sand Has fine medium coarse grains, loose grains and grey in
colour.
d. Soil Brown/orange in colour, can stick together when wet, is hard,
smooth dry. Has decomposed materials.

52. Activity 1: Matching
List A List B
1. Magnetism A. Ability to bend and stretch.
2. Elasticity B. Flattened into thin sheets without breaking.
3. Ductility C. Ability of material to react to magnet.
4. Malleability D. Ability to bend and stay bent.
5. Flexibility E. Can change shape under pressure.
1: Matching

53. Activity 2: Complete the table by filling in
any 2 properties of each material.
Tin Plastic Paper

54. Properties of materials that can be used in
other way
1. Wood Are hard and strong for stiffness so it is used in houses, furniture,
posts and bridges.
2. Plastic bag Is useful as it is water proof, not heavy to carry, low cost,
transparent, easy to fold and unfold.
3. Cook pots Are made of metals as they heat quickly. Are strong, not
breakable.
4. Tin Cans Are recycled as it can be flattened and bent easily.

55. Temporary and Permanent Changes
Changes are of 2 types:
• Temporary change
• Permanent change

56. Are chemical changes.
New substance is formed.
Irreversible.
Example:
Burning paper
Adding water to flour
Soil erosion
rusting iron
decomposing leaves
Are physical changes.
No new substance is
formed.
Is reversible.
Example:
 melting ice
 Freezing water
 Boiling water
 Dissolving sugar
 Wax melting
Temporary Change Permanent Change

58. Object remains but may Object has new properties.
be in a different state.

59. Activity: Short Answer Questions
1. What is another name for:
a. Temporary change - __________________________
b. Permanent change - __________________________
2. Temporary changes are (reversible/irreversible) while
chemical changes are (reversible/irreversible)

60. 3. Write either Physical or Temporary change for
each.
Permanent/Temporary Change
a. Burning wood
b. Ice melting
c. Slicing bread
d. Wax melting
e. Baking a cake
f. Melting butter
g. Egg frying

61. STRAND 3: ENERGY

62. What is energy?
1. Energy is the ability or fuel required to do something.
Sources of Energy
a. The biggest source of energy is our sun.
Some other sources of energy are:
b. Food- source of energy used by people.
c. Wood- comes from trees.
d. Wind
e. Water
f. Wave
g. Fossil fuel- coal, oil and natural gases(3 energy sources that comes
from dead plants and animals buried underground for millions of years)

63. Activity: Short Answer Questions
1. Define the term energy?
2. What is the biggest source of energy?
3. Give 3 other examples of energy sources?
4. Where do people and plants get their energy from/
a. People - _____________________
b. Plants - _____________________
5. Give 2 examples of fossil fuels?

64. Energy Transfer
1. Energy is never created or destroyed, it changes forms.
2. Energy transfer is the transfer of energy from one object or material
to another.
Example 1:
Energy from your moving foot is transferred to a soccer ball.

65. Example 2: The burning wood cycle
Firewood Charcoal Ash

66. Using a battery to light a bulb
 1. We can light a bulb using a battery and some copper
wire.
 2. Electricity (power) is stored in a battery.
 3. The electrical current flows through the wire from the
battery to the bulb.
 4. The path the current takes is called electrical circuit.
 5. If there is a break in the circuit, the light goes out.

67. Open and Closed circuit
The bulb will
not light in
an open
circuit.
The bulb will
light in a
closed circuit.

68. Activity
1. Name 2 things that you can use to light a bulb?
 _______________ b. ______________
2. Complete the flow of the burning wood.
3. Name the path that the current takes?
 _____________________________
4. Will the bulb light if there is a break in the current?
 ____________________
____________ charcoal ____________

69. Study the diagram and;
i)Write if the bulb will light or not.
_____________________________________________
ii)Give a reason for your answer.
_______________________________________

70. Energy Use
Simple and Parallel Circuit
1. What is a circuit?
A circuit is a complete path through which electricity can flow.
2. There are two types of circuit. They are:
a. A simple circuit which consists of a:
-bulb
-battery
-copper wire
- switch

71. A simple circuit
Bulb
Battery
Copper
wire
Switch

72. 2. A parallel circuit which has two or more path for current to flow through.

73. Symbols
Battery
Bulb
On/Off switch
___________________
Copper wire

74. Activity 1: Vocabulary
 Learn these words:
Circuit Battery Switch Copper
wire
Flow
electricity Bulb parallel Path current

75. Activity 2: Label the simple circuit. Use
the words given in the box.
1
2
3 4

76. Energy Conservation
 1. Energy conservation simply means saving energy.
 2. We need to save energy.
 3. Saving energy will ensure it lasts for a long time.
 4. Some ways of conserving energy are:
 Turn off the lights if no one is in the room.
 Turn off all electrical appliances (TV, computer, radio etc…) if no one
is using them.
 Open windows to let fresh air in.
 Think before you open the refrigerator.

77. Activity: Kathy lives with her parents. Given below are
ways they use energy at home. In the box provided,
write other ways that Kathy and her family can save
energy.
1. Every night they sleep in the fan. They should open windows to let fresh air in
2. Kathy’s mother washes the clothes twice a day She should wash clothes 3 or 4 times in a
week(small family)
3. Kathy has decorative and fancy lights in her room. Make her room colorful and bright instead.
4. They have 2 TV in separate rooms which are always on. Watch 1 TV and off it when not in use.
5. Kathy is 9 years old and she studies on computer. She should use her text/exercise book.
6. Kathy waters the vegetable garden every day. She should water at leat 4 times in a week.

78. Forces
1.Forces are:
Pull
Push
Twist
2. Forces make something move.

80. Activity 1: Write either pull, push or twist for
each.
1. Shopping trolley 7. Tug of war
2. Opening bottle lid 8. Weeding grass
3. Putting a pair of socks 9. Opening the lock using a key
4. Pressing a button 10. Catching fish
5. Turning a door handle 11. Kicking a ball
6. Wheel barrow 12. Sharpening a pencil

81. Strand 4: Earth and Beyond
Topic: Our Solar System
1. What is the solar system?
 It is our sun and everything that travels around it.
2. Our solar system is elliptical (oval) in shape.
3. The sun is the center of the solar system.
4. Our solar system consists of 8 planets.
 Mercury Jupiter
 Venus Saturn
 Earth Uranus
 Mars Neptune

82. 5. All eight planets travel around the sun in a different orbit.
 (orbit- circular path of one object around another object)
6. People who study about the sun, moon, stars and other planets are
astronomers.
How to remember planets in correct order:
My Mercury
Very Venus
Energetic Earth
Mother Mars
Just Jupiter
Served Saturn
Us Uranus
Noodles Neptune

83. Planet we live in Earth
Hottest planet Venus
Coolest planet Neptune
Biggest planet Jupiter
Closest to the sun Mercury
Farthest from the sun Neptune
Smallest planet Mercury

87. Activity 1: Label the planets.

88. Activity 2: Planets Order

89. Activity 3: Multiple Choice
Circle the letter of the best answer
1. How many planets make up the solar system?
A. 8 B. 9 C. 10
2. What is located at the centre of the solar system?
A. Moon B. earth C. sun
3. What does the word solar means?
A. Star B. sun C. moon
4. What is the shape of the solar system?
A. Oval B. circle C. square
5. Name the largest planet?
A. Mercury B. Neptune C. Jupiter
6. In which planet does life exist?
A. Mars B. Earth C. saturn

90. Activity 4: Matching
List A List B
1. Earth A. Hottest planet
2. Mars B. Closest planet to the sun
3. Venus C. Has one moon
4. Mercury D. Has large rings
5. Saturn E. Red planet

91. Activity 5: Complete the table given below.
Inner Planets Outer Planets

92. The Sun
8 planets orbit around it
Very hot
Plants use sun’s energy to
make food
Made up of gases
he earth goes around the sun
Yellow dwarf star
Star found at the centre of
the solar system

93. Activity: Fill in the blanks
eyes earth warm star gases hot plants
1. The sun is very ________.
2. The ___________ rotates around the sun.
3. ___________ use the sun’s energy to make their food.
4. The sun is a _____________.
5. It is made up of ______________.
6. It keeps our atmosphere ____________.
7. We cannot look at the sun directly because it can hurt our ___________.

94. Earth’s Movement- the spin
1. The earth spins around like a top.
2. It takes 24 hours (one full day and night) for the earth to
make one complete turn.
3. The earth spins on an imaginary pole called the earth’s axis.
4. One end of the earth’s axis is called the North Pole while the
other end is called the South Pole.
5. People cannot feel the earth turn because it is so big.
6. The turning of the earth gives day and night.

95. What causes day and night?
1. As earth rotates, the side we live on turns towards the sun.
2. The sun lights the sky and we have a day.
3. As earth keeps rotating our side turns away from the sun.
4. The sky gets dark and we have night.

98. Activity 1: Fill in the blanks
day sun rotation night spin earth
Use each word once to complete the sentences given below.
1. The spinning of earth is called _____________.
2. Earth’s rotation causes _______ and ________.
3. When one side of the earth faces the ______, it is day. At the same
time it is night on the other side of _________.
4. Earth always ________ in the same direction.

99. Activity 2: Label the diagram

100. What is weather?
1. What is weather?
It is the condition of the day for a period of time.
2. Types of weather:

101. 3. The Fiji weather office provides information about the daily weather.
4. We receive the weather news over the radio, television, newspaper or through
mobile phones.
5. Two seasons which affect Fiji weather;
a. Warm and wet season/cyclone season(November to April)
b. Cold and dry season(May to October)
6. Person who studies about weather is called meteorologist.

102. Weather Instruments

103. Weather Instruments and their uses
1. Thermometer To measure temperature.
2. Rain gauge To measure the amount of rainfall.
3. Wind vane Tells wind direction.
4. Anemometer Tells wind speed.
5. Barometer To measure atmospheric pressure.

104. Activity 1: Matching
List A List B
1. Weather A. May to October
2. Weather office B. Studies about weather
3. Cyclone season C. Condition of the day for a period of time
4. cold, dry season D. Provides daily weather news
5. Meteorologist E. November to April

105. Activity 2: Name the weather instruments.
1. Measures temperature
2. Tells wind speed
3. Measures the amount of rainfall
4. Tells wind direction